Ezalwa futhi wafa Nikitin? Poet Nikitin Ivan Savvich

Ivan Savich Nikitin - imbongi abanamakhono futhi umbhali owenze isiqondiso izinkondlo lamadlelo. Umbhali imisebenzi kakhulu abantu. observation yakhe bemvelo umphefumulo zabantu abavamile kuyabamangaza. Nikitin Ivan Savich, isithombe ekumeni ethulwa esihlokweni, ngisho bonke uhlamvu yayo evinces yobukhulu umoya kanye ukuphila kwakhe okukhulu.

Isikhathi emlandweni

Tingcikitsi main ezincwadini Russian kwekhulu XIX kwaba emzabalazweni kumelwene nombuso autocracy futhi serfdom. Isikhathi, wazalwa nini futhi wafa Nikitin - inkathi of emzabalazweni wokulwa feudalism, kukhuphula umoya wokushisekela izwe nokuzalwa ukuhamba Decembrists.

Weza ngaphansi kwethonya izincwadi ngaleso sikhathi Ivan Savich. Yena, isiqondiso imbongi Nekrasov sika, avame ngesineke emsebenzini wakhe futhi kwezakhi eliphansi lokuphila emphakathini. izinkondlo lakhe esivela indaba, okuyinto sazibonakalisa ngokucacile abalimi kanye abampofu ezisemadolobheni. Ngokuvamile ngemisebenzi umbhali ungathola ukunkenketha ukuphila kwakhe. ubumpofu Siqu waphefumulela imbongi ukusebenza.

Imbongi ethile yabhala, ukuthatha njengesibonelo imisebenzi Nekrasov futhi Koltsov, kodwa lokhu akuzange kumvimbe ukuthuthukisa isitayela sakhe.

Leso senzakalo, isici abantu abaningi ngaleso sikhathi, yamqinisa ngophawu ngaphezu ngala mavesi Ivan Savich Nikitin. Omfushane kumbhali - iyona ubuhlungu nenjabulo inkathi yomlando Russian.

imbongi wakhula

Ivana Savvicha Nikitina ukuphila kwakunzima kusukela ekuqaleni. Kodwa, mhlawumbe, tente yonke indlela, ukhanda ngabe wamnika ithalente.

Nikitin, imbongi esizayo, wazalwa ngo-October 3, 1824 ku Voronezh, emndenini elula esezingeni eliphakathi nendawo. Uyise wayengumGreki yomthengisi namakhandlela ngenkathi imali enhle. Kusukela esemncane wafunda ukuzifundela nokubhala izicathulo umakhelwane. Injabulo enkulu yomntwana waletha nemvelo. Kwaphela amahora ingabe wayengazithethelela sizungeze endaweni ukuba babone izinguquko emhlabeni. Ubuhlobo abazali lamabutho wengane akuzona uvalo.

"Ngiyajabula lo hlala ekwindla: umsindo isixuku akubekezeleleki kimi" - kamuva wabhala Nikitin Ivan Savvich.

Ubaba kwadingeka izinhlelo ezinkulu ngesikhathi indodana yakhe, kanjalo wamthumela ukufunda esikoleni sabefundisi. Kwakulapho, lo mfana ezama ukubhala izinkondlo okokuqala.

zokuba umuntu omdala Early

Kuyilapho intandane waya ekhaya izinkinga uqalise. ibhizinisi lomndeni engazange asungule, loyise waqala ukuphuza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngohlamvu cool kakhulu, waba umlutha ingilazi futhi unina imbongi. Ngenxa yezinkinga zomkhaya guy azange abe ukufunda, futhi ngokushesha wayesebika uma ngixoshwa esikoleni. Kusukela edeskini esikoleni, wasukuma esitolo esiphikisayo ikhandlela.

Emva kwesikhashana nomama bafa Ivan Savich. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, ibhizinisi ngokwayo isiphelile ngokuphelele. Futhi into kuphela eyenza Man ujabule, baba izincwadi. Nokho, kungenzeka ukuba bayakhohlwa iphupho eyunivesithi.

