North izinhlaka zokuxhumana zobuchopho (apula): incazelo ezihlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi ukutshala kanye nokubuyekeza

Manje-ke kwenzeka ukuthi lodaba yokuziqhenya futhi uthando wensimu ezindaweni ezinezinga lokushisa elithokomele Sekuyisikhathi eside bebheka bonke sama-apula esithelayo esihlahleni. maqondana esikhethekile sabazalwane izinhlobo sekwephuzile-ukukhula, ine omuhle kakhulu ukugcinwa ikhwalithi izithelo futhi alondoloze zonke izakhiwo ezuzisayo lonke eside nezinyanga zasebusika. Kuyinto enjalo izihlahla zezithelo zihlanganisa apula sesitshalo izinhlaka zokuxhumana zobuchopho North kutshalwa ngempumelelo cishe zonke izifunda Russian, eminyakeni ecishe ibe ikhulu. Mayelana naye, bese utshela salolu shicilelo.

Apple isihlahla Northern izinhlaka zokuxhumana zobuchopho: incazelo ezihlukahlukene

Isiko nokuvuthwa sekwephuzile futhi umkhiqizo ukukhethwa Russian kuyinto eyingqabavu izithelo zomuthi umqhele ezibanzi. Kasibili yigama elifanelekayo, lokhu apula Simila sezulu esihlukahlukene nzima, ezazidume ngokutshala kwezimo ezinzima, ezindaweni ethile efana iVolga, Central Black Earth Region, Eastern eSiberia, nakuba ngezinye apula lokuqala izinhlobo isikhule ezindaweni yendabuko eningizimu.

Isici nobuntu lokhu ezihlukahlukene kubhekwa amagatsha amakhulu main ne qeda kuzo inqwaba amahlumela ezithela izithelo - side, mncane, crankshafts kanzima camera grey ansundu amagxolo. amahlamvu aluhlaza abe naphakathi nendawo lemicu empunga elinamathela othini bendabuko kanye ngokuphawulekayo pubescent. Lezi zimbali ziba zinkulu kakhulu, nge obucayi pink amacembe. Nqampuna ewela kwekwindla, izithelo uvuthwe ngokuphelele ubusika. Ibanga ngokwengxenye samoplodnye, isivuno salo luyanda ekutshaleni okuxubile.

Isici ngokumangalisayo isithelo sisuke storability esihle apula. Bona bagodla wonke ukunambitheka kanye qinani isikhalazo ezibukwayo izinyanga 7-8 ngemva kokwakhiwa idiphozi endaweni engaphansi cool noma esiqandisini.

isithelo

ukunambitheka Emangazayo nokubukeka apula North izinhlaka zokuxhumana zobuchopho. Apple (balimi Izibuyekezo uqinisekise lesi) kunikeza isithelo Usayizi medium, ukufinyelela ifomu 120-130 g laphetha, kancane oyindilinga noma stakanchatoy. I ikhasi bushelelezi, abushelelezi, nge isitoreji eside imbozwe a wax zemvelo, esivikela umbungu kusuka umswakama ukulahleka. apula wathela ngesineke ithoni liluhlazana noma aphuzi, ngesikhathi nokuvuthwa yokugcina ehlanganiswa othi awube uthulisiwe obomvu, ivele lokuqala Kushintshiwe kwelanga izinhlangothi. Ziningi elikhanyayo iphuzu ongama ku izithelo kuyabonakala. ngezinye izikhathi okuncane uginindela namanzi naphakathi kwabantu tints ezimhlophe uthola ithoni kancane ogqamile. Akunakwenzeka ukuba uqaphele ukunambitheka omuhle apula kuleli kilasi: zimnandi, okukhanyayo, okumuncu-sweet, ne ezicashile spice amanothi bendabuko apula iphunga.

