Amazwibela "Abafowethu Karamazov" - umsebenzi omkhulu FM Dostoevsky

FM Dostoevsky "Abafowethu Karamazov", sifinyeto ... Le noveli imigqa yokuqala kuqale nge epigraph: "Ngiqinisile, ngiqinisile ngithi kini: Ngaphandle kokuthi uhlamvu lwebele luwele emhlabathini lufe, ihlala yodwa; kodwa aluba lusifa, luthela isithelo sande (Johane Gospel). " Kuyinto ngala mazwi umsindo umqondo eziyisisekelo imisebenzi. Yini zazisho ukuthini? Umhlaba - kuwumshikashika nasebunyeni bahlukene ezimbili. Ingabe ngaso sonke isikhathi sokufa - okubi? Njalo kukhona ukukhanya okumhlophe? Kungakhathaliseki ukulwa kuyadingeka? Ingabe ukuhlupheka kudingekile? Lokho kukhona umphefumulo kule mpi? Ungubani uNkulunkulu kule mpi? Njalo uba? Le mibuzo kanye neminye zifundwa ku isiphetho, izenzo, amagama, nabalingiswa abasemqoka ... Indaba efingqiwe: "Abafowethu Karamazov"

Le noveli isethwe edolobheni elincane Skotoprigonevske 70s kwekhulu le-19. Ekhasini lokuqala sizithola wezindela in the umdala sezindela Zosima, okuyinto endaweni eyaziwa ngokuthi ungumuntu olungile umthandazi. Namolennoe indawo iba esiteji lapho abalingiswa abasemqoka bayahamba. Umbhali wethula ngokuningiliziwe ngamunye wabo, ngokomfanekiso silindele izenzakalo ezalandela ezibuhlungu.

Fyodor Pavlovich Karamazov - uyise yomkhaya omkhulu, indoda antule ukuzithiba, ekungabazeni izisusa zabanye, ngokungenamkhawulo abahahayo futhi unonya kakhulu. Oludlulele, ukoma ngezinye izikhathi eyesabisa kakhulu amandla, basemhlabeni nezinjabulo nezinjabulo kuwo kususa yonke emgqeni ezikhona phakathi kokuhle nokubi, ibulala amagugu okuphakade. Futhi walahlekelwa udade, intambo ezingokomoya exhumanisa kuye nezingane.

KwaRubhen amazibulo Dmitri Karamazov - indoda inkanuko engalawuleki, yayo like a pendulum, wamshaya komunye kakhulu kwenye. Yena uthembekile, isilungele izenzo baphane futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kungaba ezinesihluku kakhulu futhi abangenasihe. Umphefumulo wakhe ezama uthando, baphendukele ekukhanyeni, ukholo olujulile, futhi nsuku zonke ubapha yena ukuthi eyeka ukuphila esingalawuleki ukudakwa ekuzitikeni ngokweqile. Kodwa amabutho ukuthi nomthelela ekushintshashintsheni pendulum yakhe, emikhulu kanye unmanageable, ukuthi amandla okudala kuwo uguqulwa kweso ibe elimazayo. Lokhu okuthiwa nokuguqulwa "Karamazov" amandla, okuyinto ngezinga elingakanani badlula uyise, Fyodor Pavlovich, ukuze ngamunye inzalo yakhe.

Ivan Karamazov - indodana phakathi, ngaphandle nibonakala ezolile, self ngamademoni, soaping okunengqondo. Kodwa kukhona zineminyaka inkanuko akagcini zivela ngalesikhathi umzabalazo phakathi ukholo futhi ukungakholelwa kuNkulunkulu. Uma uthi nhlá, kuba kunalokho isibukeli buthule kunokuba ngokuzimisela kule drama egcwaliseka kancane kancane. Kodwa lokhu okuvelayo kuyadukisa. acquiescence wakhe wawubalulekile, kwaba umbulali real .... Kodwa ake awutholi kuqala kunathi.

Ukuqhubeka ukuchaza isifinyezo "Abafowethu Karamazov", emuva uthunjana Fyodor Pavlovich, lowo ngokusho Dostoevsky, ingumuntu main. Alyosha Karamazov - lwesithathu, indodana encane - novice e Zosima, ethembekile, inkolo insizwa ngobuqotho, ngubani njalo zifunana iqiniso nokubuyisana. Kwaba nokuzithoba kwakhe, umndeni bahlangana Isigodlo ngesikhathi umdala, ukuvumela ishube impahla ingxabano phakathi ubaba nomfowethu omdala.

