Uphi Tatar Strait futhi kungani kangaka okuthiwa?

Ezinsukwini ubudala kwakukhona ezweni elikude, engaziwa - Tartary. Sasihlala lapho kwezizwe ezingaziwa, amaTartar ethwele usongo ebuKristwini (ngomqondo European) futhi ehola ivelaphi impela Tartar - umbuso ukwesaba, izifunda ejulile Hogo. Njengoba cishe ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19 eNtshonalanga Yurophu beqonda bonke abantu abahlala kule ndawo phakathi iCaspian Sea, China ne ePacific Ocean.

Umlando kwegama

Kungani Tatar Strait ngokuthi Tatar? Phela, kusukela Sakhalin, Japan kanye Okhotsk kwezilwandle, it uxhuma indawo bahlalaphi AmaTatar, amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziningana ... Ukuthi amaTartar baseYurophu fundile izinsuku uGenghis Khan. Hhayi ikakhulukazi ukuhlunga out limi kanye namasiko we Turkic nabantu-Mongolian, bonke abantu baseYurophu wababiza AmaTatar. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, igama elithi "AmaTatar" kwashintsha "Tartar". I indima ebalulekile edlalwa kule ushintsho mkhuba, ethiwa yezilimi ukungcoliswa: umsindo amagama sifana "Tartar" - esifundeni kwangempela esihogweni.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abantu abahlala ensimini engaziwa elikude, waqala ngezikaNkulunkulu zonke izici isici abakhileyo esihogweni. Igama elithi "AmaTatar" futhi "Tartar 'ubizwa kanjalo edabukisayo, ukuthi strait ohlanganisa tartar nalo lonke insimu yase yaziwa ngokuthi tartar. Nokho, akumangalisi ukuthi Tatar Strait elalihambisana abaningi into eyesabisa, cishe otherworldly. Ngisho eningizimu ingxenye yayo kakhulu izinsuku 40-80 we strait ngonyaka embozwe iqhwa. Engxenyeni esenyakatho ye "ice" isikhathi kungathatha izinsuku ezingu-170. izimo Ice e lwesiTatar Strait ngakho nzima ngenxa yesifundo sakhe somuntu eziye eside Abaklami bamabalazwe kwaphikiswana, bay noma strait sici kwendawo.

Izici nesikhundla ezindawo

La Perouse e 1787, Kruzenshtern 1805, Broughton e 1796 beniyingxenye Tatar Strait, kodwa ngenxa yokwesaba sandbars eziningi bavezwa at tide ongaphakeme, wayengenakukwazi ukukunika ke kuze kube sekupheleni. Babeqiniseka ukuthi Sakhalin kuyinto enhlonhlweni, futhi le ndawo, ngokulandelana, ethekwini. Ngo-1846, isihambi Gavrilov waqinisekisa enguqulweni yawo futhi wathola ukuthi akekho Strait futhi Sakhalin, lase-Amur noma Russia akudingeki uneminye SIZUZISA. Akazange azi ukuthi ngisho emashumini eminyaka ambalwa ngaphambili Umdabuli yakhe Japanese wathatha ikhefu kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekupheleni, eqiniseka ukuthi Sakhalin - isiqhingi, wathi lwesiTatar Strait kumephu. Nokho, ngaphandle Japanese, kuze 1849, lolu lwazi ayikaziwa kunoma ubani. Kuphela Nevel wakwazi ukuveza ukuthi pass strait lwemikhumbi. Kodwa lokhu kwenzeka kuphela 1849. Kuyini Strait of namuhla? Kuhlukanisa Asia kusukela Sakhalin Island. Uhlelo ehlanganisa lwesiTatar Strait le esizalweni somfula we Amur kanye Sakhalin Bay, ohlanganisa uLwandle Okhotsk futhi Sea of Japan. Tartar Strait imephu bubonisa indlela ububanzi balo buyahluka ezindaweni ezahlukene. Ngesikhathi encane strait Nevelsky wokuthi imfushane kunalokho 8 amakhilomitha eNorth 40 km kanti oluseningizimu kuthiwa bahlukana by 324 km.

