Aristotle: amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngokuphila kanye biography

Yaqanjwa sefilosofi esingumGreki edume uyazi, cishe wonke umuntu. Futhi indlela wazalwa futhi wahlala Aristotle adumile? Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo evela ukuphila cishe owaziwa hhayi kuwo wonke umuntu ... Konke ukuze.

umlando omncane

Ngakho, emuva 384 BC, kuleyandawo elalisemagcekeni ensimini ka aseMakedoniya yasendulo, umndeni udokotela yamaGreki asendulo ozalwa abaziwa umhlaba wonke esikhathini esizayo sefilosofi u-Aristotle. Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo nokuphila lo muntu omkhulu, mhlawumbe, kungaba ukwazi wonke umuntu. Nokho, namuhla bengekho imfihlo!

Lapho ngineminyaka engu-15 ubudala, abayizintandane, yena wayeyedwa vó. Nokho, ngokushesha yaba umnakekeli wakhe nomyeni wakhe. Nguye owethulwa Aristotle ekubeni umsebenzi kaPlato, ngaleso sikhathi wasebenza njengomfundisi e-Athens. Kancane kancane, lo muntu eba isithombe wesazi sefilosofi esizayo, futhi nje 3 kweminyaka, u-Aristotle wangena Academy lapho ayesebenzela futhi uPlato. Ukuvulwa Aristotle yakhe impumelelo isayensi yaqashelwa. Ngemva kwesikhashana waqala ukufundisa yena Academy.

I okwalandela isiphetho

Ngemva kokufa kaPlato e 347 BC. e., u-Aristotle iyiswe altare. Lapho, wamenywa esikhundleni sokuba umfundisi indodana iNkosi uPhilip, ogama lakhe lalingu- Aleksandrom Makedonskim. Eminyakeni embalwa Aristotle wanika izifundo kuya indlalifa yasebukhosini okwakuwukuphela. Nokho, ngo-339, umsebenzi wakhe kule umndeni iphelile - Yafa-ke inkosi, futhi u-Alexander ungasawusebenzisi kwezemfundo. Ngakho-ke, isazi sefilosofi, nganquma ukuvele ngiye emuva Athens.

Manje ukuphila-Aristotle yayihluke kakhulu. Wabuyela abadumile, ihlonishwe futhi ethandwa. Lapha livula esikoleni sakhe, okuyinto wabiza "Lyceum". Ezemfundo kwaba okungavamile - Aristotle safundisa Metaphysics, i-physics kanye dialectics, wanqamula engadini yakhe.

Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, ngo-323 BC. e., washiya Athens yalungisa kwelinye idolobha elincane nokunokuthula yaseGrisi. Kukhona ngonyaka kamuva eneminyaka engu-62, ushonele ekuguleni isisu emhlabeni wonke , isazi sefilosofi esaziwayo Aristotle. Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo nokuphila lo muntu, owasinda, bayamangala kakhulu futhi akumangalisi lokhu.

1. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuthi enenkosikazi ngegama Pythias yaziwa. Ngokushesha umndeni wazalwa indodakazi, u ogama lakhe behlonipha unina.
2. Futhi ngemva kokuzalwa kwendodana yakhe, wambiza Nikomaha. Ngenxa zenzakalo ngeshwa oyedwa wafela esemncane, futhi ngemva kweminyaka eminingi ngemva kwakhe u-Aristotle ubiza iqoqo lakhe izinkulumo. Phela, isazi sefilosofi esingumGreki u, uyise futhi ngokuthi Nicomachus.
3. Aristotle kwadingeka intombi eseceleni amabili: Palaephatus futhi Gerpilis, owokugcina owawungumnyaka nomama wendodana yakhe.
4. Izinto uthando erudite kakhulu: biology, ngokuphila kwezilwane nokubhula ngezinkanyezi kuyahlobana.
5. Izindawo lapho sefilosofi wenza uneqhaza elikhulu - kuyinto izibalo, imithetho yokuziphatha, logic, umculo, izinkondlo, ezombusazwe kanye yaseshashalazini.
6. isayensi okunjalo, njengoba causality, yasungulwa ngu-Aristotle uyachaza ukuthi kungani kungase kube yizinto ezithile.
7. Aleksandr Makedonsky kanye sibalo yamaGreki asendulo babengabangane abakhulu. Siyazi futhi ukuthi ngaye lo mbusi waletha amasampula kusuka emazweni ayenqotshiwe. Ngemva kokufa kwakhe, isazi sefilosofi ilahlekelwe kwayo.

Aristotle wabhala izincwadi eziningi. Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo nokuphila lo muntu ukuthi iningi umsebenzi wakhe lulahlekile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukuze ezisekhona kuphela-ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu imisebenzi yakhe.