Zigcwele Savvy - isimangaliso Russian

Cishe akunakwenzeka ukuthi kuyoba nalabo abangalwazi umlando Lefty zigcwele savvy. Tale of NS ubuhlakani Leskov, eyanyatheliswa ngo-1881 (edition ahlukene - 1882), likhona yezifundo zezikole. Lo msebenzi kwabeka isisekelo sokuthethelelwa ifilimu emangalisayo opopayi "Lefty". Inkulumo ethi "izicathulo a zigcwele," wangena isichazamazwi, futhi ufikile bowuqonde ngobuciko obukhulu izingcweti Russian.

eqanjiwe elihlakaniphile

"A Tale of Tula etshekile Lefty kanye zigcwele steel," wabhala ulimi enhle behlakaniphile Ifundeka kalula yona, futhi indaba ohlolayo we yourselfers brilliant ungashiyi ngabandayo ngokuphelele kunoma ubani. Indaba ngakho wangena ekuphileni kwangempela, abantu abangayazi ebekela ukuthi kwakukhona Lefty edume zangempela bahlala khona ngemva izicathulo a zigcwele. Kuyinto esidumazayo kakhulu ukuthi handyman Wabantu futhi umphumela umshikashika wakhe - kuba isithelo umcabango brilliant UNikolai Semenovich Leskov. I kwesokunxele hander engazange abe khona, imibhalo kokuqinisekisa of Horseshoes steel emincanyana English ukudluliselwa kwawo okwengeziwe eNgilandi, futhi, empeleni.

Kakhulu athuthukile entshonalanga ubunjiniyela umqondo

Nokho, zigcwele savvy, okuyinto sekuwuphawu kobuhle izingcweti Russian ku etholakalayo (futhi asikho nesisodwa), kodwa zonke zezinhlobo babe ngemva kweminyaka eminingi kwabhalwa nezenzakalo ezichazwe encwadini indaba. Empeleni, indaba - phambili ukugomela wenza M. V Lomonosovym, "futhi kungaba ngumnikazi Newtons umhlaba Russian okubeletha." metal Miniature zigcwele isimangaliso Mechanics, yathengwa yi-British Russian Tsar, uNapoleon iwine. Yiqiniso, obonisa imikhiqizo eyingqayizivele no-Aleksandru Kwadingeka mfana, nehlazo: ". Kodwa sisadinga ehlakaniphile kunawe"

isipho esimangalisayo emuva

zigcwele Savvy - impendulo "umakhelwane ozidlayo." Base benomsebenzi isinambuzane ukudansa kwakuyinto savvy. Nokho, zigcwele wayeka dancing ngenxa kobukhulu izinyawo - ". Amanyuvesi akaqedanga" izingcweti Russian Ukuze siqonde ukuthi uyafaneleka isipho okuhambisanayo, kubalulekile ukucabanga ukubukeka namazeze. Empeleni, kuzo zonke le izithombe amancane akhangayo unesithakazelo kuphela iqiniso elilodwa elishiwo - ke has imilenze eziyisithupha. Zonke eziyisithupha Lefty ayekanye nawo emibili savvy. I Horseshoes ezincane baqhutshwa phakathi ubuningi okuhambisanayo clove. Ngokwale ndaba, yonke imisebenzi kanye metal isinambuzane izingcweti Russian usukwenzile ngaphandle "tinyscope" ngoba kwadingeka iso, ngokuvumelana kakhulu kwesokunxele-hander, "zeroed."

prototype elihlakaniphile

Luyazanyazanyiswa Onjiniyela Albion Umeme izingcweti ukuziqeqesha. Leli qiniso wathatha indawo engokoqobo. Russian amakhosi izingalo ukukhiqizwa kusuka Tula AM Surnina ababemenyelwe England ukufunda, lapho ngokushesha izuzwe ukuqashelwa futhi waba umsizi kumnikazi omunye wemisebenzi engcono Henry Nock. Surnina eyayihamba ukufunda eNgilandi eminyakeni engaba yikhulu ngaphambi kokubhala tale abakhaliphile cishe zonke izazi zikholelwa prototype Lefty, nakuba Isiphelo sakhe kwaba isiphetho ojabulisayo komkhiqizo hero. A. M. Surnin, owashona ngo-1811, wabuyela Tulu lwakubo, wathatha iposi okuhle izingalo wendawo endaweni yokukhanda. Lokhu wizadi wenze isamba Amazing ngokuba ukuqaliswa cutting edge intuthuko ukukhiqizwa izingalo British eRussia, okuyinto wadlala indima enkulu ekunqobeni izingalo Russian eMpini Patriotic ka 1812. Ngokuhlakanipha kwakhe kwaba ziyaphawuleka, okuyinto wafaka umbono Leskov lezo zichaza ukuphila okuthakazelisayo Tula gunsmiths ukwazi kusimangaze ngekhono lakhe kubantu bokufika nakulabo ngempela ukwakha into nencazelo isimangaliso Russian.

