Uilber Ken: izingcaphuno, biography, ukubuyekezwa, ukugxeka

ulwazi yamanje wefilosofi, Psychology, ukwelashwa kwengqondo zidinga ukubuye zibukezwe. Ngakho uthi umlobi wezincwadi eziningi futhi izihloko zesayensi Ken Uilber. kwemvelo Ezingokomoya, kwenkululeko ezingaziwa, ukuthuthukiswa ukwazi, buyimfihlakalo nokuthi imvelo - kuphela ingxenye encane izithakazelo umbhali wesimanje.

Ngubani Wilbur?

Igama eliphelele - UKenneth Earl Wilber II - sefilosofi American, umbhali kanye umlobi, umhlaziyi kwengqondo transpersonal. E-US, kuba idluliselwa kakhulu kumbhali zezemfundo. Emibhalweni ongqondongqondo yesimanje ziqondiswe isihloko ukwazi inkolo. Ikakhulukazi umsebenzi Ken Wilber ukusetshenziswa indlela kuhlanganiswe ulwazi lwesayensi.

Ukuhlanganisa imiqondo yesimanje Western kusukela esikhathini esidlule aseMpumalanga, wazama ukuthatha bahlole bezibona lomuntu zomhlaba ezizungezile. Uma ucabangela ngendima yenkolo kwezempi umphakathi wanamuhla, wayekhetha izincwadi empumalanga. Ukuyiqonda injongo yangempela yokunikezwa ukungeneli kolwazi lwamanje emkhakheni wesayensi ukutadisha indoda, umbhali waya ekujuleni indlela edidiyelayo ucwaningo. Kudinga ulwazi ezivela emikhakheni ehlukahlukene ukuthi abavumelekile buyinqqikithi inikezwe.

Biography. Esakhula

Ken Wilber wazalwa-January 31, 1949 ku Oklahoma City (Oklahoma). Uyise wayengumGreki umshayeli wezempi, ngakho umndeni kwadingeka sithuthe njalo. Esikoleni wayengumuntu Achiever kanye nomholi - kaningana wakhetha ekilasini lakhe kanye usihlalo wekomiti esikoleni. Kuyona inikele kalula izabelo ukuthi kwakudinga ukucindezeleka kakhulu ngokwengqondo.

ezifezwayo Uilber Ken benza kwezemidlalo. Wayethanda football, yokuzijwayeza, basketball, volleyball umgijimo. Philosophy of Ngokuzayo yayiyinto eyinhloko ontanga yabo. Njengoba ukhuluma esemncane ayevelele ngomsebenzi omkhulu futhi sociability.

Isazi sefilosofi esizayo nesithakazelo kwezokwelapha ungathanda ukwazi amathuba isayensi. Lapho ephothula esikoleni esiphakeme, ayemiselwe ukuba kuphindwe kuthuthwe - e Lincoln, Nebraska. Isazi sefilosofi esizayo Ken Wilber, ogama biography has a lot of esonta kanye ematfuba, wahlala ethembekile imibono yakhe ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Ngemva kokuqeda isikole, wabhalisa e- Duke University (Durham, NC), lapho afundela khona imithi. Cishe ngokuphazima kweso, washintshelwa emuva Nebraska ukufunda oyisazi samakhemikhali ezinto eziphilayo. Manje wayazi kahle ukuthi izithakazelo zakhe - Psychology, ifilosofi, nezimfihlakalo. Emva kokuthola umfundaze, ngemva imfundo eziqu, Uilber Ken wagxila lokubhala, kusale izifundo zakhe.

Eshukunyiswe izincwadi zaseMpumalanga, ikakhulu izimfundiso Tao Te Ching, waqala ukuthuthukisa indlela ihlanganiswe esifundweni yesayensi yomuntu.

ukuphila Siqu

Ngo-1972, Ken wahlangana Emmi Vagner. Ngokushesha emva komshado. Ngalesi sikhathi wangenza ngamhlonipha nokufundisa. Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva isazi sefilosofi ezahlukweni isikhathi sakhe ngokubhala izincwadi. Ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi indlela yabo yokuziphilisa, uthatha umsebenzi ophansi (Umshini wokuwasha izitsha).

Ngo-1981, Ken kokuhlukanisa Amy namaqabunga ne ikhanda lakhe ukuze isebenze umagazini "Revizhn". Wathuthela e-Cambridge. iminyaka engu-2 kamuva, wahlangana umkakhe esizayo, uTerry Killam. Ngokushesha wabuya futhi esephethe is kutholakala ukuthi unomdlavuza webele, futhi umbhali ukwenza ekunakekeleni othandekayo iminyaka engu-3. Yena cishe eyeka umsebenzi etemibhalo kusuka 1984 kuya ku-1987.

