Euphorbia: izinhlobo nezincazelo zawo. Euphorbia, noma spurge: zokutshala nokukhiqizwa

Euphorbia noma Euphorbia iphathelene emndenini omkhulu Euphorbiaceae. Lokhu sitshalo esimangalisayo. Njengoba ligcwele kuzo spurge emhlabeni wonke. Izinhlobo imithombo yayo ezahlukene babe phakathi 800 ne-1600 izitshalo ezahlukene. Kuyinto zisetshenziswa kanye yonyaka utshani, izihlahla kanye nezihlahla. Okwesihlanu lalobubutjhaba itholakala kuphela eNingizimu futhi eNkabeni Ye-Afrika.

isitshalo Spurge likhula eRussia emaphakathi. It kungabonakala phezu seduze kwemigwaqo, amasimu, lomfula. Abafundi bethu abaningi bazi spurge (izinhlobo zikhule ezindaweni yeRussia). Futhi abalandeli zezitshalo zasendlini Ngokuqinisekile ngiyazi zilwane zakhe zokuhlobisa.

Izakhiwo kanye Izicelo

Kufanele bazi ukuthi wonke amalungu alo mkhaya aqukethe juice Milky, okuyinto enobuthi kakhulu. Iqukethe izinto kungabangela ukusha, ukuvuvukala okunzima nolwelwesi lwamafinyila. Uma esiswini, lokho kungase kubangele kokunikezwa kwe-wokugaya ukudla pheshana imisebenzi. Ngakho-ke, ukuze ubhekane naso kufanele niqaphele kakhulu lapho esebenza nabo ukugqoka amagilavu.

izakhiwo ezinobuthi of spurges Afrika ayevame abazingeli bakhiqiza arrowheads obulalayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sitshalo milkweed isetshenziswa abantu imithi. Ukusetshenziswa Its kwezinye izifo we nezinso, ukuze kubulawe izinzwa, laxative, i anthelminthic. Isetshenziselwa njengenhlangano antacid for ukulunywa izilwane ezinesihluku esedlulele.

Kungenzeka Abafundi bethu abaningi bezwa ukuthi enkulu ekwakhekeni amakha for amakhorali okhilimu isicelo spurge. Izinhlobo ezinye izitshalo alo mkhaya asetshenziselwa zenjoloba. Kukhona izinhlobonhlobo milkweed ukuthi abantu badle futhi lisetshenziswa njengendlela okuphakelayo emfuyo.

Euphorbia: Izinhlobo

Asikwazi ngisho kancane ukuchaza zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo. Noma kunjalo, sizozama ngikuxoxele okungenani ezinye zazo.

Molochay- "cactus"

Ngomqondo evamile, lokhu isitshalo uyibize ngokuthi umdolofiya. Eqinisweni, lingelikaJehova uhlobo lwe Euphorbia. Igama layo lesi-ke empeleni sifana cactus, kodwa uhluke ukuthi unakho efihlekile nezimbali. Kwezicubu kukhona ubisi Milky ezimhlophe, ezinesihlungu ukuze abantu. "Cactus" -molochay kungokwalabo bohlobo, okuyinto ezihlukahlukene omkhulu yemihlobo ehlukeneko.

Lesi sitshalo has a esingunxantathu ezinkulu, esinamanzi sifanamsindvo. isiqu Straight ngokunakekela efanele afinyelele a ukuphakama 2-3 amamitha. Amahlumela basuke esilinganayo ngokulinganayo kanye azungezwe we stem. On ubuso kwakhona ameva sinombala elibomvu futhi eshiya okusaqanda aminyene mayelana 5 cm ubude.

Kukhona zinhlobo nge jointed komunye nomunye futhi wambozwa ophuzi speckles amahlumela. Lezi zihlanganisa lokhu okulandelayo:

• Abyssinian;
• esingunxantathu;
• esingunxantathu;
• Canarian.

kulinywe

Khulisa "cactus" -molochay kufanele ngaso +18 ... + 20 degrees. Kukhona izinhlobo ukubekezelela okushisa aphansi (4 - 5). Kulokhu-ke kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka imali eyanele ukukhanya nezitshalo eyayenziwe ukukhulisa lokushisa umhlabathi. Imbali zingafakwa eduze heater.

