Gopher ikhombe: incazelo isilwane

Gopher ezimanakanaka uhlala ikakhulukazi emathafeni. Lena ukusungulwa ophithizelayo vigilantly ukuqaphile imbobo zabo. Noma ubani owake emathafeni, wabona Silhouettes kwezilwane ngokuphindaphindiwe, ebhekene amakholomu, ngezidladla phambi ewela esifubeni sakhe, futhi waqalaza komakhelwane. Umzuzwana nje - futhi Gopher wanyamalala!

Ngokuthakazelisayo, izinganekwane abantu abalelwa ku kubo anezakhi ezikhethekile. Nomads babekholelwa ukuthi lezi zilwane ukwazi lapho bembela o-ingcebo igolide emaqeleni, futhi uma ukulala endle, le izingwejeje zifike ukuze uphumule futhi evulekile indlebe yakhe zonke izimfihlakalo zayo.

ukusabalala

Gopher ezimanakanaka kwasakazwa the eningizimu ihlathi-asemaqeleni aseMpumalanga European Plain. Kukhona futhi 2 elincane elingalodwa olwenzeka endaweni kwemizi: entshonalanga Belarus nasenyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-Ukraine.

Gopher nezinala: ukubukeka yangaphandle

Lena enye yezinhlobo ezingu-short-tailed esihamba izingwejeje nezincane. Isisindo sayo kuze kufinyelele 500 g, nge kwabesilisa side kunaleso nabesifazane. Inhloko likhulu, ngamehlo omkhulu. Paws wesilwane zimfushane, ngeminwe eside ihamba. Gopher uye ikhombe, ekhanda ezingavamile futhi iDemo ezingomakhelwane; kuphela umsila wakhe fluffed izinwele futhi eside. Umbala ngemuva Motley elikhanyayo: on isizinda onsundu ngokuphaphathekile noma abe grey-sinombala ehlakazekile izilongotshane ikakhulukazi ezinkulu, ecacile, aphuzi noma olumhlophe, ukuhlanganisa emuva ibe yezwakala.

Ngokuthakazelisayo, kungenziwa abasha izilwane izilongotshane ahlelwe imigqa. Ingxenye engenhla ikhanda nge ngemuva ngombala owodwa, kancane mnyama njalo. amehlo lizungezwe indandatho ayikhanyi kakhulu; ngezansi bangabantu izindawo ensundu. I ikhanda nentamo asemhlophe ngezansi. Belly eshintsha umbala kusuka ocher-ophuzi ukuze grey ukukhanya. Tail ezimbili umbala, has a edging elikhanyayo. I jikelele umbala ithoni ngaphakathi kobubanzi ecima nokukhanya ngaseningizimu.

Sabona ehlala emgodini ku karyotype Ama-chromosomes e-34.

ukukhiqizwa kabusha

Lezi zilwane sokuzalela iqala Ngemva kwamasonto nengxenye ngemva abasafufusa ivuka kulokhu kulala kwasebusika. Ngesikhathi kukhwelana efanayo kuthatha cishe amasonto amabili. Yena kuhambisana ngokufika besilisa endaweni nabesifazane. Abesilisa ngalesi sikhathi banolaka kakhulu - bona ukuxosha omunye komunye: "kukhona isibhakela," ukuluma. Kokuzalela senzeka njalo emgodzini. Kulokhu, ukukhulelwa sihlala 27 izinsuku. Ngemva lokhu kuza amawundlu mayelana eziyisikhombisa.

Ekuqaleni June, isilwane esisesincane (Gopher) kuqala liphuma emgodini yayo. Khona-ke owesifazane eshiya nenzalo yakhe izinsuku 3, ngaleyo ndlela nokumphoqelela ukuqala ukudla ukudla okuqinile. Nokho ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa abasebancane kakhulu ishiya unina, ukuyohlala ezidlekeni zawo.

nezimanakanaka Gopher unika neplodovitye hybrids iVolga isilinganiso nge Gopher ezincane. Futhi ngokwesilinganiso, Pridnestrovie European ehlala emgodini.