Ngemva kokuthuthela e-Boulder (Colorado), Wilber K. noT Killen afake Awukude Buddhist University of Naropa. Ngo-1989, umka sefilosofi omkhulu efa. Ken uchaza isipiliyoni sabo kwezindlu zephalamende zombili kule ncwadi "Umusa futhi siqine."

Kuleyo ncwadi amazwana umbhali izindlela ezihlukahlukene ukuze lesi sifo kanye nokwelashwa, ucabange izinto owesilisa nowesifazane, ekhanyisa kungenzeka ekufezeni ngokuvumelana ngokuhlupheka nokuthobeka.

amabhuku

Ngo-1973, Ken Wilber uqeda umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala, "I Spectrum of Consciousness." Kule nkulumo wachaza ukuthi wenza umzamo ukuhlanganisa izikole ngokwengqondo eMpumalanga naseNtshonalanga. Abamemezeli abaningi wenqaba ukunyathelisa umbhali ngenxa yokuba yinkimbinkimbi impahla. iminyaka 4 kuphela kamuva umsebenzi Ken eshicilelwe umshicileli theosophical Quest Izincwadi.

Encwadini, Wilber ihlukanisa 5 amazinga bohlu ukwazi:

1. ezingeni ingqondo. Ngokusho ifilosofi zisetshenziswa, kuwukuphela ezingeni yangempela ukwazi. Unika indoda okwesula yonke imingcele. Ingqondo uyakwazi ukubonisa yonke izinto ezibonakalayo, futhi izwe imibono.
2. bands Transpersonal. Le ndawo super-ngabanye Spectral umuntu kungaphezu umzimba ngamanye.
3. ezingeni ekuphileni. Umuntu nabangane umzimba psychophysical. Uyabuqonda ngabodwa yabo nezwe. Kucaphelisisa umehluko wenchubo yayo kusukela nezinye izinto eziphilayo futhi imvelo kusiza ukuhlukanisa ngokwabo kusuka izethulo evamile engokoqobo.
4. Izinga ukuzazisa. Le ndoda ngosizo umcabango udonsa isithombe yena uchazwa nalo.
5. umthunzi ezingeni. Umuntu ezibiza ngokuthi ingxenye isithombe ukuzazisa. nombono onganembile ngendlela essence akho is hhayi kubonakala ngokugcwele.

Ukushicilelwa yencwadi alethwe Wilber ukuqashelwa emibuthanweni zezemfundo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uba Umhleli oyinhloko wephephandaba umagazini "Revizhn". Le ncwadi sidingida the Paradigm entsha yesayensi kwengqondo transpersonal.

Kusukela ngo-1983, umcwaningi iqala ngikujezise izinhlinzeko zoMthetho Psychology transpersonal. Ubhekisela amazinga aphansi. A nobunzima enkulu kuyoba "Ubulili, Lemvelo, Ingokomoya" (1995) emva kwekhefu elide. Ekupheleni kuka-90s, nguye co-umsunguli Institute Integral. imisebenzi kwesikhathi nombhali umqondo postmetafiziki ihlanganiswe futhi ebalulekile bunyenti methodological.

Imisebenzi umbhali yokugcina eshicilelwe zihlanganisa:

• "Iso Zomoya" (1997).
• "Wedding okubaluleke umphefumulo: Ukuhlanganisa Isayensi Nenkolo" (1998).
• 'Banambithe Omunye "(1999).
• "Theory ka Konke" (2000).

Ngo-2006, abacwaningi eshicilelwe iphepha "Ingokomoya Integral". Umbhali yindlela esemqoka engokomoyeni lomuntu.

Okwamanje, umlobi umutu abambisene naye emsebenzini "okusha zisetshenziswa nefilosofi." Sihlanganisa nezimfihlakalo bendabuko kanye imfundiso yokuziphendukela kwemvelo cosmic. Umqondo "isikhala" Wilber kuhlanganisa ngokomoya futhi noetic physicalist umbono. Ubiza njengoba ipumelelo Metaphysics yesimanje, futhi inkolelo-mbono ye-Zen Buddhism sika.

Olubanzi izithakazelo professional kanye ukubukwa yasekuqaleni zefilosofi ukwenza sefilosofi Ken Wilber sika okufakayo kakhulu isikhathi sethu.

izinkolelo zenkolo

Esikhathini esithile Ken uye amasu ukuzindla Buddhist. Libuye bagamanxa ezimfundisweni nasemikhubeni Madhamika Nagaryuna. passion zikaKen sezincwadi Oriental kwamthakazelisa kwakhe inkolo.

Encwadini "Ingokomoya Integral" Ken Wilber njengoba nje ibeka imibuzo ephathelene indima yesayensi, kwenkolo nengokomoya emphakathini wanamuhla. Ubhekisela ukubaluleka kokuzindla imikhuba, ukubukwa esempumalanga nengxenye esentshonalanga inkolo. Ken Wilber ingashintshwa ukuze ukubukwa wanamuhla ngokoqobo esikhathini esidlule.

