Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov: inqubomgomo kanye namazwe angaphandle yenkosi

Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich wayeyindodana ngumbusi wokuqala eMoscow we Romanovyh Mihaila Fodorovicha nomkakhe Evdokia Lukianovna. Enyukele sobukhosi 1645 emva kokufa kukayise. Empilweni yakhe yonke , Mikhail Fedorovich ephethwe sokuqongelela izingane 10 (U-Irene, Pelagia, u-Alexis, u-Anna, Marta, u-Ivan, Sofia, Tatiana, Evdokia futhi Basil). Naphezu uhlobo lwe ezinkulu, 9 Inkosi izindlalifa wafa eminyakeni yobungane. Ngesikhathi kushona Mikhail Fedorovich owalandela sole sobukhosi kwakukhona indodana yakhe u-Alex.

Degree kanye nohlobo umbusi

Biography of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov kubonisa ukuthi wazalwa ngo-1629. iminyaka emihlanu ubudala wamnakekela "Nurse" yenkosi, nalapho ekhula, akhuliswa ngayo eyingoduso boyar Boris Morozov. Inkosi wanikezwa imfundo yekhethelo: anakho diploma, wayazi izilimi eziningana ezivela kwamanye amazwe, owayeyisazi yezenkolo, ifilosofi kanye nomthetho. Njengoba enyukela esihlalweni sobukhosi eMoscow iminyaka engu-16 ubudala, le nkosi encane wena ukufunda yonke imibhalo nezicelo, futhi uqobo ngemvume izinqumo. Ezemfundo kanye nomqondo ovulekile avunyelwe Alexei Mikhailovich sifinyelele intuthuko eziphathekayo kokubusa isimo.

'31 wahola izwe Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov (1645-1676). Inhlonipho nobumnene bakhe futhi isidlaliso kwakhe abantu ezithule. Kodwa neze inkosi phakathi nokubusa ezolile. Ngaleso sikhathi, eRussia onyakaziswa yokuvukela ethandwa, ezombusazwe, ezomnotho kanye nezibhelu ezilandela lokhu zenkolo. Isimo nzima phakathi isimo okwengeziwe zaba zimbi empini eside nge Rzeczpospolita angomakhelwane. Kodwa isimo bekuyoba nzima kanjani, u-Alexei Mikhailovich njalo ephethwe ukuze kubuyiselwe ukuthula kanye uyayidambisa abantu thukuthele.

Salt uthuli

abasha kakhulu wabusa phezu kwesihlalo sobukhosi eMoscow Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov. inqubomgomo basekhaya nabamazwe angaphandle ekuqaleni kokubusa kwakhe, u bagxila ezandleni Boyar Morozov. Noma it were kuleli zwe landa izintela, inkohlakalo kanye nangobudlova anda. Iconsi lokugcina ukubekezela ubuyophazamiseka abantu kwaba ukwethulwa e 1646 intela ku usawoti, okwaholela ukwanda intengo imikhiqizo eminingi ukudla. Ikakhulukazi izinguquko hit ekhukhwini abalimi kanye abathengisi. Popular izinqubomgomo ukunganeliseki tvoix rukax futhi yokungenzi Alexei Mikhailovich kwaholela ekubeni Salt Riot (1848), lapho kwashiswa khona China Town, izindlu ezigugulekile boyars abazondwa kakhulu. Abantu bayakwazi ukufeza Alexei Mikhailovich Boyar Morozov yabo axoshwe amandla bamthumela ekudingisweni.

Ukwamukelwa Council Ikhodi neziqondiso ukuhweba

Ngemva kokuphothulwa Salt Riot, kwaba sobala ukuthi izwe lidinga kabusha sina. Domestic Politika Alekseya Mihaylovicha ngalesi sikhathi abangu kuhloswe ngazo ukuqinisa izikhulu kanye ukunqunywa amalungelo abalimi. Ngu 1649 yayilokhu wasungula ikhodi Conciliar - iqoqo imithetho elawula izinhlangano emikhakheni ehlukene yempilo yomphakathi. Kulo mbhalo, okokuqala kube division amalungelo by umkhakha (umphakathi, isigebengu, umndeni, civil).

