Dinner lezivakashi: yini ukupheka?

Ingabe uhlela isidlo sakusihlwa? Yimiphi imikhiqizo edinga ukufakwa kwisitoreji? Le mibuzo neminye imibuzo uzothola izimpendulo kulesi sihloko. Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi isidlo esigcwele kufanele sibe nesifundo sokuqala, sesibili, ne-dessert. Kodwa izikhulukazi azikwazi njalo ukujabulisa izihlobo nezihlobo zazo nge-assortment enhle kangaka.

Uma ufuna, yebo, kulula ukupheka isidlo sakusihlwa emaminithini ambalwa nje, uma wazi zonke izindlela zokupheka ezidingekayo ngenhliziyo. Ngokuqhubekayo uzozijwayela izitsha ezinjalo ezinhle kakhulu ezizogcwalisa izakhi nazo zonke izakhi ezidingekayo. Ngosizo lwabo ungamangala izivakashi nezihlobo ngomusa nobuhle bazo.

Ikhekhe noshizi nemifino

Ukuze uthole isidlo sakusihlwa, ungakwazi ukupheka ikhekhe elimangalisayo lama-courgettes. Uzodinga u-150 g we-shizi onzima, izaqathe ezintathu, amaqanda amabili, i-zucchini engu-1, 5-7 tbsp. L. Ukhula, u-garlic, u-anyanisi owodwa, usawoti kanye nemayonnaise.

Okokuqala, gcoba i-zucchini enkulu bese uvula ijusi. Hlanganisa iqanda libe yizinto eziwumphumela, uthele ngofulawa, usawoti. Kusukela engxenyeni elandelwayo, gcoba inhlama nasopanini lokuthosa, ama-pancake oqoshiwe.

Okulandelayo udinga ukuxubha izaqathe, usike anyanisi. Hlanganisa lezi zithako kanye gazinga. Engeza ubuningi obusayo obisikiwe, ugarlic ocindezelwe, imayonnaise. Ungakwazi futhi ukubeka imifino. Ngalokhu kugcwaliswa, sasaza ama-pancake. Shiya ikhekhe le-squash nge ushizi nemifino eceleni kwamahora ambalwa ukuze ungene.

Ushizi olunesikhunta oluthosiwe ngesiCzech

Uyothola isidlo sakusihlwa esingenakulibaleka uma ukhonza ushizi othosiwe okuphekwe ngokusho kwekhasi laseCzech. Ngakho-ke, kufanele ube no-200 g ushizi onesibopho esimhlophe, i-100 g ye-breadcrumbs, amaqanda amabili.

Okokuqala uthathe ushizi ube ngam cubes ubukhulu bentimitha eyodwa. Ngesinye isitsha, qeda amaqanda, uwabethe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uthele ezinkantini zokudla. Ama-cubes ashizi kufanele aqale ahlambuluke ngamaqanda ashaywa, bese e-breadcrumbs, ngakho-ke izikhathi ezimbalwa. Ukuzikhanga kuyadingeka emlilweni omkhulu ngamasekhondi angu-40 ukusuka ohlangothini ngalunye.

Amafutha azenziwe ngamanzi

Asikho isidlo sakusihlwa esingenakukwenza ngaphandle kokupheka amafutha ekhaya. Kumelwe ube nama-gramu angu-600 e-brisket, ama-clove ayisikhombisa e-garlic, pepper omnyama kubhontshisi nomhlabathi, usawoti.

Ukuze wenze amafutha anomsoco, kudingeka ugayile ugarlic ngosawoti, pepper elimnandi nelomnyama. Spread amafutha nge hashi okuphumela bese ukumboza nge polyethylene izikhathi ezimbalwa. Zama ukungena emoyeni ngaphakathi.

Shiya umkhiqizo ukuze uhambe ngobusuku bonke. Ekuseni, uthele amanzi epanini, ubeke ubhekeni kuwo upheke amahora amaningana. Ngemuva kokuyeka ukupholisa emanzini. Bese uthumele amafutha omnandi ephekwe ekhaya efrijini.