"Akukho mprofethi lakubo"

Shono ingcweti izwi has omqondofana ezifana nekhono, master ayo yonke imidanti yohwebo kanye umdali. Umkhiqizo izingcweti Russian zonke yezandla, kunezindlela eziningi, kodwa bambalwa bayazi amagama. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi abamele kwezakhi ephakeme somphakathi imikhiqizo yasekhaya, izingcweti wendawo azikaze iyinto enkulu, futhi wonke angaphandle bebabaza lifika esibhakabhakeni. Ingabe ngowokuqala yasekhaya umusi injini Cherepanov abafowethu - hhayi isimangaliso Russian?

Wayeyisazi yangempela ingcweti, izicathulo a zigcwele

Kodwa emuva izicathulo a zigcwele. Lo mkhiqizo isibe elithile amakhono. Futhi nakanjani ukuthi izingcweti Russian wayemiselwe ukuba sifinyelele lo ejwayelekile futhi izicathulo a zigcwele. Ngokokuqala ngqá uye eyenziwa umculi omkhulu uNikolai Sergeyevich Aldunin, owashona ngo-2009. Lokhu Horseshoes virtuoso wagcwalisa ubuthongo real ezijulile, a zigcwele. Ukukhuluma ngale wobuciko, okuyinto ngokwayo Aldunin awacatshangwa (the best of impumelelo yakhe wayekholelwa microforms ethangini T-34, nawo on apula imbewu), futhi udinga ukukhumbula indlela ngifane zigcwele. Liyaqebekula imvelo yabo enoboya ukhamba okungahlosiwe. Amazing master sokuzigunda, izimpiko isuswe futhi wenza Horseshoes akhanya igolide 999 ukuhlolwa. Amancane, ungacabanga ukufunda idatha elandelayo: a igremu elilodwa legolide angakhiqiza kwezigidi ezingu-22 podkovok ezinjalo. Ingabe akukhona lokho emihle kangaka?

Inganekwane zigcwaliseka

Ingcweti, zigcwele savvy wahlala nathi ngesikhathi esifanayo. Anakho yobuciko emangalisayo, ezingalotshwanga kangaka futhi sasivame ukuxoxa yabezindaba. Yonke imisebenzi yakhe, hhayi kuphela kungahlali ubukhulu ikhanda, kodwa futhi iqiniso ukuthi kukhona nsé masampuli, kanye, yebo, ubuhle nomusa. Lokhu kwakuwumnikelo ka-umdali yangempela futhi ungungqondongqondo ingcweti isiRashiya, eqinisweni, bafeza bumbela Leskov.

Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe emincanyana

Ngo iphayona, njengoba umthetho, futhi owamlandela. Futhi manje isihlangu a zigcwele, efana uhide lwamakamela e imbobo yenaliti, kukhona imingcele saziso amakhono microminiature. Manje Petersburg wavula Museum "Russian kwesokunxele-hander" e amaqoqo unomphela okuyizinto ziphephile 60, phakathi kwabo, yebo, Zikhona nezinye izibonelo eziphawulwe ngenhla of brilliant ukuphelela microminiature amakhono. Linikezwa ukulinganisela rose futhi ibhuku ku nengxenye imbewu poppy. Shoe a zigcwele Museum unendima emaphakathi, kungcono yetinsita uphawu, sung Leskov.

abadali wesimanje

I-Russian edume kakhulu usaphila kukhona microminiature A. Rykovanov (Petersburg), A. Konenko (Kazan), VL. Aniskin (Omsk). Umsebenzi wabo okhazimulayo ukhishwa imiklomelo imincintiswano eminingi emhlabeni jikelele. master Wonderful Anatoly Konenko isicathulo sakhe sokuqala zigcwele ethulwa uVladimir Vladimirovich Putin.

indawo Ofanele wesitoreji

Kodwa kuthiwani lapho kwazalelwa Lefty? Lapha ezindlini izingalo Museum odumile alduninskaya izicathulo a zigcwele. Tula uziqhenya kakhulu lo mbukiso, ngoba owokuqala eRussia isinambuzane wingless nge Horseshoes. Okusanda, kwale nganekwane liyasuswa Museum kwezikhali kuleli "Tula ekhemisi ubudala" esisogwini Lenin Avenue -. Umfula oyinhloko womuzi.