Biography emfushane Ahmatovoy Anny Andreevny

Anna Andreevna Ahmatova, imbongi omkhulu Russian, wazalwa ngo-June 11, 1889. Okwazalelwa laliwumuzi Odessa, lapho uyise, yesikhulu lezinceku Gorenko AA, wayesebenza njengoba wemishini. Unina, IE Stogova, wayehlobene imbongi wokuqala Russian casula Buninoy. Maternally Akhmatova kwadingeka Tartar ukhokho Akhmad Khan, egameni lakhe, futhi yena kwakheka isidlaliso.

ebuntwaneni

Biography emfushane Akhmatova likhuluma ngesikhathi lapho kwaba unyaka owodwa ubudala uphuthunyiswe Tsarskoye Selo. Elapho Waphila iminyaka engu nesithupha. Phakathi izinkumbulo bokuqala yena njalo wagubha omangalisayo oluhlaza epaki, race ithrekhi ngamahhashi amancane ezimibalabala, esiteshini ubudala. Akhmatova wachitha nezinyanga zasehlobo ogwini ethekwini Musketeers, eduze Sevastopol. Wayengumngane curious kakhulu. Ngokushesha ngafunda ukufunda e zamagama Lva Tolstogo. Ngilalelisisa lapho uthisha eyingoduso French nezingane amadala, futhi eminyakeni emihlanu, wayengakhuluma uqobo. Biography kanye lokusungula Akhmatova okokuqala eduze okwakuthandelene, lapho eseneminyaka engu-nanye kuphela ubudala. Ngalesi ubudala, wabhala inkondlo yakhe yokuqala. Wafunda intombazane e Tsarskoye Selo esikoleni. Ekuqaleni, lanikeza kunzima. Nokho, maduzane nje, izinto zihambe ngcono kakhulu.

intsha

Biography emfushane Akhmatova kumelwe Akuvezi yokuthi unina ngo-1905, yena wehlukana nomyeni wakhe futhi eshukunyiswa indodakazi yakhe Yevpatoria, futhi ukusuka lapho saya Kiev. Kukulo muzi lapho Anna wangeniswa Fundukleyev esikoleni, futhi ngemva kokuphela Izifundo Ephakeme yabesifazane, ngesikhathi Faculty of Law. Sonke lesi sikhathi naye wayenesithakazelo esijulile izincwadi kanye nomlando.

Nikolay Gumilyov

Nge Nikolaem Gumilevym Anna ahlangana naye lapho yena ngisesemncani khulu, futhi kwaba nane. ingalandela Spunky ngokushesha wamthanda ne Akhmatova enhle. Uthando lungaboniswa ngokuthi ngeshwa, njengoba azenzile izandla zakhe lover hhayi ngokushesha. kaningana kwamenza ukunikezwa ziyaqhubeka zenqaba. Kwakungenxa nje ngo-1909, Akhmatova uyavuma. Bashada ngo-Ephreli 25, 1910. Biography emfushane Akhmatova kungenzeka ingabonisi ngokugcwele usizi nathemba lokhu emshadweni. Nicholas eyenziwa umkakhe ezingalweni zakhe, ezikhulekelwa nokunakekela ezemvelo. Nokho, ngesikhathi esifanayo kaningi enginakho lithandana ohlangothini. Ngo-1912, lapho aqala khona ukuthandana ngempela nomshana wakhe osemncane Masha Kuzmina-Karavayev. Ngokokuqala ngqá, Akhmatova waketulwa kusukela esisekelweni salo. ukujika okunjalo imicimbi yena wehluleka, ngakho wanquma ukuthatha isinyathelo yenza ngokuphelelwa yithemba. Ngawo lowo nyaka wabeletha indodana. Ngokuphambene nalokho okwakulindelwe kuye, nomyeni wakhe wathatha lo mcimbi ngempela kubanda futhi kwaqhubeka ukushintsha.

ekudalweni

Ngo-1911 Akhmatova kuhanjiswe ku Petersburg. Kulomuzi Akhmatova Museum eyovulwa kamuva. Lapha yena bahlangana Bloc futhi eyanyatheliswa okokuqala ngaphansi leli gama lakhe. Udumo ukuqashelwa beza kuye ngo-1912 ngemva kokukhululwa kwe-iqoqo izinkondlo, "Kusihlwa." Ngo-1914, yena ukhiphe iqoqo "ecacile" bese ngo-1917 - "White Emhlambini '. indawo Lobalulekile kubo uhlobo lothando izinkondlo izinkondlo ekhaya Akhmatova sika.

