Uyini umsebenzi temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba? amavesi Umehluko emsebenzini temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba

Iqiniso lokuthi ezinjalo umsebenzi temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba, wanquma ukukhuluma kuphela zangokwasemuva zezinhlelo umehluko yayo kusukela umbhalo kwaleli vesi, kodwa, Isimanga siwukuthi, naphezu obviousness okubonakala sengathi umehluko umbhalo olusankondlo kusuka umbhalo temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba lamukele Kanti ziyini ngempela lo mehluko, ngokuyisisekelo ngqo wezinkondlo temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba, kungani kukhona lezi ezimbili izinhlobo yokukhuluma, kunzima ngempela.

Izinkinga yokuzihlukanisa kwamangqamuzana ngokwemisebenzi yawo nephrozi namavesi

izincwadi Modern, ukutadisha umehluko phakathi inkondlo emsebenzini temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba kuphakamisa le mibuzo elandelayo ezithakazelisayo:

1. Yini kungokwemvelo esengeziwe isiko: evesini noma temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba?
2. Uyini umsebenzi temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba ku ngemuva kwaleli vesi?
3. Yiziphi nenqubo ezinembile ukurhunyezwa lokho okushiwo ivesi futhi temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba umbhalo?
4. Yiziphi izinsiza umbhalo wolimi temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba liphenduka izinkondlo?
5. Yeka deep kuba umehluko phakathi kwenkulumo asankondlo prosaic? kungaba kukhawulwe inhlangano yokukhuluma noma ukukhathazeka izinhlelo yokucabanga?

Yini eza kuqala: izinkondlo noma temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba?

Umlobi nomcusumbuli etemibhalo Yang Parandowski, ngokucabanga ngeqiniso lokuthi ukuthi umsebenzi onjalo temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba, owake wathi abukho ubufakazi obungokwesayensi esintwini bekhulume izinkondlo, hhayi temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba, kodwa umsuka izincwadi emazweni ahlukahlukene kunomvuzo evesini kunokuba inkulumo temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba . Lokhu kwenzeke ngenxa yokuthi ukuthi lelivesi liphakathi ngowokuqala eqele ngalé enkulumweni yansuku zonke futhi inkulumo olusankondlo safinyelela ukuphelela kwayo okwakuzothatha isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuba kubuse imizamo yokuqala at eqanjiwe.

UJan Parandowski kancane disingenuous, ngoba eqinisweni kukhona inani elikhulu imicabango yesayensi, okuncike ngoba kucatshangwa ukuthi inkulumo wokuqala kwaba senkondlo. Ngakhuluma ngalokhu noJohane. Vico, futhi G. Gadamer futhi M. Shapiro. Kodwa Parandowski waphawula ngokunembile into eyodwa: izincwadi emhlabeni iqala ngempela ngevesi, hhayi temibhalo yephrozi. Izinhlobo temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba izinhlobo athuthukiswe umhla vesi.

Kungani kwaba khona inkulumo olusankondlo, akwaziwa. Mhlawumbe lokhu kungenxa ukusebenza kohlelo ritmizovannosti jikelele umzimba womuntu kanye nezwe elizungezile yomuntu, mhlawumbe nge isigqi yasekuqaleni yokukhuluma wengane (okuyinto yena, balindele incazelo, kakhulu).

Indlela bahlukaniswe vesi kanye temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba

Akwaziwa stihoved Michael Gasparov ukubonwa ngokungafani inkondlo emsebenzini temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba ukuthi kunjani umbhalo umbhalo esankondlo ukubaluleka anda futhi yakhelwe ukuphindaphinda kanye ngekhanda. umbhalo olusankondlo, ngaphandle iqiniso ukuthi ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye, futhi inikeza ukusikisela futhi eminye yizinqamu yokuthi kulula kakhulu ukuba ziyombamba ukwazi.