Alexis wanika eziningi sizama ukuqinisa umnotho yembuso. inqubomgomo yakhe yayihloselwe ukuvikela emakethe yasekhaya encintisana angaphandle. Inkosi asekelwe ukwakhiwa izimboni. Ngo 1653, wayemuhle ukuhweba, futhi 1667 - New Commercial-sisekelo. Le mibhalo kuvimbela namanye amazwe kuleli zwe futhi nomthelela ekuthuthukiseni kumnotho wasekhaya.

olwathatha ethandwa

Abantu abavamile azibanelisanga izinguquko ezibe Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov. inqubomgomo basekhaya nabamazwe angaphandle eyenziwa inkosi kwaholela isidingo e izinguquko yemali 1662: igolide nesiliva zemali ayikwazanga ukumboza wonke ukuhweba ezweni, ngakho-ke kwanqunywa ukuthi minting ka amapeni zethusi. Ngenxa ukukhululwa engalawuliwe amasenti encane kuleli zwe ukuthuthukisa izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali eqinile futhi ukwanda intengo kwezimpahla. Abantu, badiniwe umsebenzi eNgophezukonke rose kuya Riot yethusi, okuyinto ngesihluku ukuyiveza kwamasosha tsarist.

Popular izibhelu ezihambisana ne ukunganeliseki inqubomgomo Alexei Mikhailovich, livelile ngokuphindaphindiwe phakathi nokubusa kwayo. Eminyakeni 1670-1671 Kwagqashuka ezweni iMpi Abalimi ', eholwa UStepan Razin. Thanda iningi sevukelombuso ethandwa, yena waklinywa wabe umholi wakhe ezine.

wawuhambisana nezingxabano zenkolo

Lapho u-Alexis babexabene Lobu-Orthodox LaseRussia, okuyinto okuqalwe yokuhlukanisa yayo. Isizathu salokhu kwazanywa ka uMphathi weSonto Nikon kucabangela amandla yesikhashana okungokomoya. Umsebenzi abefundisi benza yokuthi e 1666 yena wakhunyulwa yesikhundla ayenaso futhi ithunyelwa Ferapontov Belozersky Isigodlo, kodwa ayizange ilondolozwe iSonto kusuka Uqhekeko olwengeziwe.

Impi nge amandla angomakhelwane

uhulumeni waseRussia ikhuphuke kakhulu ngaphakathi kwemingcele yayo, lapho le nkosi yayiyisazi Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov. inqubomgomo basekhaya nabamazwe angaphandle naye eduze okwakuthandelene, njengoba zalwa izimpi nge emazweni angomakhelwane, + kangangokuba lwabangela nokushoda kwemali kanye ukunganeliseki kwabo. Waba yini umphumela wesibindi empini isikhathi eside Poland wahlanganiswa e 1554 phakathi Russia nase-Ukraine, kanye-kuya Chernigov, Smolensk nakwamanye amadolobha aseRussia. Eminyakeni 1556-1558 Alexis walwa Sweden sokufinyelela oLwandle iBaltic, kodwa umphumela le ngxabano sasingeyona brilliant njengoba eningizimu-ntshonalanga. Futhi ngesikhathi sokubusa kuka-inkosi yabantwana Romanov lwamakhosi eRussia yesibili ephethwe ukunamathisela ingxenye yeSiberia nezintaba Ekude.

Phakathi nokuphila kwakhe, u-Alexis wayeshadile kabili (okokuqala Maria Miloslavskaya, okwesibili - ukuze Natalya Naryshkina). abafazi ababili esemzalile izingane 16, abahlanu babo bafa ebuntwaneni. Akekho amadodakazi enkosi, awuzange ezimiselwe ukuba ngishade, futhi amadodana akhe troo (Peter mina Fyodor, u-Ivan) ke zilandelana ephethwe sobukhosi Russian. Ngo 1676, akazange aphile isikhathi eside impela kancane iminyaka engu-47 ubudala, ushonele Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov. izinqubomgomo zangaphakathi nezangaphandle yenkosi waqhubeka namadodana akhe, ukuze isimo Russian uye waqina ngokwengeziwe ngisho nonamandla.