Genri Longfello: Biography nemiSebenzi

Ukudala Henry Longfellow ukwazi yimuphi umuntu ucishe abafundile. izinkondlo zakhe romantic - ikhasi elikhanyayo izincwadi American namasiko. Sichaza indlela savela isiphetho imbongi, okuyinto eye yaba nethonya emsebenzini wakhe futhi yini izincwadi udinga ukufunda zonke umbhali.

Ebuntwaneni nemvelaphi

Imbongi esizayo Genri Longfello Wabelethwa ngenyanga kaMhlolanja ngomhlaka 27, 1807 e Portland , Maine. Umndeni wakhe babevela Yorkshire. okhokho kaHenry wafika US ekhulwini le-17, futhi banamathele ukubukwa esiqinile kwamaPuritan. Edolobheni elincane e-Portland, Longfellow umndeni wajabulela ngenhlonipho enkulu. Uyise umbhali esizayo isazimthetho, ilungu Congress futhi enikeziwe umndeni wakhe inhlanhla.

KaHenry ebuntwaneni wahlala ngobuningi akwazi ukunikela isikhathi sabo izinto zokuzilibazisa. Wayengumuntu Ungadliwa kakhulu nengane izwele. Lapho umfana wezwa kukuncane okungenziwa amatilosi akulezo echwebeni wathi ku iSipanishi, isiFulentshi, isiNtaliyane, abanye wacabanga emazweni akude futhi aphuphe ngaye travel adventure. Wafunda okuningi, ikakhulukazi uyakuthanda Washington Irving. Kwaba ngaphansi kwethonya romance American Longfellow iqala ukuzama ngokwakho izinkondlo. Kakade eminyakeni 13, uHenry eshicilelwe izinkondlo zakhe okokuqala ephephandabeni ledolobha langakini.

kumiswa

imfundo yamabanga aphansi Genri Longfello, ogama biography kwakuhambisana nezinga Portland eminyakeni yokuqala edolobheni lakubo. Ngemva kwalokho wasuka ku-Boudensky College, waseHarvard University, lapho afunda khona ikusasa umbhali oluvelele American, romantic Nathaniel Hawthorne.

Ngo-1825, uHenry waphothula ekolishi futhi yanikezwa yomnyango uprofesa wezilimi yesimanje. Ukuze aphumelele Ukuhlolwa afanelekele, Longfellow waya ukuvakasha amakhulu aseYurophu oye kokuzidela eyathatha iminyaka emithathu. Wayeya ngebhasi Italy, eFrance, eSpain, eNgilandi, lapho afundela khona ngokujulile izincwadi nezilimi. Ngemva ukuthi wayesekulungele ukuqala ukufundisa.

Isayensi nokufundisa

Ngo-1829, Genri Uodsuort Longfello, ogama biography ubulokhu uhlotshaniswa izincwadi wayosebenza Bowden College. Ngemva kweminyaka engu-6, wamenywa ukuba professorship at Harvard University. Ngu isiko Longfellow uqale waya eYurophu, lapho kuthuthukisa amakhono akhe phakathi nonyaka. Abesehamba ukusebenza e-Harvard.

Kuyo yonke le minyaka lokufundisa, uHenry isungule eziningana ezibalulekile kusuka Ngokombono ongokwesayensi, izifundo main izincwadi European, wabuye eshicilelwe izinguqulo eziningana imisebenzi izincwadi iSpanishi. Inyuvesi Longfellow siphela kuze 1854, kanye nokufundisa, washeshe wahileleka umsebenzi wokubhala.

ukushaya

Cravings sezincwadi, uHenry Longfellow wazibonela entsheni. ucwaningo akhe okuqala athi asankondlo, kodwa kamuva akabange ewumlutha temibhalo yephrozi. Lapho esemusha, wabhala eziningi zezinkondlo, kodwa kwaba ucwaningo umfundi kuphela. Njengoba umfundi kukaHenry ngokuvamile kuthunyelwe omagazini namaphephandaba, ngisho izinkondlo zakhe ishicilelwe. Sekukonke, phakathi nalesi sikhathi wanyathelisa izinkondlo ezincane ezingaba ngu-40. Okuvelayo kwaKhe evakashele eYurophu Longfellow evezwe temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba, kwaba uhlobo travel idayari, ngokuthi "engcwele kolwandle." Lo msebenzi yanyatheliswa ngo-1835. Nokho Longfellow wazalwa imbongi, ngakho ekupheleni 1830s eqala ukubhala izinkondlo kuphela.