Amaqebelengwane nge chocolate omhlophe namajikijolo

Isidlo sosuku lokugubha izivakashi uzothola enkazimulweni, uma uhambisa etafuleni amakhekhe angavamile. Ukulungiselela kwabo udinga ukuthenga 400 g amajikijolo, ufulawa (260 g), ubisi (250 ml), ushukela (150 g), ushokoledi omhlophe (200 g), iqanda elilodwa, amafutha e-sunflower (125 ml). Futhi kufanele ube no-¼ tsp. Usawoti, i-baking powder (3 tsp), ijusi kalamula (2 tsp).

Thela ukudla okuketshezi kwisitsha esisodwa: ubisi, amaqanda, ibhotela, ijusi kalamula. Hlanganisa kuze kutholakale ingxube ehambisanayo. Sika ushokoledi omhlophe ube yizicucu ezincane. Kwesinye isikhundla, faka ukudla okunomile: ushukela, ufulawa, i-powder baking ne-chocolate. Ikhefu leshokoledi eliphekwe ngesikhafu lokuhlobisa.

Hlanganisa ukudla okomile bese uwathululela engxenyeni yamanzi. Zihlanganise kahle. Xhuma amajikijolo enhlama.

Beka iphepha esikhunjini bese uyigcwalisa ngenhlama phezulu, ukuze ngesikhathi senqubo yokubhaka i-dome enhle iphuma. Ukuhlobisa amakhekhe nge-chocolate emhlophe. Zipheke nge-degrees angu-180 imizuzu engamashumi amabili. Uma imikhiqizo ibe yigolide, isuse ehhavini.

Umswakama omuhle

Yini enye engiyifaka isicelo se-dinner yemikhosi? Imenyu kufanele ihluke. Zama ukupheka isobho elimnandi "I-Wizard yase-Emerald City". Thenga u-350 g ubisi olunomsoco, i-200 g ye-marmalade, i-700 g yebhasikili, i-200 g we-bhotela ibhotela.

Hlanganisa ibhotela ekamelweni lokushisa bese uyigcoba, ukuxuba kancane kancane ubisi oluncibilikile. Gaya amakhukhi ku-grinder yenyama bese uthatha izingcezu ezincane ze-marmalade. Hlanganisa amakhukhi nge-ayisikhilimu nama-marmalade, gcoba ubukhulu obumphumela ephepheni elikhethekile, bese wenza isakhiwo se-oblong. Thumela isinkwa esimnandi emakhazeni. Uma iqhwa, yinqume ibe yizicucu bese uyibeka esitsheni.

Inhlanzi ebhakawa utamatisi namazambane

Oh, lokhu isidlo sakusihlwa ... Izivakashi, ungakwazi ukubhaka izinhlanzi ngamazambane kanye utamatisi. Ukuze wenze lokhu uzodinga ama-gramu angu-600 wezinhlanzi, utamatisi abathathu, isigamu seglasi yamafutha omnqumo, anyanisi amathathu, amahlumela amathathu esilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, ama-sprigs amabili we-thyme, i-pepper emhlabathini omnyama nosawoti. Sika imifino ibe ngamagundane, ubheke izinhlanzi kusuka esikalini, unqume izigulana, ugobe, uginze futhi usule. Gcwalisa imifino ebunjini. Fafaza usawoti, pepper bese ugubha ngezandla zakho. Beka inhlanzi emifinini, bese uyihlobisa nge-ringlets of utamatisi.

Bese ufafaza konke nge-thyme, pepper kanye nosawoti, uthele amafutha omnqumo. Vala isikhunta ngesikhumba. Bhaka inhlanzi ngamatamatisi namazambane ekushiseni kwamaminithi angu-40 ama-40. Bese ususe isikhumba bese upheka isidlo eminye imizuzu eyishumi nanhlanu.

Ikhekhe "Royal"

Iyini isidlo sakusihlwa esihle? Imenyu yayo iyamangalisa. Khonza ikhekhe le "Royal" ngezithelo ezomile etafuleni, futhi iholidi lakho lizokhunjulwa isikhathi eside. Ukuze uhlolwe, kufanele ulungise imikhiqizo elandelayo: izingilazi ezilodwa nengxenye kafulawa, amaqanda amathathu, indebe eyodwa nesigamu ushukela kanye nesilinganiso esifanayo sosawoti omuncu. Futhi uthenge isigamu sengilazi ye-prunes, isigamu seglasi le-poppy kanye nemifino eningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele ube ne-powder baking (3 tsp).

