Esebenzisa Fresnel umumo womsebenzi?

intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe ikuvumela ukudala leli thuluzi, elalikade kuphela baphupha. Manje akekho uyoba umangale namadivayisi zokuxhumana ezingenazo izintambo, satellite izitsha kanye flying emkhathini. Kuleli khulu leminyaka elidlule, sekwenziwe eziningi okwatholwa nokwasungulwa, ngawo okwamanje kungenzeka ukuba ukukhiqiza ubuchwepheshe besimanje kwezidakamizwa ezihlukahlukene amadivaysi, okuvumela ukuba afeze ukuhlinzwa eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ngokwesibonelo, umumo womsebenzi Fresnel wembula imininingwane ethile mayelana nohlobo ukukhanya, bonobumba.

Augustin Fresnel, J. (1788-1827)

Usosayensi French wazalwa ngo ngomndeni abafundile, uyise wayengumuntu umklami. Ngiseyingane, Jean Augustin wayengeyena ekukhuleni kwengane kuba iminyaka 8 ubudala, ngiliphase izinhlamvu. Futhi ngaleso sikhathi, akekho ongalindela ngisho ukuthi udumo lwakhe uzobe okuthiwa omunye izenzakalo ezibaluleke kakhulu zesayensi yemvelo - Fresnel umumo womsebenzi.

Usosayensi wakwazi ukuya esikoleni esivamile, kodwa lapho eseneminyaka engu-13. Ngemva kokufunda ngezinye Cannes, le-physics esizayo engena Paris Polytechnic School ezindaweni lapho yasezindaweni othisha amakhono nabo engqondo, ithuthukiswe kuye ngaleso sikhathi. Ngemva kokuphela kwalesi sikole Fresnel engena "School of Ziwumzila Imigwaqo" futhi wathola ubungcweti unjiniyela.

O. Fresnel waklonyeliswa e 1827 aphakeme we iRoyal Society of London imiklomelo - izindondo Rumford. Futhi, usosayensi kwaba ngo-Paris Academy. Siyabonga nentuthuko zishintshile izindlela zezibani usebenza yokukhanya ukukhanya.

isipiliyoni Fresnel

Fresnel umumo womsebenzi okungukuthi umshayeli iphethini efakazela ukuthi ukukhanya kufikile wave izakhiwo. Okuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe iye yaqinisekisa inkolelo-mbono yokuziphendukela Huygens physics futhi wanezela nakho Jung T. ngocwaningo lwakhe usebenzisa amadivayisi amasha ukuphazamiseka.

Ngaphansi umumo womsebenzi yokukhanya ukuqonda impahla yakhe ukuze agobe azungeze izithiyo ngenkathi ukuwela esifundeni isithunzi. Fresnel olwenziwa ucwaningo nge isithiyo, lapho ukukhanya kubonakala kusukwa ibhola, futhi lengxenye ugongolo ngokusebenzisa umqhewu. Imiphumela zemisebenzi yabo-physics okwethulwa "Umlando ka umumo womsebenzi."

Ngaphezu kwalokho, okuhlangenwe nakho kufakazela ukuba khona lo mkhuba ukuphazamiseka yokukhanya ngokwemvelo, ososayensi esetshenziswa lesi sitshalo, okuthiwa "Fresnel esibukweni." Le divayisi yakhiwa ishidi ezimbili lembhali, okuyinto ahlelwe isihlobo komunye nomunye engela kancane ngaphansi kuka-180 °. Lezi izibuko ahlinzeke ukukhanya emthonjeni owodwa, njengoba kubonakala, ukudala zibona ezimbili okufanayo isigaba umehluko. Kulokhu, imishayo ezimbili yahlanganiswa futhi wanikeza Imininingwane kushintshana imivimbo amnyama nokukhanya.

Isicelo Fresnel okutholakele

Manje ungabona ukusetshenziswa kabanzi imiphumela ucwaningo, usosayensi French. Ngakho, esibukweni Fresnel isetshenziswa ukuthuthukiswa amadivayisi, ukuqongelela amandla elanga. Ngokwesibonelo, ihabhu design okuyinto isicelo kule divayisi ukuphazamiseka kuyahluka ethola gelioenergii esiphezulu value. Isetshenziselwa njengoba amanzi Ukushisa apharathasi, omunye amayunithi amandla nezinye izicelo ezimbonini.

Enye idivayisi ehlongozwayo ngu usosayensi French futhi eyaziwa ngokuthi Fresnel nezibhebhe isetshenziswa ekwelapheni strabismus. Okwamanje athuthukile imodeli entsha nokunwebeka le divayisi ipuleti esobala amapulasitiki impahla. Enye uhlangothi unikezwa raster ezindengezini, kanye nezinye bushelelezi. Le divayisi banamathela izibuko, ngaleyo ndlela isetshenziswa kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lokusebenzelana strabismus.

Fresnel umumo womsebenzi elisetshenziswa ukwakhiwa Umnqopho amadivayisi optical (izibonakude, omabonakude). Ukutholakala kwaleli qiniso ingenye juqu kakhulu physics optical, ogxile izifundo eziningi.