It waphawula ukuthi isithelo enhle ikakhulukazi etholakale lapho ihlobo efudumele, futhi ekwindla - nge abalulekile kakhulu lokushisa izinguquko, emini okusezingeni eliphezulu nobusuku cishe zero. Ngakho-ke, wensimu abanolwazi neze ezisheshayo nge isivuno, wazi ukuthi apula underripe ethathwe kwesihlahla ngeke nje ujabulise ukunambitheka, kodwa futhi ngeke agcinwe, ngokushesha fade. North izinhlaka zokuxhumana zobuchopho - apula, izithelo wonkhe: basuke ngokulinganayo kudliwa kahle fresh futhi kukhishwe zonke izinhlobo kophudingi, iziphuzo kanye nokudla okusemathinini. Ehlukile ukunambitheka apula ebusika ukunikeza iwayini ekhaya futhi iklabishi isibilile nabo simele emangalisayo firming Vitamin isaladi.

Izici apula izinhlobo Northern izinhlaka zokuxhumana zobuchopho: isithunzi

Amazing isikhathi eside, isiko akalilahlile ngokuhlathulula ukusebenza kwawo namuhla, ukuba eziningi eziwusizo obungenakuphikwa. Ngaphandle ikhono sekushiwo zizogcinwa u-Adalberto isikhathi eside, le enyakatho apula izimfanelo esingokwemvelo ezifana:

• ukubukeka ekuseni. Ecasulwe isitshalo esincane eba ngokushesha ukuze apula kuqala kungenziwa abethela ingakapheli iminyaka 5-6. Ngo-apula izihlahla kuwo ku rootstocks into encane, yabonisa ngcono zokunambitha isithelo imfundo yabo unyaka 2-3 emva kokutshala;

• Izinga Izinga eliphezulu hardiness ebusika.

• Ukumelana High ukuba uqweqwe nezinye izifo ezivamile.

• Isilinganiso nesomiso ukubekezelelana.

• umkhiqizo okuphezulu. Nge kwesihlahla oneminyaka engu-15 ubudala isuswe isivuno kuze kufinyelele 170 kg. Apple izihlahla, wangenela engu-20 mlando, ukunciphisa umkhiqizo. Izinhlobonhlobo lungekho ngaphansi subsidence yena izithelo kuqala.

• ukunambitheka Excellent elimnandi apula lesidze.

Abalimi Akukhona nje bayakwazisa lokhu ezihlukahlukene. North izinhlaka zokuxhumana zobuchopho - apula, ukunikela abalimi ithuba eliyingqayizivele zokulusebenzisa njengoba isisekelo ukuvela izinhlobo ezintsha apula izihlahla. North izinhlaka zokuxhumana zobuchopho - umsunguli we Orlovsky izinhlaka zokuxhumana zobuchopho, ubusika eMoscow, eMoscow, nezinye izinhlobo sekwephuzile.

I yokuntula of izinhlobo

Nebubi yalesi sihlahla izithelo zimbalwa futhi kunalokho ezivamile. Phakathi kwabo kukhona:

• Ukuncishiswa izindawo commercial ezimweni lapho eliphakeme ezithela kungenzeka.

• izithelo multidimensional.

• Ukuthunyelwa ngasekupheleni apula yokuvuthwa.

Uma ushintsha ngesikhathi fruiting izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwamandla omuntu yomuntu, okuyovimbela nezinye izinto ezimbili esohlwini ngangokunokwenzeka. Iqiniso lokuthi North izinhlaka zokuxhumana zobuchopho - apula, zidinga ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela - Ukusincwela saziso, ukuhlinzeka njalo elawulwa izithelo ekwakhekeni, kanye nekhono ugcine umqhele esihlahleni esimweni esejwayelekile, enika bandisa izithelo uthola ngokwanele ukushisa kwelanga. Ngakho, isithelo ungagwema ukonakala futhi ukulahlekelwa izindawo commercial. Ngesisekelo ezinhle futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, isivuno esheshayo - zokutshala efanele ukunakekela okuphusile izitshalo ezisencane. We bakutshele mayelana izindlela zokulima kudingekile ukuthi ukukhula ezinhle esihlahleni.