Imikhiqizo yekhilimu: ibhotela (200 g), ubisi oluncibilikisiwe (ibhodlela elilodwa) nezithelo. Ukuze wenze ikhekhe lokuqala, hlanganisa futhi uvuselele iqanda, ufulawa, ushukela, i-poppy, u-ukhilimu omuncu, i-soda, iviniga eline-ginned. Mane wenze ikhekhe lesibili (kuphela ngamavinini omisiwe) kanti okwesithathu - ngamantongomane nemifula. Bhaka bese uzibamba. Bese ubhaqa ibhotela ngobisi olunomsoco nokhilimu ngekhilimu. Ukuhlobisa ikhekhe ngezithelo ezomile.

Dessert

Abantu abaningi babuza ukuthi yini okufanele bayilungiselele isidlo sakusihlwa. Phatha abathandekayo bakho nge-dessert ye-strawberry "Tiramisu-traifl". Thenga ama-980 g ama-strawberry, ama-gramu angu-225 we-Mascarpone ushizi, 170 g we-chocolate omnyama, i-100 g ye-pudding ingxube, ama-gramu ayi-85 ama-biscuits, izinkomishi ezimbili zokhilimu ophehliwe, ikhofi eningi nengxenye yesilazi yobisi.

Sika ama-strawberry, ukuhlobisa ukushiya ibheri elilodwa. Nciphisa ingxube ye-pudding ubisi bese uyithumela esiqandisini imizuzu embalwa. Hamba ushizi "weMascarpone" nomxube kuze kube yilapho epholile. Engeza ukhilimu ohlutshiwe, i-pudding nekhofi.

Ibhasikidi ngayinye ifakwe ekhofi futhi i-1/3 yalesi siqeshana sibekwe esitsheni esinomhlaba ophansi. Okuphezulu nge-third of strawberries, ingxenye yesithathu ye-tshokoleti egayiwe, nomkhiqizo ofanayo we-"Mascarpone" ukhilimu. Yenza kanjalo izingqimba ezimbili. Ekugcineni, faka iMascarpone nechocolate. Ukuhlobisa i-strawberry "iTiramisu-trifle" nge-strawberry yonke. Thumela amahora angu-5 emakhazeni, mhlawumbe ebusuku.

Izitsha ezingavamile

Akungabazeki, wonke umngane owaziyo ufuna ukuza kuwe ngesidlo sakusihlwa. Ukupheka ngezithombe ozothola ku-article yethu encane-cookbook.

Abantu abaningi bathanda ukupheka izitsha ezilula zemikhosi, elula futhi engadingi isikhathi esiningi. Umsizi othanda ukujabulisa umthandekayo wakhe, owesifazane ongumama owaziwayo noma intombazane efuna ukuqonda isayensi ye-culinary angakwazi ukubhekana kalula nalezi zokupheka ezilandelayo:

1. Igobe elibhaka ku-foil. Kubalulekile ukugcina inyama esiqandisini bese wenza imfucumfucu yekhwalithi. Udinga ukuthenga i-1 kg yengulube inyama emthini, i-orange eyodwa, ama-clove ayisithupha egaliki, 1 tsp. Amafutha omnqumo, lwesinaphi esomile ngamabhontshisi (1 tsp), izinongo zokubhaka inyama (1 tsp), usawoti, basil. Yenza imimese ebukhali ngendwangu yengulube, futhi ngamunye wabo ubeke ucezu oqoshiwe. Ncoma usawoti, ufafaze izinongo, basil. Sika amasongo amathathu kusuka ku-orange, bese ucindezela ijusi ngaphandle kokunye. Hlanganisa ijusi ngamafutha omnqumo bese uthele inyama ye-marinade. Beka izindandatho ze-orange bese ubeka umkhiqizo esiqandisini amahora angu-10. Ekuseni faka ingulube eqoshiwe kuphepha lokubilisa, lithele i-marinade, ufafaze ngesinaphi. Gcoba inyama ngokuphelele bese uyibeka ngesimo esincane ngamabhodi. Bhaka ingulube ebhakabhaka ebisiwe ngehora eli-1 ekushiseni kwama-degree angu-160. Bese uvule phezulu kwesikhumba bese ushiya inyama kuhhavini ngeminye imizuzu engu-10. Ukuze uthole i-crust enhle, u-oyile ingulube enoju. Bese ubeka ingulube ebilisiwe etafuleni lapho kufanele ipholile phansi. Ukudla okubandayo kugoqa bese ubeka efrijini isikhathi esingangxenye yehora. Ngenxa yalokho, ingulube ebilisiwe iyoba yinkimbinkimbi futhi izomiswa kahle.
2. Iyini isaladi "Olivier"? Asikho isidlo sakusihlwa esiphundu esingenakukwenza ngaphandle kwalesi sidlo esimangalisayo. Sebenzisa iresiphi elula yama-classics. Kulabo bantu abane kufanele ube namazambane angu-6-8, izaqathe ezimbili, amaqanda angu-6, ama-250 amagremu we-sausage abilisiwe, i-can of sweet sweet peas, iphakethe lama-mayonnaise anamnandi. Bilisa amaqanda, izaqathe namazambane. Sika imikhiqizo ibe ngamacube bese uthela emgodini, engeza imayonnaise, imifino uhlanganise. Usawoti, pepper bese ufakwa esiqandisini. Umswakama awuvunyelwe ukuthatha inyama, inkukhu, ulimi noma burrs - njengoba uthanda.