Incwadi senzelwe abantu abanentshisekelo okwenzeka namuhla Psychology nefilosofi. Sihlanganisa indlela yokukhanyisela East imibono cultured kwezincwadi eNtshonalanga. Umbhali ukholelwa ukuthi ngalinye lala izindawo ulwazi kunomthelela ukudalwa isithombe esibanzi zomhlaba nengokomoya kuwo.

"Uma ungenalo ubungane Freud, uzobe nzima ukuya Buddha," - uthi sefilosofi.

Uilber Ken: A critique

indlela Wilber sika ebalulekile akuyona ngaphezu Metacritic izitayela ezinkulu yokucabanga besikhathi sethu. Ososayensi abaningi uphasiswe ngaphandle cordiality kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, Hans-Villi Vays uthi Wilber uhlelo ivaliwe futhi indlela yayo zokwenziwa akunangqondo. Ukuze omunye imisebenzi lombhali, uyanezela amazwana: "Metaphysics nesayensi abakwazi aphambana. ubufakazi Scientific kaNkulunkulu ngokwawo untenable. "

Uilber Ken yena, ogama izingcaphuno ivamile impela phakathi kwabantu zikude isayensi, kubhekwa sefilosofi sina kumibuthano zezemfundo.

sefilosofi Ukrainian Sergey Datsyuk ubhala ukuthi umcwaningi American akusho ukuhlukanisa phakathi nomqondo amasiko entshonalanga nasempumalanga. Yena ugxeka lwenethiwekhi yalezizindlela ngempela engahambisani nokucabanga. Ukuzuza le Union njengoba Datsyuk uthi, kungenzeka kuphela uma ngiqaphele yokuhlukanisa, khona ukuqonda ombaxambili ulimi, okuyinto bayasangana kogitatsionnoy uphawu (inqubo nolokubhujiswa ngiqaphele).

Ken Wilber: Izibuyekezo

Namuhla, izincwadi Ken Wilber sika zahunyushelwa ezilimini ezingaphezu kuka-30. Umbhali kakhulu efana zabafundi abakhuluma isiRashiya. Abaningi bathi ngemva kokufunda imisebenzi yakhe Ufake inkathi entsha ekuphileni kwami. Othile ecabanga sencwadi yakhe umhlahlandlela esenzweni. Impendulo ku-izinkundla anikelwe amabhuku Wilber sika, okwethulwa omuhle, izitatimende ngokuvamile evocative ngokomzwelo.

Echaza izinkinga eziningi ezingokwengqondo besikhathi sethu, Ken wakwazi ukukholisa umfundi isidingo synthesis ulwazi disparate bese usebenzisa kwezinsiza ezazingaziwa ukwazi. Sula ulimi kanye logic zokubukwa kuyinto esiqondile plus imisebenzi somlobi. Kanjani abafundi esibonga ziye zaphawula umsebenzi sefilosofi esidumile ekusizeni ngenhloso yokushintsha umqondo ogcwele lomuntu, ukwenza ngcono nokwandisa ke.

izingcaphuno sefilosofi

Kuningi wokuboniswa ethandwa wesazi sefilosofi American, othathwe encwadini ethi "Cha Imingcele" futhi "Umlando Omfushane Konke." Ngokwesibonelo, ubhala ukuthi okuningi kwalokhu Ukukuqonda kahle amaqiniso okuphila umuntu ozuza ngokuhlupheka. Ngakho-ke uba uyaphila kakhulu, uze uthi Ken Wilber. Izilinganiso ngothando ethulwa khona incwadi ethi "umusa ngokuzimisela."

Ngo umsebenzi "Cha Imingcele" umbhali uphawula ukuthi yonke into nje yamandla umngcele isipiliyoni. isitatimende ezithakazelisayo mayelana imvelo womuntu. Imvelo, ngokuvumelana Ken, eziningi ngobuchule kuka sicabanga. Inzondo zabanye azalelwe nokudelela izimfanelo zabo. Sibheka umuntu futhi, abakubonanga, yakho (kubonakala) kwamaphutha. Lezi izingcaphuno akuzona kuphela indlela self-ngcono, kodwa futhi ukuqonda kangcono umhlaba.

amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

Ukuthuthukisa amakhono akho okuthola lokubhala, Ken ukopishwa ngesandla wonke umsebenzi Alana Uotsa. Naphezu sociability nesikhundla asebenzayo zenhlalo, entsheni, abangane abaningi babecabanga ukuthi likhishwa kanye mnyewu.

Isazi sefilosofi omkhulu kunayo yonke futhi umbhali besikhathi sethu, umlobi wezincwadi eziningi athandwayo Uilber Ken wajoyina imibono cishe incongruous we esikhathini esidlule namanje. Waba lodestar kulabo abafuna ukuba bashintshe ukuphila kwabo kube ngcono.