ukudla

Kodwa lokhu kuthakazelisa nezimanakanaka hhayi kuphela Gopher. Yini feeds lesi silwane? Ukwakheka okuphakelayo ngezitshalo ezitholakala kuso. It has mayelana 50 izinhlobo, ingxenye enkulu siqukethe okusanhlamvu (uphaphe utshani, fescue, Kentucky bluegrass, oat zasendle), futhi utshani zezimbali (Yarrow, clover, dandelion). kuchazwe kahle ushintsho Ukudla ngezinkathi zonyaka. kwentwasahlobo isilwane esidla isitshalo izimpande, ingxenye eziluhlaza kwehlobo, kanti imbewu kuwele.

okusanhlamvu Cultural (kakolweni, rye, ibhali ngezinye izikhathi) edla wonke (sifanamsindvo, amahlumela, okusanhlamvu, ishiya), kuyilapho amamitha angaphezu kuka-50 engxenyeni onqenqemeni yasendle ingahambi. Esikhathini esiyiminyaka indiza asebenzayo of mabhungane futhi akudlayo kubo. Izitoke kwenza ezincane - 500 g, bese - esimweni sezulu esibi ehlobo (ebusika izilwane ungadli). Ngezikhathi okukhipha abasha kukhwelana kwemiphakathi aminyene futhi waphawula izimo necrophagia futhi ubuzimu (yokudla sabanjwa congeners isicupho).

indlela yokuphila

Owakhileyo feather utshani emaqeleni, engxenyeni eseningizimu yaleli hlathi upland izimfunda kuyinto Gopher. Incazelo indlela yakhe yokuphila esizoyicabangela kulesi sihloko. ihlala bomdabu ezibhekwa ezindaweni eziphakeme asemaqeleni esetshenziswa njengoba amadlelo, emadlelweni kanye nezimfunda. Kodwa ngenxa ukulima we enkulu asemaqeleni Gopher ukuthi ngelinye emithambekeni ezomile lwemishayo, imiphetho ihlathi amabhande, imingcele.

Phakathi labantu babo okusezingeni eliphezulu ixazululwe okwesikhashana emigwaqweni ezweni izivini izingadi ubudala, kanye emaphethelweni amasimu izitshalo likakolweni corn. Izimfunda ezingasogwini lwe-kuyaqabukela asetshenziswa kanye kuphela njengoba amasayithi kokudla kwezilwane.

Nezimanakanaka ehlala emgodini, izithombe okuyinto okwethulwa kulesi iphepha bahlala amakoloni (aminyene futhi kwaphela) ku seduze kwemigwaqo, umfula floodplains nokunye. Eza yonkana njengoba izilwane ngedwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuntu ngamunye omdala ophethe emgodini wayo. Kukhona Burrows lesikhashana unomphela. Kukhona phansi izingwejeje yokucashisa, zohlobo futhi letuyut.

Kwesinye isikhathi izimbobo ube uhamba owengeziwe futhi otnorki. izindlu lesikhashana ezincane kanye nesakhiwo lula. Izilwane siphile ukuphila ngaphandle kokuzivivinya, awusebenzi enze yokufuduka ziyofuna ukudla. Ucingo abesilisa kuphela ngesikhathi kukhwelana, futhi intsha esikhathini zokuhlala.

amandla

Inombolo ephelele ezimanakanaka ehlala emgodini unqabile kula mashumi eminyaka amuva ngenxa imisebenzi elimazayo eyenziwa nokusetshenziswa amakhemikhali zilima kwamazwe intombi.

Ubuhlobo nomuntu

On ingxenye eyinhloko endaweni (ngaphezu eMoldova nase-Ukraine) ngenxa inombolo encane Gopher akulimazi ezinkulu ezolimo. Ngezikhathi lingamlimazanga okusanhlamvu, amasimu ezithelo futhi izitshalo yemifino, ihlathi emasimini, emadlelweni.

Lokho kwenza futhi ukubhujiswa okuphelele kwalelizwe ungqimba inhlabathi. Kuze kube manje, akukho value commercial. yenethiwekhi Zemvelo kucabanga ezithile yisinanakazana, agent causative of tularemia. Alikho inani ngoba abantu lokhu Isilwane Ngakho-ke, it is hhayi ezingelwa.