Lokhu okwashiwo yilo mlobi kusala a deep kakhulu, kodwa akuyona instrumentally, njengoba kungekho nenqubo ecacile yokuzihlukanisa kwamangqamuzana ngokwemisebenzi yawo kuhilela izinkondlo namaprozi. Ngemva temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba angaba futhi okwandisa ukubaluleka kanye kungabuye yakhelwe ngekhanda.

izimpawu loluhlelekile umehluko prosaic kanye nombhalo olusankondlo

izimpawu loluhlelekile umehluko - amazwibela amafushane lakala - ayikwazi futhi kubhekwe ukulungisiswa okwanele. AG Mashevsky uphawula ukuthi eqinisweni emavesini ungavula ngisho isihloko ephephandabeni, nje ukwabelana iziphakamiso zakhe zibe izingcezwana anobude obungalingani nokubhala ngamunye wabo umugqa omusha.

Nokho, kuyoba obonakalayo nokuthi iziphakamiso zihlukaniswe ezinqumela, akukho mqondo ezengeziwe kule sigaba hhayi enamathiselwe umbhalo, ngaphandle ithoni ezihlekisayo noma kuyindida.

Ngakho, umehluko temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba namavesi alikho noma yisiphi isibonakaliso esisodwa, kodwa amanye umehluko ecashile. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi umsebenzi temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba, udinga ukwazi ukuthi prosaic kanye imibhalo olusankondlo angaphansi ezahlukene imithetho yenhlangano umbhalo kanye ukuhleleka izakhi zalo.

Igama evesini bese temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba

Kwenzeka isimanga ngoba ngokwesiko temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba kunqunywa Ngokuphambene yayo yona isho livesi. Ngokuvamile bathi akuyona mayelana nezici ehlukile nephrozi kuqhathaniswa ngevesi, futhi kungokufanayo nangendoda - of umehluko phakathi izinkondlo namaprozi.

Ngakho, cishe izwi evesini isazi Russian Yu. N. Tynyanov wathi ukuthi eduze ezingaphezu kuka e temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba, ehlangene Ngamanye amazwi ukusebenzelana eduze nasekuhlanganeni kwawo nesihloko isakhiwo iyonke, walibiza ngokuthi "umthetho bobunye compactness yochungechunge vesi inkulumo ethi" futhi lo mqondo kubalulekile kwemibhalo kuze kube manje.

izitayela ezimbili ekuxazululeni inkinga

Modern isayensi imizamo eminingi lamukele lokho okuwumsebenzi temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba, ngokungafani kuya olusankondlo, futhi lemizamo kuyinto bha kungenzeka ukuhlukanisa Amathrendi ezimbili. Inani of Philologists babekholelwa ukuthi umbandela ezibaluleke kakhulu - umsindo umbhalo othize. Le ndlela angase abizwe ngokuthi ifonotiki. Ngokuvumelana nalesi isiko, ukuqonda temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba namavesi olukhulunywa okwamanje VM Zhirmunsky, okholelwa ukuthi ngokungafani inkulumo olusankondlo kuyinto "ukuze esisemthethweni ifomu umsindo." Nokho, ngeshwa noma Ngenhlanhla, hhayi yonke imisebenzi prosaic futhi olusankondlo zihlukaniswa ngokucacile kusukela nomunye mkhombe.

Ngokuphambene le siko theory ingcaca ephikelela phezu igunya yemvelo ukuqopha umsebenzi. Uma irekhodi kuyalwa njengoba olusankondlo (zilotshwe 'kuyi ikholomu "kusho msebenzi olusankondlo, uma umbhalo ulotshwe" umugqa ", khona-ke kuyinto temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba). Ngokuvumelana lo mbono, ukusebenza yesimanje stihoved Yu. B. Orlitsky. Nokho, lokhu umbandela akwanele. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, umbhalo iphephandaba zilotshwe 'kuyi ikholomu "akubi senkondlo. imisebenzi temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba Pushkin, abhalwe njengamazwi senkondlo, ngeke mayelana naleli vesi.

Ngakho, kumelwe kuvunywe ukuthi zangaphandle, imfuno esisemthethweni umehluko temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba nemibhalo olusankondlo ayiqhubeki iphila. Lezi umehluko ukujula, bese uthinta futhi umsindo, futhi yolimi nendlela buviyoviyo, futhi uhlobo uhlobo lomsebenzi.