Destroyer uhlobo "umholi": izici

Ukwakhiwa nokugcinwa esimweni esihle Navy - kuyabiza. Ngokusobala, ngakho-ke, Navy IsiRashiya sinamagama eside underfinanced. Esikhathini esingaphezu kweminyaka engamashumi amabili, imikhumbi entsha cishe behlele emanzini, neSoviet "ifa" avame kakhulu wathumela laqaqwa noma amapeni kwathengiswa phesheya. Kodwa manje kwase baphendukela ukulungisa ukuzivikela, kwafika abanye imali, futhi isimo inqubomgomo angaphandle libonisa ngokucacile isidingo ndlela. Akunjalo kudala cindezela libike ukuthi eko (kunalokho, phakathi kwabo) iyofana amukelwa entsha ngumbhubhisi. Umholi noma ukhishwa inyumbazane? Lo mbuzo ungaphendulwa kuphela ngokuhlaziya labo Imininingwane ngempela mancane okwamanje. Ziyakwazi ezimbalwa, kodwa zikhona. An project wokuvelela igama layo uthi. "Munye onguMholi" Ukuhlangabezana uhlobo ngumbhubhisi.

Isimo samanje ngoxhaxha

Imikhumbi eside, kodwa kwakungeke kube umlibe. Bona akusebenzi ngokwengqondo nangokomzimba ziwohloka ngaphansi ukucindezela emagagasini olwandle, ukukhathala metal. Sezigugile amabombo kanye ukulimala zikagesi, izinjini ezinamandla, njengoba ngobumnene ngemva kwabo kungukuthi wanakekela, ukuthuthukisa impilo yabo yenkonzo. Ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi yokubusa imiphumela yesikhathi eside ezayo ukulwa imikhumbi kaseyili ezivela eRussia izohlala ndaba kancane iyunithi. 956 Projects ( "Modern"), 1155 ( "susa") futhi 1164 ( "Moscow") otsluzhat wakhe. Hlale 'Petr Veliky "," u-Admiral Nahimov "futhi" Admiral Kuznetsov "(yenethiwekhi), kodwa ngaphandle isigaba ohambisana ukusetshenziswa kwabo kuyinkinga, ngisho entsha. Umsebenti patrol Yiqiniso, bakwazi ukufeza missile ngwenya, kodwa imininingwane ukuphila kwabo ethule cwaka, futhi esasinedumela elibi, "ifulege ukuboniswa," bona icala, ngenxa yezizathu ezisobala, akukwazi. Kulesi simo, ukwakhiwa eside abachithi we "uMholi" kubalulekile.

Yini eyenzekayo US?

Ngemva kokuwa eU.SSR ukuthuthukiswa kwe-US amabutho ahlomile ehamba nabanye ukungalingani elihlobene ne-kwesasa we ukuhamba kusukela yesigameko isitha esikhulu ezingaba khona. Umphumela waba semuva (esadaleka kunalokho kungalindelekile) emkhakheni amasu isiteleka amabutho, kodwa imikhumbi e-US aqhubeka ikhokhwe a lot of ukunakwa. NePentagon isabelomali omkhulu, kuba izikhathi eziningana ephakeme ukwedlula imali yokusekela Armed Forces of yiliphi izwe (Russia, isibonelo), kanye phezu eside futhi emikhulu amaphrojekthi lemali ubuholi US Akazisoli. Ukuqalisa "ngumbhubhisi we xxi leminyaka" uhlobo "Zamvolt" ezinophawu ukwanda e-US izifiso global. Lokhu umkhumbi Yakhiwa ikhumbula zonke izidingo zamanje nezesikhathi esizayo, kuba kancane obonakalayo kuya kwe-radar kanye has izikhali ezinamandla kakhulu. Kungakhathaliseki ngumbhubhisi Russian uzokwazi uthayipha "uMholi" ukuba ngimbuze la mandla? Yiziphi izinzuzo iyoba zanamuhla?

Nokho, futhi overestimate engilakhele isithunzi sobukhulu abachithi American kungaba kancane ngaphambi kwesikhathi. "Zamvolt" kwakubiza kakhulu ngisho gipergigantskogo lempi Isabelomali USA. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona izibonelo eziningi imali kahle by nePentagon. superesminets Ukuba ihlangabezana zonke izidingo inqubo American: yena a big, scary gnarly, kubiza imali eningi, kodwa siyoba yini ukusebenza yayo yemidlalo yangempela laseThire elingasolwandle ezempi, kunzima kakhulu ukusho.

Kungani ngumbhubhisi?