Igama izinsuku

Imenyu yesidlo semikhosi yosuku lokuzalwa kufanele ihluke. Ukuhlanganiswa kwalo kumuntu ophethe umdinga kudinga imizamo emikhulu, ngoba izivakashi zifuna ukumangala ngezingubo ezintsha, amafomu, ukuthanda futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo zama ukuchitha isabelomali somndeni. Ngokwemvelo, ungumsizi womnotho, kodwa umkhosi udinga ukupheka okungenani izitsha ezimbalwa ezivela emakhakheni amnandi, abizayo.

Uma ufika nemenyu, zama ukupheka ama-mayonnaise amathukuthezi amaningi, kodwa kunalokho ukupela ngaphezulu kweyodwa, okungavamile. Amanye ama-saladi angenziwa emifino ehlanzekile noma nje ekhonza utamatisi namakhukhamba ngendlela yokucwilisa amahle.

Isitsha esimnandi

Uyazi ukuthi yini ongayilungisela i-party dinner? Ngosuku lwakho lokuzalwa, sebenzisa isaladi nge-saumoni kanye ne-saumon ebhemayo etafuleni. Kudingeka ube nengxenye yekhilogi ye-Peking iklabishi, ushizi osizi (150 g), i-saumon ephumiwe (150 g), ukhilimu omuncu (100 ml), umhlabathi omnyama we-pepper nosawoti.

Susa amathambo kusukela enhlanzi bese uwasika ngemigoqo emincane. Ikhefu iklabishi yinquma. Khipha kancane ushizi kanye ne grate phezu kwe-grater enkulu. Hlanganisa zonke izithako ngosawoti, pepper kanye ukhilimu omuncu.

Isidlo esihlwabusayo

Yini enye ongayishintsha isidlo sakusihlwa? Ngosuku lwabo lokuzalwa, abantu abaningi balungiselela isaladi elikhukhumezekile ngezibuko. Thenga ama-700 g ama-shrimp, ama-gramu ayi-100 we-Feta ushizi, ikhukhamba eyodwa, i-avocado eyodwa, utamatisi owodwa nelamula. Ukuze uthole i-sauce kufanele ube nemayonnaise (200 g), umhlabathi omnyama we-pepper no-ukhilimu omuncu (100 g).

Bilisa ama-shrimp kanye ne-peel. Ikhukhamba kanye utamatisi uthathe cubes. Sika i-avocado bese ususa itshe. Sula izithelo ngejamu lemon ukuze kungatholi umbala omnyama. Sika ushizi ube ngamacube amancane. Hlanganisa ukhilimu omuncu nge imayonnaise kanye nomsila womhlabathi. Ezingxenyeni ezine ezide ezibala, wabeka isaladi emigqeni, uthele umsizi ngamunye - kuqala ama-shrimps, bese utamatisi, bese ukhukhamba, izingcezu ze-avocado bese uphinde uhlume. Ukusuka phezulu yenza iphethini lama-cubes ushizi.