Uyini izinkanuko womuntu? Lesi sifiso abanolaka ukuba lapha futhi manje. Kuyinto enkulu ukuze umuntu azimisele ngalo ukuvumelanisa ukuya izinyathelo kakhulu nje ukuze bathole abakufunayo. Kwaba in the ifa kodwa othile noma okuthile ebona yena ujabule ngempela. Nje wokulwela injabulo kwenzeka phakathi Dimitri nabazali bakhe. Kusengozini kuyinto ruble ayizigidi ezintathu futhi Grushenka amahle, okuyizinto kokubili kakhulu othandweni. Isigodlo ngesikhathi nokubuyisana umdala ayenzeki. Kunalokho, konke izophela ehlazweni.

Zosima, ngibona ngeso Nkulunkulu, umphefumulo womuntu, unika wonke umuntu yokuvalelisa. Ngaphambi Dmitri yena uguqa phansi, uthando lweqiniso ngokuhlupheka kwakhe esikhathini esizayo kanye ubuhlungu okwakungelayo zidlule hlamba. Ivan, ubusisa, ngokuhlakanipha kokubona ukuthi umbuzo enhliziyweni yakhe ingakamiswa ukuxazululwa. Fyodor Pavlovich, uthi buffoonery bakhe kuza kuphela kusuka neqiniso lokuthi wayeseholela onamahloni okubonwa yena. Futhi Alyosha ehlisele manje nabazalwana noyise.

Zonke izindleko futhi Skotoprigonevske eyayembuleka kweziwuchungechunge. Balandela omunye komunye: ishiywe amazwi ahlabayo, izenzo amawala, okwandisa ukukwata. Ziyakwazi like nesiphepho, okuyinto kuyakhula njengoba isikhathi sasihamba, ithumba endleleni futhi zonke, omnyama ngebala, ukulungele ukuceka ubhubhise konke emhlabeni. Umuntu efa, futhi umuntu oyokuma ....

Dmitry ngokuya ezithi afuna ukukhokhelwa imali kuyise. Njengoba usuku olusha ngamunye inzondo nomhawu waqina ngokwengeziwe. Uyabuka njengoba imini nobusuku Grushenka othandekayo noyise ekhaya, uma lokho, bekhohliswa imali Fyodor Pavlovich, alinge ukuba beze kuye. Kuba osolisayo kakhulu, futhi Ehlanyiswe intukuthelo futhi bephelelwe ithemba, ukushaya abazali. Kodwa khona emphefumulweni wakhe afihliwe enye imfihlakalo, kuyisono - ke kweqiwe abanye abantu abayizinkulungwane ezintathu nge Grushenka ngaleso Inn edolobhaneni Wet. Futhi ngamnika imali Katerina Ivanovna, nomkhwenyana wakhe esisemthethweni ukuthumela udadewabo eMoscow. A amahloni omkhulu futhi unecala phambi intombazane ukweba kwakhe, kokubekwa kwakhe, uthando lwakhe esinye push kuye ukuthatha isinyathelo yenza ngokuphelelwa yithemba.

Ivan ngasese uthandana umakoti Dmitry. Nsuku zonke uhlezi "eduze sizi 'futhi nakanjani singena umphefumulo wakhe ihlushwa, lapho kukhona umzabalazo phakathi zibonise ukwethembeka feat umkhwenyana umuzwa olujulile ngaye, u-Ivan. Nsuku zonke ezibukela isimo sokugxeka undisguised kayise, okuyinto ukulungele bashintshisane bonke ngothi lwabo, inqobo nje kuze kuphele bukhoma yakhe yokungcola. Nsuku zonke kuba isilaleli unwitting zokuziphatha okubi kakhulu, ongaphakeme Smerdiakov ukucabanga, okuyinto kulindeleke ukuba zibangele ndodana engumlanjwana ka Karamazov ngu umalalepayipini Lizaveta. Uyayilalela futhi nganengwa uyazi ukuthi izwi Lackey kwabanye ukugqagqana ngokwezinga imicabango yakhe siqu. Konke kuvunyelwe noma cha? ukholwa Lapho ukwenza kuNkulunkulu nokungafi komphefumulo, hhayi zonke, kodwa uma kungenjalo ... Ngakho, wonke umuntu ekhetha indlela yena ngcono futhi bekhululeke kakhudlwana emhlabeni.