"Cactus" -molochay ngete takhula ngaphandle kokukhanya. It is kahle kubekezelelwe elangeni, emoyeni elomile akusho zihlupheka ngenxa yokuntuleka ukuthambisa. Ebusika, konke wayeka ukuchelela kanye ukuvuselela umswakama ngesikhathi kusukela entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla.

Isiqu futhi amagatsha akufanele moisturize njengoba usungaqala abolile. Ngenxa yokuthi lesi sitshalo embozwe spikes, uthuli kuwo aphakanyisiwe phehla ibhulashi.

spurge Umncele

Kuyinto yonyaka herbaceous isitshalo ukuba uqonde, esinezimila ezinabantu sifanamsindvo. ukuphakama wabo 70 cm. Amaqabunga oluhlaza ukukhanya, okweqanda. usebe White ububanzi, okuyinto wanika igama simila uzoqala ukuba amaqabunga elingenhla izimbali.

Euphorbia insephe ukubukeka olubabazeka kakhulu nge bracts esikhulu esimhlophe kule nkathi. Bush izitshalo esikhathini izimbali efana Snowball enkulu. Mhlawumbe yingakho wanikwa amanye amagama, "Snow Intaba", "umakoti", "iqhwa ekuseni." Izimbali izitshalo kusukela maphakathi no-June ngenyanga kakhulu.

Euphorbia insephe uthanda ilanga. Emthunzini Pines futhi baze ngisho babulawe. Umhlabathi ukhetha okuxekethile, elinothile, ene-asidi kancane. Lokhu izihlahlana esabelayo ukuvundiswa njalo umquba umquba, amaminerali. Awukwazi ukubekezelela waterlogging.

Singasho okusakazwa cuttings kanye imbewu. Sika cuttings kumele ibe phakathi amahora 2-3 ukubamba ngamanzi afudumele. Lokhu kuzosiza ukuba ukukhethwa juice, okuyinto akuvumeli isitshalo singagxila ayeke. Khona-ke lo cuttings "podvyalivayut" esingangesonto emoyeni ezingeni lokushisa 22 degrees. Ngemva kwalokho, angase itshalwe esihlabathini futhi Peat umhlabathi.

Euphorbia uPallas

Elinye ilungu herbaceous bomkhaya Euphorbiaceae. It has izihloko ezimbili - spurge uPallas futhi Fisher. It has a evuthiwe futhi enamandla kakhulu ohlelweni impande.

I neziqu milkweed ukufinyelela 25 cm ubude, bavame pubescent. Ihamba obukhulu, obuluhlaza tinge ensundu. Isimo sabo kuncike ukuthi zikuphi esiqwini. Umbelliform inflorescence izimbali ifomu. Impande yalo milkweed uPallas tortuous, obukhulu, namanzi. Izimbali zezitshalo kwenzeka ngoMeyi.

Kuyinto esimila sendawo ukuthi kutholakala kuphela yeChina, eMongolia kanye Transbaikalia. Ngokuvamile, kungabonwa emithambekeni asemaqeleni kanye nenhlabathi ezinamadwala omahhadla.

Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi uPallas spurge - kuba mandrake abadumile ephakathi. Leli bhukulwazi ka-Tibetan imithi, eyayisetshenziswa kusukela esikhathini uGenghis Khan, wathola Ukukhuluma zalesi sihlahla ngale laxative futhi anthelmintic. Abelaphi eSiberia kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo wabaphatha isifo wesilisa, isifo sofuba, izimila. It babekholelwa ukuthi impande yawo unekhono ukunikeza nobungqabavu kanye zidonse isikhathi eside intsha.

ayelapha

Okwamanje, imithi yendabuko uPallas spurge ungayisebenzisi, kodwa abayeki ucwaningo lwezesayensi okuhloswe ngaso ukutadisha impahla yayo kanye nokusungulwa. Ngokwesibonelo, uye wathola ukuthi amalungiselelo equkethe juice kusukela empandeni isitshalo, futhi kujwayeleke ibhalansi hormone ku wesilisa ngenxa okuqukethwe kulo fitoandrogenov. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona umsebenzi anticoagulant we milkweed, okunikeza ithemba ukuthi maduze lisetshenziswe nokwelashwa kweziguli hemocoagulation ebucayi.

