Into futhi isihloko othile wezifundo zezombusazwe

isayensi Political - isayensi study zonke izici nezwe ezombangazwe, amasiko alo, lwezenhlalo, ngokwengqondo, zezikhungo, futhi izici zokuma kwezwe. Futhi iyini ezombusazwe? Impendulo yalo mbuzo ingase iqonde enezici, njengoba definition eqondile futhi ecacile leli qiniso sisekhona. Nokho, muva nje, kwamukelwa kabanzi inqubomgomo domain yomphakathi ezihlobene ukuxhumana ekilasini ezahlukene, yobuhlanga, namaqembu omphakathi e isinqumo zezinkinga ukunqoba, nokugcinwa kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamandla wombuso. Lona ngokoqobo kwanoma yiliphi ilizwe ophucuzekile.

Into futhi isihloko othile wezifundo zezombusazwe

Ezombusazwe kuthatha ekutadisheni zonke izici jikelele bezimiso zezombangazwe, ngokulandelana, into kwezinhloso zenzuzo kuye iqiniso sezombangazwe sembulunga yonke. Kodwa lokhu ngokoqobo ezicini ezihlukahlukene cwaningo kanye neminye imikhakha yesayensi - nefilosofi, Psychology, kwabantu, umlando , njll Lokho ikuvumela ukuba agcizelele isayensi yezombangazwe ngokuthi igatsha ahlukene ulwazi lwesayensi? Lona isihloko cwaningo. Kodwa lapha isikhathi eside, ososayensi zezombusazwe akakwazanga ukuza ukuvumelana futhi incazelo ecacile mayelana nale ndaba kwale sayensi. Kuphela ngo-1948 iqembu ochwepheshe abavela kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu futhi i-United States wayiveza le nkinga, wafunda isayensi yezombangazwe. Lezi zihlanganisa: nomlando wezepolitiki, izinhlangano zezombusazwe kanye nezinhlangano zomphakathi, izinhlangano party nokunyakaza, kanye kwamaZwe.

ukubukeka zempikiswano esikhungweni into futhi isihloko othile wezifundo zezombusazwe ixhunyiwe lokuqala zonke benesifiso yososayensi abaningi Western zezombusazwe uhlukanise isayensi ibe imikhakha emibili - isicelo kanye theory. Ngakho, ekuqaleni kwawo-isazi American zenzeka ekhulwini lamashumi amabili Seymour Lipset usunike igatsha ezimele kwabantu yezombusazwe futhi iphathwa isihloko oyiyo ucwaningo kanye nokusebenza izikhungo zombuso kanye amaqembu ahlukahlukene ezombusazwe kanye nokuxhumana yabo emphakathini. Abacwaningi abaningi baye basikisela ngemva S.Lipsetom ukuhlonza wezifundo zezombusazwe kanye kwabantu zezombusazwe kanye nesayensi ephathelene nezombusazwe ziye zavela into kanje: izifundo zendlela umphakathi isebenzisa izinhlangano zezombusazwe ezilawula ukuphila kwakhe, futhi aqoqana imibono ezombusazwe ngendlela.

Kodwa phela ukwesekwa jikelele umbono wokuthi isayensi zezombusazwe - isayensi ihlanganiswe, kuhlanganise izici eziningi isifundo esiphathelene nomphakathi futhi, ngokufanelekile, into futhi isihloko othile wezifundo zezombusazwe kuhlanganisa izingxenye eziningana ezinkulu. Lezi zihlanganisa: izinga lepolitiki ukwazi e umphakathi; izinhlangano zezombusazwe, amaqembu kanye namaqembu; inter-state futhi naphakathi-zezombusazwe ukuxhumana; izikhonzi ezombusazwe, okungukuthi, umuntu, iqembu kwezenhlalo, abaholi bezombusazwe kanye elite zokuphatha.

Isihloko kanye indlela othile wezifundo zezombusazwe

isayensi yezombangazwe ngokuthi isethi wesayensi ezahlukene, ne izinto ngazinye, izindlela, futhi lisondela ekutadisheni imihlola ezindabeni zezombangazwe zomphakathi, munye kuphela into nabo - ngokoqobo zezombusazwe. Ezombusazwe luhlanganisa nezitolo zonke wathola nezinye social sciences ulwazi futhi ocwaningweni ukuphila kwawo ngokuqondene nezombusazwe enezici. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isifundo futhi into othile wezifundo zezombusazwe ingachazwa njenge ekutadisheni ubudlelwane kwezepolitiki leyehlukehlukene isebenze nokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlangano ezehlukene zezepolitiki kumasistimu ezahlukene zikahulumeni, ukutadisha ukuphila kwawo ngokuqondene nezombusazwe abantu, amaqembu elibusayo kanye nokuxhumana yabo sinombono ukufaka kanye nokugcina amandla.

Yiqiniso, ukutadisha lezi zenzakalo senzeka usebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene ngokwesayensi. Iyini indlela? Lo mklamo namakhono athile nezindlela ukulungiswa bekuphumelele ulwazi lwesayensi. Ngo yesimanje izifundo wezifundo zezombusazwe ukusebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene kokubili bendabuko futhi abasafufusa. Traditional kuzomele sifake zomlando, ukuqhathanisa, imikhuba zezikhungo, zakamuva - izindlela uchwepheshe kwezivivinyo, imidlalo ibhizinisi, izindlela sekulingisa, ukwakhiwa kanye ukumodeliswa zezibalo.

Ukubuka eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi impikiswano nganoma into futhi isihloko othile wezifundo zezombusazwe uchaza indlela kokuvamile yehlukene kaningi okubalwa kule igatsha ulwazi lwesayensi, esakhiwa iqoqo eyala ezimele yezesayensi ukutadisha ezicini ezithile kuphela zokuphila zezombusazwe nokuba yayo nodaba futhi indlela yocwaningo.