Gamma ngemisebe. Yini esiyaziyo lesi simanga?

Bayingcosana kithi uyazi lomkhuba gamma emisebeni ye, ngoba akuthina sonke unolwazi olukhethekile emkhakheni physics.

Ngakho, gamma emisebeni ingenye izinhlobo eziningi emisebeni kagesi. Nombono kulokhu lincane kakhulu, njengoba igagasi yayo izakhiwo. Umlando kokutholakala emisebeni waqala eminyakeni engaphezu kwekhulu edlule. Ngo-1900, lesi simanga uvulekele ngomunye izazi sesayensi yemvelo French - Paul Willard. Futhi kwakukhona lokhu okutholakele ngengozi ngenxa ekutadisheni Radium.

Gamma imisebe ahlukile futhi benezingane eziningi izakhiwo esiyingqayizivele. izinqubo Main kwenzeke phezu Ukungena emisebeni ngokusebenzisa uhlobo oluthile izinto. Umthelela Photoelectric lwemishayo esekelwe okuvela electron izidakamizwa lapho wadalula ekukhanyeni. Umthelela Photoelectric kulesi simo kungaba kwangaphandle nangekhatsi.

Compton umphumela - kwesinye isakhiwo gamma radiation, futhi ifanelwe cwaningo olukhethekile. Kulokhu kukhona nokwanda we wave kagesi. Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa kwatholakala emuva ngo-1923.

Iyamatanisa - esinye isici esiyingqayizivele wale misebe gamma. Ngenxa yalokho, ezithile ukuphendula quantum etholakala maphakathi core, futhi iba electron kanye positron. Kodwa ngenxa umphumela emisebeni yenuzi gamma enjalo ray zikhiqiza uyakwazi nucleons. Gamma emisebeni isetshenziselwa ezweni lanamuhla emikhakheni ehlukahlukene yokuphila komuntu. Gamma icala imitshina, isibonelo, ikuvumela ukuba iqaphe umsebenzi kumadivayisi amaningi kanye nemikhiqizo elinemisebe ekhethekile. Ukulondoloza imikhiqizo eminingi futhi senzeka usebenzisa imishayo efanayo. Kulokhu, impilo eshalofini of workpieces is kakhulu anda, futhi mayelana nanoma yisiphi imiphumela elimazayo futhi zonke kungaba kungabaza.

Ukusebenzisa izinqubo of imishini inzalo, amathuluzi yezokwelapha, abanye imikhiqizo ukudla ayeba gamma ngemisebe. Kwezokwelapha, lezi imisebe atholakala endaweni yesicelo. Nge radiotherapy, isib, iphathwa isibalo esikhulu izinhlobonhlobo izimila ebulalayo. Ngiyavuma, lena isandla esibalulekile ekuthuthukiseni imithi, ngoba kukude izidakamizwa ngamunye. Lapho usebenzisa i-gamma rays sibona imiphumela ngempela okuhle wokwelapha isifo somdlavuza futhi ngezindleko iphansana. Futhi ngokuvamile, gamma ray ngenxa izakhiwo zabo ethize kungenzeka kakhulu kuthuthukiswe imithi phambili.

Gamma Ray iyingxenye yokwakheka komhlaba. Ukusebenzisa imithombo ehlukahlukene gamma emisebeni ye, izazi zokuma komhlaba ziye olinganise kwemithombo ejulile. Kodwa-gamma-altimeter - indlela ukunquma ngokunembile ibanga ngu -mkhathi. Okungukuthi, idatha emisebeni wathola bekholelwa e ukuhlola umkhathi, yokuma komhlaba, futhi imithi, futhi emsebenzini. Kodwa zonke lezi ezicini ezinhle emisebeni gamma has nemiphumela ethile engathandeki eziningana, okuyinto kudingeka babe ukwazi. Ngenxa contact isikhathi eside nge misebe, isibonelo, kukhona eziyingozi isifo - emisebeni ukugula. Umphumela emibi kakhulu ukuchayeka abanjalo bangabaphostoli izinhlobo ezahlukene izifo umdlavuza.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi ray futhi imiphumela teratogenic emzimbeni, eliphumela kuguquka kanye ukuphazamiseka kwe-fetus yentuthuko evamile. Eqinisweni, emisebeni gamma - kungcono emisebeni esifanayo, ka esikuzwile, kodwa mayelana nokuthi iziphi izinhlelo kangako. Nakuba lapho lusetshenziswa ngemithamo emincane, nokusetshenziswa yesimanje idatha imishini ekushayweni kungaba lula kakhulu futhi kuthuthukise umsebenzi womuntu!