Ukuthaka imithi ngendlela esekelwe isitshalo inikezwe has nethonya elilimaza kakhulu izitshalo fungal zinqanda ukukhula isimila cells. Lokhu kuchazwe khona izimpande lactones ethize, ekwazi ukulwa umsebenzi lwesimila.

Folk abelaphi wasebenzisa izidakamizwa baqede milkweed uPallas ekwelapheni wegazi. abelaphi Chinese ukwelapha isifo sofuba amathambo futhi uhlelo lymph. Tibet decoction we izimpande, okuyinto okulungiselelwe iresiphi ekhethekile, ngempumelelo aphathe yalesisifo. Abelapha abaningi batusa ukuthatha uPallas spurge nge lesizalo fibroids futhi mastitis. Kodwa akufanele self-medicate, bonana nodokotela wakho.

Izimo

Ukusetshenziswa kwalesi simila akuyona efiselekayo uma hypersensitive. Njengoba kuyintando anobuthi, uma kungenzeka ukweqisa izidakamizwa sohudo kuxutshaniswe negazi, ukuhlanza, inhliziyo isigqi thuthuva.

engadini milkweed

Kuyinto herbaceous isitshalo yonyaka omndeni Euphorbiaceae. Garden milkweed ekhula 25 cm. I sifanamsindvo kukhona obukhulu futhi esinamanzi, nezinwabuzelayo. Kaningi kufanele ISIZINDA evuvukele. Amahlamvu zisesikhathini 3 cm ubude kokuba i ijamo side. Glass insimbi emise, mayelana 1.5 cm. Ngaphakathi imfushane-onezinwele ezimhloshana, 4 nectary ngilugweda phezulu, emincane. Chashechkovidny perianth kabi ebonakalayo. Izimbali spurge-June-September.

Lesi sitshalo kuvamile Ukraine, abahlala engxenyeni ephakathi ye-Russia, e-Upper iVolga, iVolga-Don, Black Sea izifunda. Kancane kancane ezivamile Belarus, ne eCaucasus. Luyakhula njengoba ukhula enhlabathini otshaliwe: emasimini, amasimu izingadi.

Ngenhloso zokwelapha, kusetshenziswa utshani juice nezimpande zalesi sihlahla. It has emetic, laxative futhi isenzo keratoplastic.

Lamanzi Milky isetshenziselwa ongaphandle - yokususa corns, warts, ubudala izindawo. amalungiselelo Imithi equkethe isitshalo juice Kunconywa somoya bronchial, nomdlavuza wesibindi, isisu kwesibeletho. Lesi sitshalo iyi-zinambuzane ngempumelelo yokulwa izinambuzane.

spurge ezincane-fruited

Plant we Euphorbiaceae umndeni, ukhulele 80 cm ubude, angenalutho noma kancane pubescent. Small spurge berried has a ezinwabuzelayo, impande asamicwana. Single noma ngamanani amancane sifanamsindvo Are uqonde. Ngenhla mayelana 11 axillary ube neziqu ku-8 cm ubude, izikhathi bangabi khona. legatsha Netsvetuschie akukho.

Cauline eshiya robur, sessile, 35 mm ubude, 9 mm ububanzi. Zingase tapered ngasesinqeni, komugqa-spatulate, okweqanda-eqondile, komugqa-filiform.

Kusukela 4 kuya 12 sifanamsindvo - elula noma bifid. Ingilazi campanulate, ububanzi mayelana 2 mm. Ngaphandle angenalutho uye babanjwa noma insephe blade. Blooms ngasekupheleni May - ekuqaleni kuka July.

Napiform trohoreshnik - izithelo zalesi sitshalo. It has a ubude 3 mm, ububanzi - 4 mm. Izithelo bushelelezi laphetha, elitholakala kuphela ngemuva-wrinkly blade lumpy.

imbewu encane - 1,5-2 mm, ovoid, abushelelezi, sinombala noma lemicu empunga elinamathela othini onsundu. Caruncle umzimba, isicaba. Izimbali ekuqaleni kuka June.

spurge ezingenamaqabunga

Kakhulu branched futhi nalapho ziklabile ongaphakeme kokuba 2-3 ingxenye. Bona arched, umbala ukukhanya green. Isigaba ngasinye has a ubude 8 cm ubukhulu - 6 mm. Lesi simila enhle isetshenziselwa engadini nekhaya kulinywe. EYurophu lehla ngokushesha inani it is ngokuvamile ezifuywa njengenhlangano amnandi zasendlini.