Ukulungiselela esihlalweni

Ukuvuna incike izimo eziningi. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi Northern izinhlaka zokuxhumana zobuchopho - apula esihlahleni, lapho kubhekwa i undemanding, yena ngokucace iphendula zikhathi ezinzima. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuba sicabangele zonke izintandokazi zayo: ukuvikela okukhulu ngokumelene Ukungena ngokusebenzisa imimoya kanye nokuntuleka yokusondelana komhlaba. Khanyisa naphakathi loam nenhlabathi ne ukusabela hlangothi - phansi ezifanele kakhulu isiko elinjalo, Northern izinhlaka zokuxhumana zobuchopho. Apple, (libuyekeza balimi uqinisekise) ungethele nenhlabathi ezimanzi esindayo, ngokuphawulekayo sivimbela ukukhula futhi uyenqaba setha izithelo.

Imithi etshalwe ngesikhathi esingaba 4-5 m. Landing imigodi Ubukhulu incike ubukhulu izithombo, kodwa ngokuvamile okungenani 0.6 * 0.7 ipharamitha. Inombolo yomhlaba wonke yesikhungo imbobo isando eqinile count ukweseka ezincane nigcwalise wona nge inhlanganisela phansi inhlabathi ungqimba, humus kanye 50 c. superphosphate kanye potassium sulfate.

kokwehla

Ngaphambi umhlaba, yisithombo zihlolwe ngokucophelela ngokususa ebolile impande izinsalela. Plant emgodini enyakatho esigxotsheni ayisa. Izimpande waqonda futhi podsypaya phansi, kancane kancane bagcwalise emgodini. Yisithombo impande collar kufanele kube 4-5 cm ngaphezu komhlabathi, ke abalokothi hhayi ukuzumeka. Inhlabathi iziqu umuthi ohlangene ezungeze lo muthi uhlele umcamelo encane zokulondoloza amanzi uma ukuchelela. Ngemva betshala othola amanzi anele, zemithi semboza ngabo izithombo zezihlahla humus, chips izinkuni noma isitshalo izinsalela. Yisithombo iboshelwe ngokukhululekile Cola Twine esithambile.

ukunakekelwa

Fruiting isiko ngayinye incike Usizo lwezempilo olunikezwa. Ayikho ngaphandle naseNyakatho izinhlaka zokuxhumana zobuchopho. Apple, ukudalulwa kwalo okungahle iyadingeka, kuyakuba kusaladi kunesidingo, amanzi kanye m. N. Umhlabathi Uzithukululile ngezikhathi zemithi futhi ukhula. Phakathi neminyaka edlule, ikakhulukazi sokuvuna ophanayo, anakekele nokuvimbela waphuka izihlahla amagatsha ngaphansi isisindo apula wathela. Ngenxa yale njongo, sebenzisa eqinile isipele-Slingshot.

Ukuvundisa kanye neensetjenziswa

Iminikelo Umanyolo lapho wokutshala Ngaphakathi kwakunezigqiki ezithambile suffice iminyaka 2-3, bese izitshalo kufanele ukusuthisa, lemali ibalwa kuncike soil structure degree yayo wenzalo. Northern izinhlaka zokuxhumana zobuchopho zidinga ukuthambisa avamile Yiqiniso, nge orientation we izimo zezulu.

Owenza futhi ukusika

Sekudingeka ukuba kubunjwe umqhele apula. Lo msebenzi ngibopha wenziwa minyaka yonke kanti le migomo:

• susa umqhele gelled, okuholela wehlise ezithela futhi angakwazi izithelo;

• Ukuvimbela amagatsha amaphutha;

• uvuseleleke esihlahleni, okwandisa umthelela izithelo.

Ngokuvamile nika yakudala apula izihlahla ifomu ayingcosana-tiered, kwemizi lukaKhisimusi izitshalo. Vele yakha futhi Northern izinhlaka zokuxhumana zobuchopho. Apple, incazelo onikelwa zinyatheliswe Kumiswa e eziyizitezi ehlanganisa amagatsha amaningana lwamathambo esilinganayo at 0.3-0.5 m. Qala nge entwasahlobo wokuqala emva kokutshala.

ukunambitheka omuhle yezithelo, isivuno kanye ekuqaleni ukubukeka nobuntu isiko njengoba apula Northern izinhlaka zokuxhumana zobuchopho. Thenga izithombo namuhla ungaba abakhiqizi abaningi.