ekudalweni

I yokuqala eyaziwayo imbongi weza ngemuva kokushicilelwa nkondlo "Isihlabelelo Life", isampuli ukuzikhohlisa isosha esihlatshelelwayo. Kusukela 30s sekwephuzile, wayevame ishicilela lezinkondlo, okwakwenza kube lula ukuthola a lifetime esitebeleni odumo lembhali. Henry Longfellow, thole zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amathathu, wasuka ekubeni copycat romance ukuvuthwa kumbhali nobunarha elikhanyayo.

Ingxenye imisebenzi imbongi - lokhu izinguqulo futhi okusuke abalobi European. Wahumusha isiZulu, "The Divine Comedy" ngu Dante, futhi iyingqayizivele ngempela. Leli qembu kuhlanganisa ballads eziningi Longfellow izifundo bendabuko European.

Iqembu lesibili imisebenzi Genri Longfello - a zefilosofi isosha esihlatshelelwayo nge kancane umthunzi didacticism. Kuhlanganisa, isibonelo, usebenza ka "Izinyoni", "Amazwi ebusuku", "Iris" nabanye.

Iqembu lesithathu tematheksthi imbongi - kwaba ucwaningo yakhe ukudalwa amaqhawe kazwelonke, phakathi kwazo kukhona edumile "Ingoma Hiawatha" futhi "Evangeline". Phuma izingcezu Longfellow enikelwe ekugqugquzeleni imibono inkululeko nokukhululwa ekugqilazweni izigqila. Esikhathini 40s eziningi US izimbongi abathintekayo kule nhlangano abolitionist, ukuhamba ngoba nokuqeda ubugqila, kodwa uHenry owayevelele kulesi sihloko lincane kakhulu eziningi ozakwabo.

Phakathi nenkonzo yakhe yokuba etemibhalo Longfellow lanyathelisa izincwadi 15 izinkondlo, kanye izinkondlo ngabanye ambalwa netinkondlo. Futhi e igalelo lakhe kukhona izinguqulo eziningi iqoqo esihle zezinkondlo European.

"INgoma Hiawatha"

Noma kunjalo, titukulwane ta-impumelelo eyinhloko Genri Longfello - ". INgoma Hiawatha" Lokhu inkondlo yanyatheliswa ngo-1855, ubukhulu bayo olusankondlo waboleka "Kalevala" amaqhawe we Karelian abadumile. Uzungu ethathwa imisebenzi Native American legends Indian. Imbongi isitshela izinganekwane cosmogonic ka-Australia, luzama ukwakha epics kazwelonke American ezifana zaseScandinavia "Edda". Umsebenzi lihle asesimweni senkondlo nokukarisa isitayela. Namuhla, "INgoma Hiawatha" - Classic kwezincwadi American.

ukuphila Siqu

Imbongi Henry Longfellow, ogama biography lihlotshaniswa izincwadi, uye waphumelela emisebenzini, kodwa hhayi ujabule kakhulu ekuphileni kwakhe siqu. Okokuqala washada ofunda naye ekilasini lakhe Fanny ngo-1831. Laba bobabili bekipitile 4 kuphela. Umkakhe wafa esikhathini esingengakanani phakathi kohambo lwabo ngokuhlanganyela eYurophu. Kule mshado 1 ingane. Henry washada okwesibili ngo-1843. Umshado wajabula, lo mbhangqwana azalelwa izingane 5. Kodwa ngo-1861, umkakhe zafa kabuhlungu emlilweni. Lokhu ukuhlukumezeka ngokwengqondo isikhathi eside alethwe uHenry aphume ukulinganisela. Eminyakeni yokugcina imbongi abaphethwe rheumatism, kodwa waqhubeka esebenza. Washona ngo-March 24, 1882 ku Cambridge.