North spurge

Shrub kokuba mpo impande main ukhuni mncane. Euphorbia North - shrub-40 cm has orthotropic okuzala amahlumela .. Zingaba elula, eyodwa noma okufutshane amahlumela lateral. Okushukunyiswa e ukujiya ingeqi 1.5 mm ngasesinqeni se olubushelelezi, cylindrical, luhlaza Pinkish.

Utshani-izimpande eshiya zibe maholoholo, elincane, ensundu. Medial eshiya ayisekho kuka-4 cm, ububanzi - 8 mm.

inflorescence isambulela has kusukela 4 kuya kwezingu-8 elula, ngezinye izikhathi bifid izambulela apical. 4 noma 5 nectaries ensundu, ezimbili zinezimpondo. Amakholomu mncane - mm 1.5 kuphela. A capsule ufushanisiwe-eyindilinga mayelana 3 mm eside. ubukhulu wabo - 3 mm.

globular

Imbali spurge, izithombe zazo kungabonakala cishe njalo ncwadi for abatshali, - isiko ezweni lethu zokuhlobisa. Ngokuvamile Simila ngesimo Stam futhi esetshenziselwa engadini izindawo. Unesitshalo Euphorbia linesizotha zinakekelwe futhi undemanding yezimo zangaphandle. ikhule ngisho ezingeni ubuncane sokukhanyisa.

Euphorbia eyindilinga - yemifino plant ukuphakama engekho ngaphezu kuka-8 cm, kokuba ameva. Amagatsha okuyinto hamba kusukela phansi kuze fancy izingxenye eyindilinga ngayiphi indlela ezihlalweni cm 30 ububanzi. Amagatsha kungenzeka cylindrical noma uyisiyingi, futhi ubude bawo cishe 2,5.

entabeni spurge

umbukwane kakhulu izitshalo amahlamvu zokuhlobisa, okuyinto avame ukusetshenziswa rock izingadi futhi izingoma ngamatshe. Euphorbia entabeni has polustelyuschiesya amahlumela. Ihamba rhombic, zaveza aluhlaza-grey. Phakathi nobusika, ezinabantu ukumboza ngeziqu. It blooms maphakathi no-May - ekuqaleni kuka June, kodwa izimbali akuzona izinga zako ezisemqoka zokuhlobisa.

ubunjiniyela yezolimo

Lolu hlobo milkweed uthanda ilanga kodwa bukhule umthunzi ngokwengxenye, uma kunesidingo. Umhlabathi wakhona ukukhanya elifaneleka kangcono futhi ezinempilo.

Imbewu kumele kutshalwe Mashi emabhokisini futhi kancane ufafaza nabo nge umhlaba. Izithombo etshalwe enhlabathini lapho kusungulwa zero lokushisa.

Ibanga phakathi izithombo kufanele kube cm okungenani ezingu-30. Ukuze isitshalo iqhakazile kakhulu futhi njalo, kumele njalo wanisela, ukhula, okuxekethile ukusuthiswa umquba wamakhemikhali.

alimondi spurge

Lolu hlobo lidumile balimi nenithanda houseplants. It has zimbali ezingavamile, okuyinto abe elikhanyayo umbala oluhlaza. Zibuthe nezimbali ezinhle ukuthi kukhona zintengantenga ngomusa kakhulu ngomoya kancane umoya. Basuke sise okusezingeni eliphezulu (cm 60) neziqu. Izimbali isitshalo oqala ngo-Ephreli futhi iphela ngoJuni. Euphorbia Amygdaloides efanelekayo engadini ukutshalwa endaweni ezindaweni eningizimu yeRussia, njengoba akawuthandi isithwathwa esindayo.

Euphorbia acalypha

Lesi sitshalo ubizwa nangokuthi foxtail. Kuyinto esihlale siluhlaza shrub silnovetvyaschiysya hhayi eliphezulu kakhulu. Acalypha Spurge isitshalo enhle zokuhlobisa. Amahlamvu aso encane, ovate, ngamazinyo ezincane.