Ukufisa ubuhle

Ngakho ngokudabukisayo sekudlule iminyaka yokuphila kwakhe Nikitina Ivana Savvicha. Ukusebenza kanzima, umashiqela, ubaba odakiwe futhi ngimpunga, omunye efanayo ngakolunye izinsuku. Kodwa inhlansi ukuthi ngadonsa imbongi ethile ukuba ephelele, isimiso ingakwazi ukuyikhokhela. Yena esifisa art okusezingeni eliphezulu, futhi alupheli lehla ukuncela umsebenzi Pushkin, Gogol, uShakespeare, futhi Belinsky esithandayo. What uhlala esitolo ikhandlela, umuntu omusha izinguquko yezihambi. Phakathi amakhasimende odakiwe njalo ezinomsindo, imbongi esizayo wakwazi ninikele isikhathi ukubhala izinkondlo.

Mnyewu Nikitin enesizungu ezitholakala kulezi zikhathi esifushane ujabule kunokuyidla e yihlane ongenangqondo isikhathi ukukhuluma nabantu. Kancane kancane ke eqala ukukhuluphala imbongi. Amavesi Ivan Savich Nikitin esifushane kodwa kahle namaculo futhi kube nenjongo.

Isinyathelo sokuqala empumelelweni

Ngo-November 1853, insizwa zanquma ukubathumela imisebenzi yabo eya kumhleli. Basuke eyanyatheliswa ngo "Voronezh Provincial Gazette." Khona-ke umlobi we zokuqala "I. N. ". Lapho amaphephandaba wasebenza Nikolay Vtorov, ongeyena nje nesithakazelo imbongi abasha, kodwa ngemva baba wakhe omkhulu.

Umsebenzi wathola ngokushesha wokubuyekezwa okuvumelekile ngikulethile udumo ukuba imbongi abasha. Nikitin Ivan Savvich saba 'owalandela "Koltsov. Yena lidumisa uhlobo enhle emisebenzini yakhe umsindo uthando emhlabeni, igubha ubuhle okusebenzayo indoda elula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusukela wayemuhle endilingeni lezihlakaniphi. Ekugcineni, uzungeza emphakathini wabantu nguye nesithakazelo.

Omunye izinkondlo ezintathu, wakuthuma umhleli, kwaba "Rus". Kulesi umsebenzi wazwakalisa ubuhlungu bakhe imizwelo yokushisekela izwe elihlobene ne-neMpi YaseCrimea.

entwasahlobo Pierian

Naphezu udumo, ukuphila hero indaba yethu ayikashintshi kakhulu. Poet Nikitin Ivan Savvich akayekanga ukufuna ukuzibandakanya yezihambi. Ubaba namanje baphuza, kodwa iminyaka 1854-1856 ubudlelwano phakathi kwabo kancane kushintshwe. Isibhakabhaka ezazikhona egcekeni, ngokuvamile liphefumulelwe umbhali. Ungase zivame izingxoxo zabantu abavamile, yokucebisa umcabango izithombe ezintsha, ukubukela grey, kodwa ezithakazelisayo ukuphila. Futhi ngakho-ke kwakudingekile ukuba lokusungula Nikitin.

Futhi kule minyaka imbongi eyingoduso azethembe imfundo, bajwayelana imisebenzi zabanye abalobi, isiFulentshi.

Yeka ukuthi lingakanani ithonya ezifihliwe ezingokomoya imbongi

Ehlobo lika-1855 imbongi wabanjwa umkhuhlane ngoba ukubhukuda futhi bangawusebenzisa impilo ebuthaka kakade. Ngaleso sikhathi, ephenduka ukuze ukholo futhi ethulula imizwa yakhe izinkondlo. Ngo izikhathi zokudabuka ngepeni bakhe beza izinkondlo ezifana "Umkhuleko" (1851), "ITestamente Elisha" (1853), "I ubumnandi womthandazo '(1854). Lona yenkolo kunazo zonke ekuphileni kwakhe Nikitina Ivana Savvicha. umkhiqizo iDemo uthinte ngokujulile alula futhi kokuqukethwe ukujula:

"Awu Nkulunkulu wami! Ngiphe amandla intando,

Uma ophikayo uthole nokubulala. "

Ngo-1857, Voronezh ishiya omunye nabangane abambalwa imbongi Nikolay Vtorov. On the ukuhlaselwa master ipeni melancholy, ngesikhathi ushiya amandla akhe okudala. Kodwa nokho isimo for kuyisikhathi eside ibusa phezu imbongi, nalokho okwamehlela, imizwelo edikibalisayo futhi ukukhathala, yena Splashes ephepheni. Ngakho, ngonyaka ozayo kusukela usiba lwayo ngaphandle umkhiqizo "Fist". A a baxgeki nkondlo bese abafundi baqonda kahle.

