Uyini Ipo futhi ukuthi kubiza malini wezitifiketi

Ipo - iyona yokuqala yeningi udaba lamasheya enkampanini, okuyinto eyenziwa, ngokuvamile ngokusebenzisa isitokwe Ukuhwebelana. Lokhu esithi kunalokho nemfashini beza kithi kusukela imikhuba Western. Nokho, inqubo ngokwalo iqondiswa umthetho isiRashiya, ngokukhethekile, umthetho "On the Securities Market". Ubeka izinqubo ezifana nokubhaliswa isinqumo udaba ukulingana izibambiso , izidingo amafomu esiqinisekisa amalungelo esiqokiwe inqubo lokukhishwa, ukubhaliswa isimo, izidingo lemininingwane nabanye. Zonke izigaba ukukhiqizwa kufanele athobele lo mthetho nezinye nemitheshwana (kufaka phakathi evunyiwe isevisi Federal izimakethe zezimali).

Kuyini Ipo enkabeni yalo? Ungase bathi ngokuyisisekelo kuyinto isethulo izinhlelo inkampani abangafaka imali emabhizinisini abo ukuze ukuvikeleka kwamasheya lona wamuva unesithakazelo - futhi owabathenga. Izinhlangano e Le nqubo elikhiphe inkampani, abaphathi bomshuwalense, nomthofu-abaphathi (ngokuvamile ebhange), platform Ukuhweba kanye nabanye abantu. Indima ebalulekile eyadlalwa bomshuwalense, ngubani ngenkokhelo kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi lokhu Ipo izobanjelwa.

Ngaphambi kokwenza udaba yomphakathi, inkampani ngendlela ethile izakhe kwezomnotho. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele abe okhangayo izitatimende zezimali iminyaka eminingana futhi amahle ekuthuthukiseni, ngoba zonke zimali unesithakazelo ukutshalwa kwezimali ephephile futhi inzuzo. Uma inkampani laziwa kabanzi ngemikhiqizo yayo, yenze uhlelo promissory inothi, ukukhipha izibopho, ematfuba ukubekwa ngempumelelo ukwabelana iyakhula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, "Udumo" ikuvumela ukuba ubambe umagazini wokuqala yomphakathi izindleko okuncane inhlangano. Kokuqala umnikelo iningi ngokuphumelelayo kuhlanganisa ukubekwa akwabelanayo exchange stock, ngakho umkhiphi bamele balati ihlangabezana kanjani nezidingo sendawo ethile - kusukela Russian MICEX-RTS ukuze NYSE angaphandle noma LSE.

Imininingwane yemali kanye nezinye idluliselwa ku umphathi phambili, okuyinto ulungisa futhi ihlela memorandamu ulwazi kwebhizinisi okuthiwa endleleni show. Ngokuhamba imihlangano yakhe abathengi ezingaba sezabelo, inkampani umelwe futhi basakaza ulwazi mayelana lokho Ipo oyokwenziwa ezinsukwini ezithile. Njengoba ehamba phambili-Imenenja ukhetha iqoqo bomshuwalense ngesisekelo lokho yokugcina ibe isizinda zimali, ukuthi kuhle kanjani idumela, yini izindleko amasevisi.

Izibambiso ku Ipo zingafakwa usebenzisa izindlela ezilandelayo:

1. Indlela amanani fixed. Le ndlela inikeza ukufinyelela okulinganayo kakhulu bonke abatshali-zimali, abadinga kuphela ukukhetha kangakanani ukuthenga izibambiso.

2. Auction. Kulesi simo, amasheya adayiswa kwasekuqaleni kulabo abangakwazi ukukhokha ngaphezulu.

3. Bhuka indlela yikho okuvame kakhulu. Okwakushiwo inqubo wukuthi, ngo kohlaka umbukiso emgwaqweni inikeza ulwazi mayelana izintandokazi zimali. Khona-ke bahlelekela incwadi oda bomshuwalense, usethe intengo futhi ukwaba nokwabelana. Ngo eziningi, okungezona ukuthunyelwa ingozi sonke isibopho ivuliwe nekhotho, njengoba yena uthenga iphakethe ezithile ukwabelana ngokwabo.

Kuyini Ipo - ngokuya Izindleko inkampani? Ochwepheshe uqaphele ukuthi ngempela inqubo kakhulu, ngoba amasevisi kwabalamuli Ungaphatha e-3% inani emkhathini kanye izindleko ezengeziwe abameli, ezimali, ukukhangisa ejensi kungaba abantu abangaba yizigidi ezingu. 1.5 zamaRandi eRussia futhi ezingaphezu kuka-2.5 million. ukubeka angaphandle.