Kuyini ukuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo? Okuphuma le ntaba-mlilo ngesikhathi kuqhuma?

Izinhlekelele zemvelo kungaba ezahlukene, kodwa kuyingozi kakhulu ubizwa kufanele waqaphela njengoba ukuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo. Nsuku zonke leli zwe livela kwekhabhoni abafinyelela kwabayishumi ezinjalo, eziningi zazo abantu angaluboni.

Uyini-mlilo?

Intaba-mlilo ebizwa ngokuthi ukwakheka Geological, esisogwini surface eMhlabeni. Izindawo asemigodini nibonakala ngale magma futhi lava amafomu kanye amagesi balandela futhi idwala izinsalela.

Igama giant itshe etholakele unkulunkulu wamaRoma umlilo, owasizalela igama intabamlilo ngokubabazekayo.

ngezigaba

Lezi ezintabeni kungenziwa labizwa ngezizathu eziningana. Ngakho, ngokwesibonelo, ngesimo lezi zakhiwo zihlukaniswe lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo:

1. Panelboard.
2. Stratovolcanoes.
3. Slag.
4. Isigaxa.
5. Dome.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izintaba-mlilo bungabonakala kuye ngendawo yabo:

1. Ground.
2. Underwater.
3. Subglacial.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi kwabahlali kunesinye, ngezigaba elula, okuyinto kuncike degree of mlilo:

1. Ukulingisa. Lokhu kumiswa ungachazwa ukuthi kwabheduka muva.
2. A intabamlilo ithule. Ngale ncazelo ehloselwe entabeni, okuyinto akasebenzi okwamanje, kodwa iqhuma esizayo kungenzeka.
3. Kuvele intabamlilo yokuqothulwa - ukwakheka zomhlaba, ayisekho ngokuthola ithuba gush.

Kungani izintaba-mlilo ziqhuma?

Ngaphambi esibhekana ngayo imikhiqizo abaphuma intabamlilo ngesikhathi kuqhuma, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi lo mkhuba esibi, futhi sibangelwa yini.

Ngaphansi kuqhuma kwakusho ekuvezeni lava kwemali, okuyinto kuhambisana ekushayweni amagesi nomlotha. Izintaba-mlilo ziqhuma kusukela inqwaba izinto eziye zanqwabelana magma.

Okuphuma le ntaba-mlilo ngesikhathi kuqhuma?

Magma njalo ngaphansi enomfutho, ngakho amagesi zihlale kuwo ziyoncibilika uketshezi. I ancibilikile, okuyinto volatiles ukuhlaselwa kancane kancane kwaphoqa ebusweni sidlula ufa futhi zibe nzima isiphuku izingqimba. Lapha magma siyavela ngokushesha.

Kunengqondo ukuphetha ngokuthi kufanele kube khona imibuzo kusaba ngalokho ivela kuqhuma intaba-mlilo, njengoba magma liphenduka lava wathela phezu kwaleyo. Kodwa eqinisweni, ngesikhathi kuqhuma le ntaba, ngaphandle kwalezi zingxenye, kwembule wena emhlabeni kungaba eziningi izinto ezahlukene.

lava

Uthando - ingumkhiqizo edume kunazo zonke, ethakwa ngesikhathi mlilo. Lokho ngokuvamile ukhombe abantu, umbuzo: "? Okuphuma le ntaba-mlilo ngesikhathi kuqhuma". Photo of impahla ashisayo kungabonakala isihloko.

Lava uquqaba ayizakhi ka-silicon, aluminium nezinye izinsimbi. Kukhona Empeleni ezithakazelisayo eziphathelene! Kuyisikhathi ukuthi Earth umkhiqizo kuphela lapho ungathola zonke izakhi ezitholakala ishadi lesikhathi ezaziwayo.

Lava - a magma red-hot, elisuselwa wentaba intaba-mlilo futhi wathumela phansi amagquma ayo. Phakathi ummango, ukubunjwa isivakashi komhlaba njalo othola ushintsho ngenxa izimo zezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani elikhulu igesi, okuyinto kanye kuyanda magma kwamanzi, kwenze bubble.

Lava ukushisa okuvamile kuba degrees 1000, ngakho-ke kulula ukubhubhisa zonke izithiyo endleleni yakhe.

baphihliza

No kancane ezithakazelisayo ukubona lokho okuphuma phakathi kuqhuma intaba-mlilo, kodwa udaka olushisayo. In the phakathi inqubo ebusweni kuthiwa ukhiphe doti omkhulu ukuthi ososayensi ngokuthi "tephra."

Of isisindo ingqikithi izingcezwana walulama yezindawo ezinkulu, wathola isidlaliso "amabhomu-mlilo ezinamandla". Lezi ineminyaka imikhiqizo okusamanzi okungaphathwa ukukhulula ngesikhathi nqabela maphakathi no-air. Usayizi la matshe ziyahlukahluka: owesincane kubo ngifane ipea, futhi ngobukhulu idlule nenkundla ziyadliwa.

umlotha

Futhi, umbuzo, "Okuphuma-mlilo? ', Akufanele sikhohlwe mayelana umlotha. Lokho ngokuvamile kuholela nemiphumela eyinhlekelele, njengoba ivelele ngisho ne nokuqhuma okuncane, okungakwazi ukulimaza abantu.

I emihle umlotha izinhlayiya lisabalaliswe emoyeni ngesivinini - kuze kube amakhilomitha 100 ngehora. Yiqiniso, inani elincane kakhulu leso sidakamizwa angangena umphimbo womuntu phakathi ukuphefumula, ngakho ukuqhuma kufanele amboze ubuso bakhe nge iduku noma ngomshini ekhethekile. Isici umlotha ukuthi uyakwazi ukuba unqamule amabanga amade ngisho ngokudlula amanzi namagquma. Lezi zinhlayiya ezincane red-hot ukuze njalo ovuthayo ebusuku.

igesi

Ungakhohlwa ngalokho okuphuma intabamlilo ngesikhathi kuqhuma, phakathi kwezinye izinto, semali igesi. Ukwakheka ingxube oluyingozi ehlanganisa i-hydrogen, carbon nesibabule. Ngo amanani amancane equkethwe boron, uxhumano lokudlulisa acid, mercury nezinsimbi.

Zonke amagesi akhishwa kusukela wentaba le ntaba-mlilo ngesikhathi kuqhuma, amhlophe. Futhi uma gas tephra okuxubile, amakilabhu kuyogcwala umthunzi. Ngokuvamile kuba black intuthu iphuma emgodini wentaba-mlilo, abantu ukunquma kuzokwenzekani maduze, nentuthu oyikhiphayo kudingeka asuswe ezindaweni zawo.

Udinga ukwazi ukuthi siphuma intabamlilo ngesikhathi kuqhuma, ngaphezu izinto ngenhla. Kuyinto iphunga oqinile-hydrogen sulfide. Ngakho, ngokwesibonelo, kwezinye iziqhingi kwakufika, umoya omningi wezintaba-mlilo ubabonisa amakhulu amakhilomitha.

Okuxakayo ukuthi inani elincane igesi uyaqhubeka ukugqama wentaba le ntaba-mlilo iminyaka eminingana kusukela ngosuku intabamlilo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi kwekhabhoni anobuthi kakhulu, futhi ukuwela amanzi nge izimvula, Abulala futhi wenze awo ayengenakuphuzwa.