ukuphila Siqu

Ngo-1914, umyeni Akhmatova sika Gumilyov iya phambili. Isikhathi sakhe esiningi esisetshenziswa izindlu Gumilyovs Slepnevo esifundazweni Tver. Biography emfushane Akhmatova uthi okunye ukuthi eminyakeni emine yena elahla indoda yakhe, agane futhi Shileiko imbongi VK Ngo-1921 waba bhila Icala elithweswe Gumilyov, futhi wabekwa icala ukuhileleka ugobe inguquko, e okufanayo edutshulwa. Ngokushesha ngo-1922, Akhmatova likulahla nomyeni wakhe wesibili futhi okuxhumanisa lithandana Punin, ngubani wayeboshwa kathathu. Impilo poetess kwakunzima futhi kudabukisa. Indodana yakhe ozithandayo Lev waboshwa iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-10.

Ube nezikhathi ezinzima nezimnandi

Ngo-1921, ngo-Okthoba no-April, u-Anna ukhiphe amaqoqo amabili, okwakukhona kulo zokugcina ngaphambi isiqeshana omude kokwengamela ukucwaninga izinkondlo. Esikhathini eko, Akhmatova yabekwa ukugxekwa, eyeka zokunyathelisa. Igama lakhe ushabalala emakhasini nomagazini nezincwadi. Imbongi aphoqeleka ukuba aphile ngobumpofu. Kusukela ngo-1935 kuya ku-1940, Akhmatova usebenzela yakhe edumile ethi "Requiem". La mavesi yezwe lenkaba Akhmatova sika zokuhlupheka kwabantu, ngilinqobile izinhliziyo ezigidi zabantu. Kulesi umsebenzi, kodwa kuveza ukufa kabuhlungu ezinkulungwane zabesifazane Russian ngubani bephoqeleka ukuba balinde abayeni babo, njengoba esephumile ejele, ukukhulisa izingane ubumpofu. izinkondlo wakhe kwaba ngendlela emangalisayo eduze eziningi. Naphezu kokuvinjelwa, siyathandwa begodu ufunde. Ngo-1939, uStalin wakhuluma kahle imisebenzi Akhmatova, futhi waqala ukusakaza futhi. Kodwa njengasekuqaleni, la mavesi kakhulu zazihlolwa.

Ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe

Ngesikhathi kuqala impi Anna Akhmatova (Biography emfushane kumele Akuvezi lokhu) kuyinto eLeningrad. Ngokushesha waya eMoscow, bese zayiswa Tashkent, lapho ahlala khona waze 1944. Akukona bahlala banganandaba futhi bayazama ukulungisa nokugcina isimo salo amasosha. Akhmatova wasiza izibhedlela wakhuluma aphindaphinde phambi eyayilimele. Ngalesi sikhathi, wabhalela ngenkondlo okuthiwa "Isifungo", "isibindi", "uqhekeko engadini bemba." Ngo-1944, wabuyela Leningrad zonakale. umbono wakhe esibi ovela lokho akubona, yena uchaza e indzabambhalo "Three-lilac."

ngemva kwempi

1946 akuzange Akhmatova injabulo, noma okungenani impumuzo. Yena, kanye nabanye abalobi kwaphinde ngaphansi ukugxekwa olunzima. Yena waxoshwa Writers 'Union, okwakusho ukuba kuphele iziphi ezinye izincwadi. Imbangela zonke kwaba umhlangano British umbhali mlando Berlin. Kwaphela isikhathi eside wahlanganyela kule nguqulo Akhmatova. Ezama ukulondoloza indodana yakhe ejele, u-Anna wabhala izinkondlo ekudumiseni uStalin. Nokho, lokhu umhlatshelo ayizange yamukelwe. Lev Gumilyov wadedelwa kuphela ngo-1956. Ekupheleni yempilo Anna Akhmatova wakwazi ukunqoba ukumelana bureaucratic futhi alethe amakghonwabo isizukulwane esisha. Encwadini yakhe ethi "Running Isikhathi," esanyatheliswa ngo-1965. Bekavumelekile ukuthatha umklomelo etemibhalo Ethno Taormina, kanye zobudokotela kusukela Oxford University. Mashi 5, 1966, ezihambayo isifo senhliziyo ezine, u-Anna Akhmatova wafa. imbongi Russian wangcwatshwa eduze Leningrad, ku Komarovskoe emathuneni. Imemori lalona wesifazane omkhulu uyaqhubeka Akhmatova Museum. Itholakala Petersburg, ku Sheremetev Palace.