Ngokuphila kwakhe "Fist"

Eminyakeni wazalwa nini futhi wafa Nikitin, umqondo babukhona nakwa-Russia njengoba "isibhakela".

Libhekisela umthengisi inzuzo kusukela ukuthi obmeryaet, isisindo okungalungile futhi abantu abadukisayo. The hero main lomkhiqizo - umthengisi Lukic. Yena ngazo ngokuzibulala akulungile futhi indlela udumo wokuphila, unganqikazi ukweba, ukufakaza amanga futhi bakopele. Lezi kancane izinto zobuqili - kuphela ngenxa lokho ayephila futhi umndeni wakhe. Inkondlo kancane oluchaza. Umnini-sitolo nomkakhe - abazali kombhali. Wachaza izigcawu zokuphila kwansuku zonke - kungcono amaphuzu ukuthi wabona ngamehlo ayo.

Inkondlo "Fist" kwaba iziqephu ukuphila ocebile kakhulu. Yiso incazelo fresh futhi othakazelisayo nemvelo. Kukhona izingxenye ezingase babe izinkondlo ezimele, uma sithathwa emongweni. Inkondlo ufanelwe isihloko ingcebo zesizwe. Ngo ayikho enye incwadi alimchazi ukuphila ngokucace kangaka.

Imbongi wakhula kwakunzima, futhi "Fist" - kuyinto ngezinga elithile yomlando wakhe. lapho ukuphuza kwakuvamile kakhulu Ivan Savich Nikitin wahlala isikhathi. Inkondlo kubonise ngokugcwele ngaleso sikhathi isimo Empire Russian. Ngakho-ke, echaza izinkinga zomkhaya wakhe, wachaza zonke ke umphakathi.

Sunset ukuphila iDemo

Ngemva konyaka, ngo-1858, abadedela iqoqo yabo yesibili izinkondlo. Abagxeki awawazisanga umsebenzi, kodwa lokho akuzange kuwumise imbongi ukwenza yini ayithandayo. Uyaqhubeka ukufunda futhi manje wahlanganyela translation, esiza kuye ukwazi ngokujulile yomhlaba ocebile ezincwadi.

Ngo-February 1859 Nikitin kuvula esitolo sezincwadi, lapho isananyathiselwe emtatsheni wezincwadi. Ngo Voronezh, isitolo kuba isikhungo samasiko abantu abavamile nezihlakaniphi.

Ngaleso sikhathi, lapho wazalwa futhi wafa Nikitin, lawa ezitolo ezidayisa uqoqa izingqondo bhá emphakathini.

Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, impilo imbongi sika saqala ukwehla. Uma izwa okuhle, umsebenzi wakhe is ahlanganiswe imisebenzi emisha. Nokho, phakathi nokugula imbongi ayikwazanga abe nesithakazelo cishe lutho ngalokho ayekubona.

"Diary ophuma esikoleni sobufundisi," imbongi wabhala ngonyaka ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe. Kwakuwumsebenzi wakhe wokuqala temibhalo yephrozi.

Izimali lokusungula wamvumela lokuba umuntu azimele ngokwezimali.

Uphile kahle, wahamba kakhulu, ngokuvakashela Petersburg naseMoscow, is bahileleke ukukhula kwamasiko Voronezh bomdabu.

Meyi 1861 kwafakazela inhlekelele hero indaba yethu. Poet abandayo, isikhathi eside futhi kanzima balwa nalesi sifo.

Akulula, olunameva kwaba yomlando wakhe. Ivan Savich Nikitin ebulawa isifo sofuba 16 Okthoba 1861 eneminyaka engu-37 eminyakeni.

akhe okudala uhambo isikhathi wayeneminyaka engamashumi 8 kuphela ubudala.

Imbongi wembelwa okusha Amathuna Mitrophanievskoye eduze kwenye imvelo vospevatelem - Koltsov.

Le mbongi wedwa wazalwa nini, futhi wafa Nikitin futhi iyodwa. Ngenxa yesimo avaliwe umuntu kwakunzima ukuzwana nabantu. Umama washona abasha. Kepha uyise, ngisho nalapho indodana yakhe esezokufa, akazange adikibale ibhodlela.

Nikitin phakathi nesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe ayedumile. Kwathatha iminyaka ecishe ibe ikhulu ezimbili kusukela kwazalwa imbongi kanye izinkondlo zakhe ekhazimulisa nemvelo, ubuzwe ngokunembile adlulisa izithombe abantu namanje ezithakazelisayo futhi ezifanele.