Dmitry Donskoy. Biography of the Grand Duke

ngonyaka Nine umfana ubudala wasibona sobukhosi Dmitry Donskoy. Biography kwesikhathi ekuqaleni kokuphila kwakhe ehlangene kuyimpi kwabazabalazayo ngokuba isihlalo sobukhosi kwesikhulu Vladimir. Moscow obala wasekela nezitha zidlamlilo.

Lapho Dmitry wathatha isihlalo sobukhosi, phakathi kweminyaka emibili e-Moscow ezibiyele lakhiwa-ke, elaba ziwuphawu lwamandla nempumelelo we ubukhulu eMoscow. Kwakuwusuku okokuqala inqaba zamatshe ku enyakatho-mpumalanga yeRussia. Lo mcimbi avunyelwe isimangalo ukubonakalisa Tver futhi Novgorod eMoscow, kanye aphunyuke Algirdas izintaba, isikhulu Lithuanian.

Phakathi nekhulu le-14, i-zidlamlilo siye saba buthaka ngenxa emzabalazweni sesihlalo sobukhosi Khan, futhi amabutho ka-Moscow, kunalokho, anda. Ngisho yokuzisola eMoscow rati e 1377 eduze Nizhny Novgorod wayengakwazi etukwetimphumelelo we AmaTatar. Ngemva konyaka, ibutho Begich eMfuleni Vozhene ukuthi Ryazan umhlaba, wanqoba Dmitry Donskoy. Umlando wakhe, ezihlobene le Kulikov impi iqala le mpi. Kwasebenza njengesibonakaliso okwandulela izenzakalo zesikhathi esizayo.

Ngo 1380, uDlamini ku zidlamlilo ekugcineni laphela eza emandleni Mamaia, okuyinto ngokushesha waqala ukuqinisa isikhundla salo eRussia. Okokuqala, wenza umfelandawonye Jagiello, isikhulu Lithuanian, futhi lokhu kwaholela Russian phansi amabutho. Ukuze uhlole isitha, Kolomna bahlangana isikhulu squads futhi ukusuka lapho iyiswe AmaTatar. Lapha futhi wazehlukanisa njengendlela umkhuzi abanamakhono Dmitry Donskoy. Biography uthi wathola ezingalindelekile, isixazululo ababezibheka ngokokuqala: ukuhlangabezana Mamai ngebhange okuphambene Don, okuyinto Khan ukholelwa insimu yalo. Prince futhi ezama ukuvimba ukuxhumana zidlamlilo impi Lithuanian. Ukuze isibindi empini, induna Merit wathola entsha isidlaliso Prince - Dmitry Donskoy.

Biography emfushane it is hhayi njalo ukusho ekulweni Khan Tokhtamysh. Mamai ayenqotshiwe ngisindile, ukuze Cafe (manje Feodosia), lapho abulawa khona. I zidlamlilo waqala ukubusa Khan Tokhtamysh. Ngo-1382 u-Oleg, Ryazan isikhulu, bakhomba Ukunqamula eMfuleni Oka. Ukusebenzisa le ndlela, Tokhtamysh ngokuzumayo ehlaselwa eMoscow. Ngisho nangaphambi kokuba enze lokho, Don basuka inhlokodolobha namazwe enyakatho ukuqoqa abezempi entsha. Izakhamuzi zedolobha ngezinga ababengenza ngalo, wamvikela ngesikhathi esifanayo silwa boyars owaphana isidumo efuna ukubaleka eMoscow. Amabili isitha lokushaya bakwazi ulwe ngokusebenzisa izibhamu entsha (okuthiwa omatilasi), insimbi kokuzihlanganisa eRussia. Tokhtamysh waqaphela ukuthi bahlasela umuzi akazange athathe, kulapho ukuthi ngabe sebekholwa Dmitry Donskoy. Wabe yakhetha ukuya enkohlisweni, ukusho Muscovites, kudingeka hhayi kubo kanye nasemzini, nakubo Prince kuphela. Sifunga hhayi ukukhulisa ukuphanga, ukukhwabanisa Tokhtamysh baphuthuma eMoscow, wahlula futhi baphoqwa ukuba akhokhe intela enkulu futhi.

Ukuthunywa mlando Dmitry Donskoy okungukuthi, okokuqala kunakho konke, ukuhlanganisa amazwe Russian. Moscow okokuqala uvele njengoba, isikhungo eqinile elinamandla kwezomnotho nezombusazwe kuyiphi babukhipha inhlangano elwa kwejoka Golden zidlamlilo futhi umbono walokho okubizwa ngokuthi Ukuhlangana emazweni amaningana. Ngenxa yokunqoba eku-Battle of Kulikov Usayizi enduduzo isibe ezincane kakhulu. Zidlamlilo yavuma ukuthi, phakathi kwamanye amazwe Russian eMoscow ojabulela isikhundla uyayala. Amandla zidlamlilo wayengaselona eyodwa ngaphambi. Abantu Russian bakholelwa ukuthi AmaTatar usengakwazi uwine.

Dmitry uVladimir ubukhulu ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe wanika Basil, indodana yakhe. Ukuthi iyini intando ubukhulu wayekhulunyelwa njengomfazi okwazalelwa kuyo eMoscow, okubonisa ukuthi ekubumbaneni ngokushesha eMoscow ezweni uVladimir. Kwathi ngokokuqala ngaphandle kwemvume zidlamlilo.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, hhayi kuphela kwaletha izinguquko ezinhle phakathi nokubusa kwayo Dmitry Donskoy. Biography ezibekwe, ezifana Kostomarov kubonisa ukulahlekelwa amazwe asentshonalanga, bahlukunyezwe impi Lithuanian ubukhulu. Indawo enkulu labhujiswa Tokhtamysh nokukhokhwa kwezintela intela ngokweqile. Kostomarov kubhekwe le nkathi omunye ngeshwa kakhulu futhi ngidumele emlandweni wabantu Russian.