NJENGOBA Pushkin "Freedom umhlwanyeli ehlane." ukuhlaziya le nkondlo

imisebenzi eminingi emihle eyabhalwa ozithandayo Russian A. zethu zakudala S. Pushkin. Ngo izinkondlo zakhe, wayehlale ngokwethembeka, ngakho-ke kulula ukubona fast kanjani isimo sakhe nendlela lekutsatfwa ngayo tintfo zishintshile. Omunye imisebenzi ezithakazelisayo kakhulu kwaba inkondlo "Freedom umhlwanyeli ehlane", wadala ngo-1823. Le nkathi, imbongi yayingeyinhle, kodwa kunalokho, inkinga ngokuya ukwehla zamabutho zokudala sembubhiso futhi isigayegaye.

Emfanekisweni umlando

Amanye amadoda amakhulu wathi ukusebenza okuyinhloko best of izwi tetemibhalo, ezifana Pushkin, Lermontov, Dostoevsky, kubalulekile ukubheka ngokusebenzisa iphrizimu iVangeli. Kusuka lapho, afaka ngokuhlakanipha kwabo nezithombe ezinhle kakhulu. Lapha futhi enkondlweni "Freedom umhlwanyeli ehlane 'ukuhlaziya kusikisela ukuthi Pushkin esebenzisa indaba edumile yeBhayibheli. Umzekeliso womhlwanyeli echaza uJesu Kristu asinika abaphostoli bakhe.

Ngalolo suku iNkosi waphuma waya olwandle, futhi beza kuye eziningi abantu ukulalela kuso. Khona-ke wangena emkhunjini futhi baqala ukufundisa, etshela ngemifanekiso ezahlukene. Lesi sikhathi wakhuluma umhlwanyeli ngubani waqala ukuhlwanyela okusanhlamvu, futhi enye ingxenye ke lahlakazeka endleleni, izinyoni zayidla, zayiqeda. Enye yawela emadwaleni, futhi imbewu lachuma ngokushesha, kodwa wafa ngenxa impande ababuthakathaka. A okusanhlamvu babembalwa ababevumelana ehlathini, okuyinto wabulala ekukhuleni kwembewu. Futhi enye ingxenye yawela emhlabathini omuhle evundile saletha izinzuzo eziningi. Lo mfanekiso wachaza iqiniso lokuthi umhlwanyeli - kuyinto UNkulunkulu uqobo lwaKhe, imbewu - izwi lakhe, futhi insimu - abantu.

"Inkululeko ehlane womhlwanyeli." ukuhlaziya

Mayelana nokuchazwa ukucabanga Pushkin ikakhulukazi hhayi zinkulu. Enkondlweni yayo, imbongi uzifanisa umhlwanyeli enkululeko, elisebenza imiphumela ledvumatako ngempela. Ngakho, kudumazeka, nokudangala imbongi. "Inkululeko ehlane umhlwanyeli" - ivesi okushiwo kungenziwa ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye ezimbili oluyinhlanganisela. Umuzwa wokuqala sublime ithoni abeneme lesibili, washintsha ukuba uthukuthele.

Pushkin ebusheni bakhe bokuqala (kanye nabo bonke abantu abasha ngaleso sikhathi) waba ngokoqobo itheleleke nge imiqondo Revolution. Wayekholelwa ikusasa fair zabo ezweni, lapho kuyoba autocracy nonya futhi ebugqilini. Kwakudingeka ukuba amaningi kuwo imibono yaba yinhlekelele yaphela izixhumanisi isigwebo sokufa.

inkululeko abathanda isosha esihlatshelelwayo

Yini Pushkin wabhala e inkondlo yakhe "Freedom umhlwanyeli ehlane '? Ukuhlaziya umsebenzi wezinkondlo, kungabonwa ukuthi wabhala eziningi zezinkondlo inkululeko-onothando, futhi nguye efana "inzalo" obekumele ukuvusa izingqondo bhá emphakathini ukulwa. Wayefuna ukuhlale ezidingekayo futhi ewusizo kubantu bakhe. Esikhathini imisebenzi imbongi wazizwa ukubukwa enenqubekela phambili futhi zisho amazwi abonisa ukushisekela izwe. Inkosi, yebo, ngeke ukuthethelela, futhi ukuyimukisa kusukela dolobha eNyakatho Melika uye eNingizimu isixhumanisi, lapho Pushkin liyinkathi kwande kakhulu, kodwa ngokushesha kakhulu-ke nizowafica ukuphoxeka.

ukuqonda

Kuzindla Isiphelo sakhe futhi efingqa umsebenzi, Pushkin wabhala "Freedom umhlwanyeli ehlane" - ivesi, lapho uzama ukudlulisela kubantu umphakathi wacabanga yini inkululeko futhi isifiso ukushintsha indlela yabo yokuphila ukuze ziphila umpofu kakhulu. Kodwa abazange bazilalele ucingo imbongi kanye baba ngaye esigabeni, okuyinto akuzange kudingeke izipho inkululeko. Inkondlo "Freedom umhlwanyeli ehlane" Pushkin wadala esikhathini ukhanyisele, lapho eqaphela ukuthi ulahle isikhathi sabo esiningi namandla - abantu abampofu bazimisele ngokuncane, futhi abacebile bayohlale ukusetshenziswa umusa wakhe.

Poet wahlambalaza, kodwa uyaqaphela ukuthi wayengeke akwazi ukushintsha sengqondo Russian abantu, owakhiwa ukubekezela nokuthobeka. It ufuna ukudlulisela umqondo wokuba inkondlo Pushkin sika "Freedom umhlwanyeli ehlane." Ukuhlaziya ngokuphila Pushkin sika, kuyafaneleka ukuthi kuzothatha isikhathi esithile, futhi imibono yakhe wamavukelambuso ukushintsha. Yena pomudreet zijwayeza phansi kancane, kodwa Kuyinto edabukisayo ukuthi isiphetho wathatha ku elinokuthula nelilondekile beshadile futhi bejabule, yingakho isikhathi esincane kakhulu.