Sasiyithanda balimi izimbali elikhanyayo ngokungavamile elibomvu, okuyinto lubuthwe atypical ngoba spurges spike inflorescence. Acalypha yokuqhuma iqala ngo-March nango uyabukeka emehlweni kuze ekupheleni kwekwindla.

Ngokunakekela efanele, eziqhakaza phezu isitshalo ngesikhathi esifanayo inflorescences-30. Ngalesi sikhathi, ke udinga ukuchelela kanye efaka umquba. Thanda eningi ukukhanya. Kungcono okusakazwa cuttings.

Euphorbia bupleurumolistny

Lolu uhlobo ezingavamile kakhulu umkhaya omkhulu. Malovetvyaschiysya izihlahlana ukuthi ikhula ukuphakama 20 cm. Ngesikhathi stem ungabona uhlevane ezincane kuhlelwe ngendlela Kuvunguza. Amahlamvu kuvele phezulu zalesi sihlahla. Izimbali milkweed wahlela ohlangeni eside, futhi phezu ehlathini ngesimo ugodo. Ebusika, lolu hlobo ukuthambisa akudingekile. Okusakazwa imbewu kuphela.

spurge Canary

Ngumuthi wangempela, okuyinto sifinyelela amamitha angu-12 ukuphakama. It has 4-5-legatsha ubambo ububanzi kufika ku-5 cm. Fins babe uhlevane ezincane futhi double ameva brown cishe 0.5 cm. Amahlamvu esingesihle esingesihle. Lesi simila enhle azizwa endlini enkulu.

"Inhloko Medusa"

I abatelekile amnandi kokuba upwardly uqweqwe stem futhi eziningi amagatsha okufutshane diverging bacondze etindzaweni letehlukene. Lolu hlobo milkweed zithandwa kakhulu balimi ngenxa ezithebeni edonsa, ifomu engavamile. Uma isitshalo ukuze uhlanganyele kubhasikidi, vetvi- yayo "ihambe" wadonsa bacondze etindzaweni letehlukene.

Lokhu spurge inokukhanyiswa aphansi, ezizwa futhi umthunzi ngokwengxenye, futhi ekukhanyeni okukhazimulayo. Ebusika kufanele uyophuziswa thukela. Uma ungenalo ukulandela lo mthetho, rots spurge. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyinto sengqondo esingaqondile kakhulu kuya okusalungiswa.

Euphorbia tsereusovidny

Shrub amnandi, kokuba ukuphakama imitha elilodwa. Amagatsha ngilimise, izimbambo nanhlanu, ububanzi 5 cm, amaKhaladi umbala aluhlaza.

Izimbambo ewumngcingo kukhona uhlevane ezincane. A ebonakalayo at emaphethelweni izimbambo toothed kude. Ameva grey, elilodwa. Ubude yabo cishe 2 cm. Amahlamvu mancane kakhulu, hhayi ngaphezulu kuka 3 mm. Ngokushesha wome, kodwa kwezinye izimo ahlale phezu amagatsha iminyaka eminingi.

Euphorbia tsereusovidny bucishe bufane umdolofiya Cereus, nokunye lethiwa. Uyazithanda ukukhanya, kodwa, kumele zivikelwe elangeni. Kungenjalo spurge kungaba bashe.

Euphorbia enopla

Silnovetvyaschiysya izihlahlana. Ngo izimo zemvelo likhula kuze kube imitha elilodwa ukuphakama. Sifanamsindvo kuthiwa ngilimise, izimbambo ezinhlanu noma eziyisishiyagalolunye. Lokhu atiwa kakhulu onameva omkhulu spurge ukuthi akhule 5 cm. Okokuqala, zingabantu ngokubomvu, kamuva zaveza grey. ikhule ekukhanyeni okusabalele noma umthunzi ngokwengxenye. Summer idinga ukuchelela ukuvundiswa. Kudingeka inhlabathi okuxekethile amanzi. Lokusakaza yisona by cuttings.

Euphorbia krupnorogy

Lesi yisitshalo esikhulu. I-Euphorbia in nature ikhula kuze kube ngamamitha amabili. Amagatsha alesi shrub azinamathebhu amathathu, ahlukaniswe abe izingxenye ezihlukene. Ziyi-wavy, i-pterygoid, nge-margin grey margin.