"I-Cap of Monomakh"

Ukulungisa isidlo akuyona into elula ukuyenza. Izivakashi ezimangalisa nge-saladi egayiwe "Cap of Monomakh". Kufanele ube namazambane amathathu, amagremu angu-300 enyama ephekiwe, amaqanda amathathu, amaqathi ambalwa, ama-gramu angu-200 we ushizi, ingilazi eyodwa yama-walnuts, imayonnaise. Ukuze umhlobiso usebenzise i-pomegranate eyodwa nama-peas asemathinini asemathinini.

Bilisa amazambane emafaneni abo, amaqanda bese epholile. Nge-grater enamafutha, gaya ushizi onzima, amaqanda, amazambane kanye ne-izaqathe. Ama-Walnuts kanye nenyama bayadliwa ngomese. Hlanganisa zonke izithako nge imayonnaise ngokwehlukana futhi, ukwakha i-cone, ubeke izendlalelo zamapulangwe ngale ndlela: amazambane, inyama, amaqanda, amantongomane, izaqathe, ushizi. Gcwalisa intaba ehlwabusayo nge imayonnaise bese uyihlobisa ngembewu yamapomegranate nama-peas aluhlaza.

Isidla sasendulo

Namanje awuqondi ukuthi yini okufanele ibe imenyu yedlodi yokugubha imikhosi? Usuku lokuzalwa luyiholide elimangalisayo. Yondla abathandekayo bakho ngomunwe ovela olimini olusawoti. Ukuze wenze le recipe yasendulo, udinga ukuthenga ulimi olulodwa lwenkomo yenkomo, ikhanda elilodwa likagalikhi, usawoti wedwala (3 wezipuni), ushukela (isipuni esingu-1).

Hlanganisa ushukela, usawoti kanye nogarlic ochotshoziwe. Geza ulimi, owomile bese uphululela kulo mxube. Ukumboza esikhwameni seplastiki, susa umoya bese usibopha ngokuqinile. Beka ulimi esitsheni bese ucindezela phansi ngamatshe ukuze wenze ijusi livelele. Kufanele alale ubusuku obubodwa ekamelweni lokushisa, bese emfaka efrijini izinsuku ezingu-10.

Vula ulimi nsuku zonke ukuze kulungiswe kahle. Emva kosuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi, sisuse esikhwameni bese ufaka esitsheni ngamanzi abandayo. Beka umkhiqizo emlilweni bese upheka uze ulungele cishe amahora amabili (isikhathi sokupheka sincike ngobukhulu bolimi). Beka isidlo esiqedile emanzini e-ice emaminithini ambalwa, bese ubhala bese upholile. Gcoba i-polyethylene nesitolo esiqandisini ngaphambi kokuqala komkhosi. Hlanganisa ulimi ube yizincebe ezincane ngaphambi kokukhonza.

Ukudla okushisayo

Ingabe uhlela isidlo sakusihlwa? Thatha izithombe zezitsha ozilungiselele ngezandla zakho! Khonza amazambane abilisiwe ngebhotela noma amazambane ahlambulukile, ilayisi elimhlophe, iningi lemifino nemifino emisha. Izivakashi ezijabulisayo nezinkomba zenkomo. Ziyakwazi ukulungiswa kusuka ku-1 kg we-veal pulp noma inyama yenkomo, isinqumelo (100 g), ukhilimu omuncu (500ml), usawoti, unamathisele utamatisi (3 tbsp), umhlabathi omnyama.

Hlanganisa inyama bese ubanda efrijini. Yisike ngamacwecwe amancane kuwo wonke amafayili. Bashaya emaceleni omabili, ubeke etafuleni, pepper kanye nosawoti ngakolunye uhlangothi. I-Salo ibe yimigoqo emide enebukhulu obuyi-5 mm. Emaphethelweni epuleti yenyama, faka ibha bese ugoqa emgqeni. Yenza le nqubo ngawo wonke inyama. Thela amanzi amancane epanini, ubeke imiqulu bese uthela phezu kosawoti omuncu omuncu. Ukwenza, hlanganisa utamatisi unamakha kanye nosawoti omuncu kanye nenkathi ngosawoti. Beka umshini wobuciko emlilweni obuthakathaka bese ubamba phansi ngaphansi kwesembozo cishe amahora amabili.