Kuze kube manje, e Ukwahlukaniswa imikhumbi ukucabangela tonnage yabo. Nokho, lezi "Zamvolta" American ukhombise displacement imiqondo bebheke ukuhlanganiswa. Displacement we isizukulwane esisha abachithi we "uMholi" futhi uhambisane ekilasini kakhulu missile guided impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu (mayelana 11-12 thous. Amathani). Lokhu silinganiso kunqunywa ezicini eziningana, kuhlanganise ukwanda engaba tekusebenta (imikhumbi eside akuzona ezincane), inala electronics kanye antenna izinhlelo, kanye izici of energy of sokuphehla amandla. Kungani kuthiwa waba umbhubhisi, hhayi impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu? Le ndaba ibaluleke umqondo ngemibono kakhulu. Ukuqokwa "umholi" iwukuba ulwe izikhungo elisogwini ukumelana (for kokwehla) imikhumbi amakilasi ezahlukene isitha, kanye emoyeni kanye nemigomo ngaphansi kwamanzi. Lokhu sikwazi ukwenza izinto ezihlukahlukene kuyinto ejwayelekile kubabulali.

amandla plant

umklamo nekutfutfuka kwelizinga waba umbhubhisi le "uMholi" (futhi kulesi sigaba manje) ihlinzeka ukuthi kungenzeka kuhlomisa enuzi ngokuhlakaza ukuthi umkhumbi ukuphi noma injini igesi ophephela. Izinzuzo esikhungweni samandla enuzi zisobala: inikeza cishe angenamkhawulo Cruising ibanga, ukuzimela okusezingeni eliphezulu futhi, Isimanga siwukuthi, iningi inzuzo, wezwakalisa njengoba kuncipha yokusebenza kanye Logistics izindleko (asikho isidingo ukuletha amafutha ezindaweni ezithe ukuqhela olwandle emhlabeni). Buhle ezivamile igesi ophephela isitshalo - cheapness yayo isihlobo. Yikuphi imiqondo kuyovama kusazobonakala, kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi uhlobo olusha ngumbhubhisi "uMholi" bayokhululwa izinguqulo ezimbili, kuye ngokuthi amaphuzu Esekela. Ihamba we mabutho Northern and Pacific, kubonakala zidinga ukuzimela esikhulu, futhi oLwandle Olumnyama kuyoba okwanele igesi ophephela amandla plant.

Izici Eyabikezelwa

idatha yomsebenzi wempi yesimanje, njengoba umthetho, awazange wakwambula, kodwa njengoba kuphela mayelana nomklamo walo, nokunye okuningi. Nokho, ezinye izici ngumbhubhisi we "uMholi" ayikaziwa. . Futhi kukhombisa wathi displacement 12 amathani, esekelwe ulwazi olutholakala kusikisela ukuthi le-athomu ukubulawa ijubane 30 ifindo liyoqina, futhi nge ophephela igesi - kancane kancane. Akungabazeki ukuthi ukuklanywa nokwakhiwa ngeke icabange impumelelo eziphambili kakhulu emkhakheni ekusithekeni futhi ngenxa yalokho kufanele alindele umkhumbi angularity ukuma komklamo, njengoba kufakazelwa izithombe eshicilelwe izakhiwo emfushane. Nokho, ithi ayifane okusansimbi ngeke, wabuka kubuyise obugagu ejwayelekile semikhumbi Navy Russian.

zikagesi

imikhumbi wanamuhla ngokuyinhloko kunqunywa nomthamo ukulwa imininingwane yayo kanye nokulawula uhlelo. Yini-ke uyobe ezithembisa ngumbhubhisi uhlobo "uMholi" - ayaziwa, futhi emashumini eminyaka ezayo, lokhu igebe ulwazi akunakwenzeka ukuba kulungiswe. Navigation imishini kanye nempahla isiqondiso is njalo ngcono, kanye imoto ngonyaka ozayo wabeka kuphela, intuthuko esivezwa of zikagesi kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba singaphethi ngokuthi iyohluka ngempela kunalokho manje. Ngokuqondene asebenzayo ukucindezelwa izinhlelo zokuxhumana nokulawula isitha ke impumelelo samanje Russian design bureau ithemba ukusebenza umxhwele kakhulu ekulenzeni libe namandla.

izikhali

Missile kanye wezikhali izinhlelo nazo ezishintsha njalo, futhi ngokushesha kakhulu, kodwa uma wencike ezingeni lamanje imishini isiRashiya, kuthathwa ngokuthi ngumbhubhisi we "uMholi" uzobe ifakwe ephezulu ukucacisa cruise kweminsalo, yesikhathi eside "Calibre" futhi leSupersonic "Onyx". Okwamanje, esigabeni ukuhleleka okuhle kuyinto rocket anti-aircraft missile uhlelo S-500, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi uthole indawo yayo ohlelweni ukuzivikela ngaphandle komkhumbi. Wezikhali kungenzeka ethulwa abhanqiwe 152-mm iyunithi ( "Coalition" uhlobo). Yiqiniso, mahhala futhi ngaphandle torpedoes ngumbhubhisi. Wing - izindiza ezimbili. Futhi kuyoba ngisho njengoba engaziwa umphakathi.

Ubunzima kanye namathemba

Izinkinga kule ubudlelwane Russian-Ukraine baye balungisa izimo zabo futhi kule phrojekthi izikebhe. Kunalokho, uNicholas abaphehla ugesi, ukukhiqizwa okuhloswe ukubeka efektri "Zorya-Mashproekt" ngibeké Rybinsk Motors (ubuchwepheshe babo ukukhiqizwa kusekhona ukufunda). Izindleko ngumbhubhisi ngamunye lilinganiselwa ku-cishe izigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezimbili zama-dollar amanani efanayo. Nakuba ukwakhiwa amayunithi eziyisithupha okuhleliwe. Lapha, eqinisweni, konke mayelana ngumbhubhisi we "uMholi" ezaziwayo. Akungabazeki into eyodwa ngokuqinisekile izoya inkonzo Navy Russian.