Ekhaya, kungakhula kuze kube selahleni. Udinga ukukhanya okukhanyayo nokujwayelekile, kodwa ukulinganisela okulinganiselayo. Ukusabalalisa nge-cuttings, kodwa lapho kuzalana ngezimo zangaphakathi ngokuvamile kunqamule kakhulu.

I-Euphorbia enamaphiko amakhulu

Izilwane eziseduze kakhulu nobisi obunamafutha. Umehluko kuphela kwi-tetrahedral stem enezihlukaniso eziluhlaza okombala nezinameva ezinhle.

Ukukhiqizwa kwe-milkweed

Isitshalo se-spurge, isithombe ongabona kuso esihlokweni sethu, asiyinkimbinkimbi ekunakekeleni. Noma kunjalo, imithetho ethile kudingeka idume. Ngokuvamile abafundi babuza lo mbuzo: "I-spurge iyanda kanjani?" Sizozama ukuyiphendula.

Kunezindlela eziningana zokwandisa lesi sitshalo. Okusetshenziswa kakhulu:

• Ukusika;
• Ukusakazwa kweLeaf;
• Ukusebenzisa imbewu;
• Ukuhlukaniswa kwesihlahla.

Ukukhula kwe-milkweed kusuka kumbewu

Uma ufuna, ungahlwanyela imbewu ngqo enhlabathini entwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Abalimi abaningi bakhetha ngale ndlela ukuze bavelise i-spurge. Ukutshalwa kwembewu kwenza kube lula ukutshala izithombo kakade ngoMashi.

Imbewu kufanele ifakwe emanzini afudumele cishe amahora amabili. Khumbula ukuthi izimpande ze-milkweed zibuthakathaka kakhulu, azikwazi ukulimala. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuhlwanyela imbewu ngayinye emiphakathini ye-peat noma izinkomishi zeplastiki.

Cishe ngesonto emva kokuhlwanyela, imbewu iyisezinkomishi (izinga lokushisa lomoya akufanele libe ngezansi + 10 degrees). Khona-ke izinkomishi kufanele zihlelwe kabusha endaweni yokufudumala (+20 degrees). Imbewu yama-milkweed ihluma isikhathi eside - kusukela emavikini amathathu kuya ezinyangeni ezimbili.

Ungakhohlwa ukwenza umgodi phansi kweglasi, ukuze umswakama owedlulele ungene kuwo. Kunconywa ukubeka i-agroperlite phansi kwesitsha endaweni encane - cishe u-1 cm. Khona-ke isitsha sigcwele inhlanganisela yenhlabathi, equkethe umhlaba weqabunga, ishlabathi nesihlabathi sodaka. Ukulinganisa okungu-2: 2: 3 kufanele kugcinwe. Imbewu ayifuni kakhulu emhlabathini.

Ngaphambi kokutshala kwawo, umhlaba kumele uhanjiswe. Amalazi anembewu ehlwanyelwe kufanele afakwe enkundleni lapho kufanele kuthunyelwe khona amanzi, ukuze inhlabathi ingabe isomile. Akufanele kube yimanzi, kodwa imanzi.

Izitshalo kufanele zijwayele izimo zangaphandle (Yebo, uma ukhula isitshalo sehlala ehlobo). Ukuze wenze lokhu, kumele baphishwe emgwaqweni izinsuku ezingu-10 ngaphambi kokutshala.

Ukunisela

U-Euphorbia udinga ukuchelela okulinganisela - kanye ngesonto. Ngalokhu, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amanzi amile noma ahlungiwe. Qaphela ukuba ungomile ungqimba ophezulu wenhlabathi. Unganamisi isitshalo lapho umhlaba usanamanzi. Inhlabathi ekhulile ingabangela ukulahlekelwa kwezimbali namaqabunga. Futhi ukuchelela ngokweqile kungabangela izimpande ezibola. Ngentwasahlobo nasekwindla, lesi sitshalo kumele siphuze kaningi kunamasonto amabili. Ebusika, ukuchelela kuncishisiwe kuya kanye ngenyanga. Sprayge akufanelekile.