Ingulube i- zrazy ngamakhowe kanye noshizi

Ukupheka kwesidlo sakusihlwa kufanele kwaziwe kubo bonke abathintekayo. Yimangalisa izihlobo zakho nge-ingulube zrazy nge shizi nama-mushroom. Lesi sidlo silungiswa kusuka ku-1 kg we-ingulube egayiwe, iqanda elilodwa, ibhotela (50 g), u-anyanisi amathathu, ubisi (20 ml), ama-mushroom amasha (400 g), ushizi onzima (100 g), isinkwa esingesigamu sesinkwa esimhlophe, usawoti, Umhlabathi omnyama we-pepper, i-wheat bran noma i-breadcrumbs.

Gcoba ubisi imizuzu engama-30 yesinkwa se-stale bese usika isibhamu esisodwa. Gwema isinkwa esingenamvubelo ngenyama enobuthi. Engeza pepper, usawoti uhlanganise. Ukwenza ukugcwalisa, usike anyanisi amabili, ushizi namakhowe ube ngamacube. With ibhotela, yenza okufanayo futhi uyibeke esiqandisini.

Anyanisi gazinga emafutheni we-sunflower ukuze abe nombala wegolide. Ukupaka i-pan ne-anyanisi faka amakhowe, okudingeka ukhibhe kuze kuphekwe. Pepper nosawoti ukunambitha. Hlukanisa izingcezu ezingu-8 zezinyosi, yenza ikhekhe kulo. Phakathi nendawo yibeka ukugxila, ushizi kanye nocezu lwebhotela. Ama-cutlets ama-oval aphuphuthekile, uwafake ngezinkwa zezinkwa futhi uwafake ezinhlangothini zombili kuze kuphekwe.

Kish

Ungesabi, wonke umuntu uzothanda ukudla kwakho. Izitsha ezibalwe ngenhla zizokwenza umkhosi wakho ungalibaleki. Popotchuyte izivakashi pie "Kish" nge salmon shrimp kanye pink. Kudingeka ube nengxenye yekhilogram kafulawa, ibhotela elibandayo (300 g), amaqanda amabili, usawoti, ukhilimu omuncu (2 tbsp.). Ukugcwaliswa kulungiselelwe kusuka ku-300 amagremu ama-shrimp abilisiwe, ushizi onzima (200 g), i-salmon iyabhema (300 g). Ukuze uthele, thenga amaqanda ama-4 kanye no-cream (400 ml).

Sika ngebhotela lommese, engeza usawoti, ufulawa uphinde ugaxe ingxube ibe yinto encane. Engeza ukhilimu omuncu namaqanda bese uguqula inhlama. Kufanele ilale phansi cishe imizuzu engamashumi amathathu. Bese uyifaka ngesimo se-pie, bese uyibopha ngezandla zakho ukuze izinhlangothi ziqonde. Vala umshini wokusebenza ngesikhumba, u-oiled, futhi phezu kwawo ubeke ipuleti esiceleni esilinganisweni esingaphansi kwesimo. Phezulu kwalendawo yokuklama ukucindezelwa. Lokhu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukubhaka akuphakamisi inhlama. Bhaka imizuzu engama-30 kuhhavini, uphuthelwe kuma-degree angu-200.

Ngesizathu esilungelekile, faka izinhlanzi ezihlutshiwe nezinhlanzi, uthathe ama-cubes, ufafaze ushizi. Hlanganisa ukhilimu ngamaqanda kanye ne-whisk. Thela ikhekhe ngobuningi bomoya bese uyibuyisela kuhhavini. Bhaka ubuhle cishe imizuzu engu-30.

Mhlawumbe uzofaka ezinye izitsha kwimenyu yesidlo sakusihlwa. Ukudla kwasekhaya kuye kwacatshangwa ukuthi kuyona okumnandi kakhulu. Kodwa kwenzeka ukuthi izivakashi zikhona emnyango, futhi izindlela zokudla okusheshayo zidala ukuhlaselwa kobuvila nokwesaba. Namathisela kumafriji esiqandisini sabathengi abathembekile be-sushi, pizza nama-pies ase-Ossetian. Uzobe usulungele ukuthola izivakashi ngokushesha, futhi ngeke zihlale zilambile.