Ngo Ngokungangabazeki, wayekwazisa ubhala inkondlo yakhe "The Grand ezihlubuki", okuyinto liphakamisa imibuzo ebalulekile: ukwamukelwa uNkulunkulu futhi bemlahlile ezweni elisha likaNkulunkulu, okungukuthi ubulungiswa, ukuphishekela ubuhle futhi yini ngokuvumelana bakaNkulunkulu beqiniso, uyini umehluko phakathi enjabulweni yabantu futhi kuyiqiniso. Umvuthwandaba 'zihlasela' yakhe iba ingxoxo lokugcina Smerdyakov, lapho yokugcina wameluleka ukuba bawushiye lowo muzi izinsuku ezimbalwa, nobude esikisela ukuthi ngesikhathi yena engekho ubaba kungenzeka noma kuphi. Ivan wathukuthela, kodwa nokho umxhwele futhi uyavuma ...

Alyosha, kulandela ngobulukhuni abadala futhi inhliziyo yabo ngothando, ukhuluma, ufundisa futhi ezama ukusiza wonke umuntu. Ubona ukudideka enhliziyweni yawo wonke umuntu, ezibukela lokhu unya engapheli nandaba, ufakaza i mpi engapheli phakathi nezindinganiso zokuziphatha zeqiniso futhi sono esenze kuso indoda ngokuvamile ekhetha ukuwa kwalasha, ingqondo yayo, futhi, akukho okuqinisekile ngalokhu. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-Zosima umdala uyafa. Duzane kukhona ukulindelwa okuthile kuyisimangaliso ngemva kokufa kwakhe, kodwa esikhundleni nephunga olulindelekile zokuwohloka kwenzeka. Alyosha udidekile. amatshe amaningi kakhulu endleleni eya iqiniso, lokho kungqongqoza futhi ufuna ukonakalisa ....

Kunokuhluthuka, isiphepho ehle futhi iba Apotheosis kufa Fyodor Pavlovich Karamazov. Ngubani umbulali? Setha lwezimo futhi amaqiniso ngokumelene owamazibulo. Waboshwa. Inkantolo iqala. Dmitry - a Libertine, ungumqambimanga, isidakwa brawler, kodwa akekho umbulali. Smerdyakov, Ivan neyaziwayo ukubulala kayise ulandisa ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani lokhu, exwayisa ngokuthi nguye, u-Ivan, kwaba ugqozi lwakhe, futhi kwakukhona ubugebengu esibi kwemvume yakhe imfihlo. Ivan yenza ngokuphelelwa yithemba. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lokhu akusho ukuthi qaphela isiphambeko, ngakolunye uhlangothi, unembeza lisho okuhlukile. Yena uhlose ukuya enkantolo futhi inkulumo mayelana ukuthi kwenzekeni ngempela. Smerdyakov, wamdumaza kanjani kuye, imibono yakhe mayelana nomqondo, emnikeza imali eyebiwe futhi ivalile. Ivan e yokushisa belethwa phambi kwenkantolo futhi wavuma usizo lwakhe lobu bugebengu, "Lackey abulawe, nginifundisile."

Katherine uthola akahlanye incwadi ezibucayi umlayezo wokugcina Dmitry wakhe, lapho ebhala nobude ngesifiso sakhe ukubulala uyise thatha imali ngenxa kuye. Lokhu kuba Ingxenye eyinhloko yaleli ubufakazi. Ngakho-ke konga Ivan futhi Dmitry ubulala, inhlupho yenhliziyo yakhe, okuyinto yena wathembisa uthando kwaphakade, kumnyama noma kubomvu ... Finishing ukuchaza isifinyezo sezinto "Abafowethu Karamazov", sifika sokugcina, yesehlakalo engengaphansi abangokomfanekiso - umngcwabo womfanyana Ilyushenka Snegirev. Ngesikhathi yokungcwaba Alyosha ukhuthaza izilaleli ethanda ukuphila, ukuze sazise izikhathi zawo ezimangalisayo, ukuba sibe nomusa futhi ngokwethembeka ....

"Abafowethu Karamazov": isifinyezo, isiphetho

Ekupheleni komgwaqo njalo ufuna ukuya emuva ekuqaleni futhi ukhumbule konke kwaqala kanjani .... Ukuthola incazelo "Amazwibela" Abafowethu Karamazov ", thina wakhuluma phezu epigraph. Ekuphetheni, singathanda nakanjani sibuyele emuva kuye: "Ngiqinisile, ngiqinisile ngithi kini: Uma inhlamvu kakolweni iwela emhlabathini ingafi, ihlala yodwa; kodwa aluba lusifa, luthela isithelo sande (Johane Gospel). " "Umnikelo wokusanhlamvu kakolweni 'wawela phansi. Abaningi babo iye yalinyazwa, sicindezelwe odakeni futhi zibhujiswe, kodwa "ukufa" yabo, isiphambeko sabo, ubuhlungu nokuhlupheka kuzoletha "izithelo eziningi" - Ukuhlanzwa okungokomoya okutholakala nothando ....