Isimangaliso ngokwemvelo - lwesiTatar Strait

Isimanga hhayi kuphela ogwini bezitolo we bay, kodwa kuyinto ukujula omkhulu. Omunye izindawo zakhe kakhulu "engajulile" etholakala phakathi Imperial Harbor kanye De-Kastri. Lapha ikhombisa ka 32-37 amamitha ukujula, futhi ezimbili nje zamakhilomitha ukusuka ogwini. Emhlabeni Sakhalin coast, eduze esiqhingini Monneron, eduze kwaseCape Lesseps ukujula nhlobo amabanga kusuka ngamamitha 50 kuya ku-100. Kodwa phakathi Cape Lazarev wafa, lapho okuthi ukuthi kukhona ndima komhlaba kulesi siqhingi ukuze ezwekazini, la obungamamitha ayi-10 kuphela ukujula. Cishe bonke edolobheni, etholakala ogwini strait ayalingana ezindaweni eNyakatho Ekude. umswakama high, okushisa aphansi izinkinga kakhulu ezimpilweni zabantu, kodwa musa kuthinte bokuphila kwesidalwa ulwandle. Ngo amanzi Strait salmon evamile futhi inkosi salmon, sockeye salmon iphezulu. Okumangazayo ukuthi izakhamuzi ogwini ngezikhathi imitha ezimbili ushaka kuzibamba. Kuyisikhathi eside kungaziwa ukuthi, like inhlanzi, awukwazi ukubekezelela yamakhaza, ezibhajwe enethini of abadobi bendawo. Namuhla, bonke kusolwa ilukuluku kakhulu futhi ukuhamba umhlaseli. "Stray" - ngakho Entela futhi sina bendawo ukushayela oshaka esiveza. Esikhathini Tatar Strait zazitholakala herring, aphele, mackerel.

Izimbobo we Tatar Strait

Namuhla, wonke wesikole uyazi lapho Tatar Strait. Funda esikoleni edolobheni, esisogwini ogwini lwayo. kancane yabo. At ibanga 663 km (lokhu ubude strait) zitholakala emadolobheni 8. Sovetskaya Gavan waziwa ngokuthi yokugcina ka BAM, nakuba umlando wayo iqala ngo-August 1953. Lokhu port uku Tatar Strait namuhla ezihambisana wesitimela kusukela Komsomolsk-on-Amur Highway kuze Vanino futhi Lidoga futhi kusukela sezindiza Meyi-Gatka ungathola kunoma dot emhlabeni. Ngezinye amakhilomitha 32 kusukela Sovetskaya Gavan kuyinto nenkungu port Vanino. Kuyinto echwebeni ngobukhulu kule eKhabarovsk Territory. Isitsha traffic lapha akagcini ngisho ebusika: ice-amadlambi njalo ukuhlanza amanzi iqhwa. Piers Vanino isingamakhilomitha 3 km 22 berths usebenza ubusuku nemini.

Aleksandrovsk, Nevelsk, Kholmsk

Aleksandrovsk lwekuphatfwa ngalokuyimphumelelo kungokwalabo Sakhalin esifundeni, futhi isendaweni ngasentshonalanga yomfula. Ngo-75 km kuyinto nokuklanywa encane sezindiza. Ngakolunye nemizana zokuhlala ezisemadolobheni sibopha owubhuqu. Lo muzi kwi isimo sezulu okulingana eNyakatho Ekude. Ukuphila lapha inonya ngokoqobo abandayo.

Nevelsk naye ungowasendaweni Sakhalin Oblast. Lokhu imbobo lwesiTatar Strait is njengoba Russian ngendathane endaweni eyaziwa. Lokhu kungenxa ngenxa yokuthi kukhona emifuleni ezintathu flow: Kazachka, Lovetskaya futhi Nevelskaya. Ngo-2007, ukuzamazama komhlaba kwacekela phansi cishe ngokuphelele edolobheni. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi nabo emsebenzini wokulungisa igcwaliswe kudala, abantu bashiya kancane kancane edolobheni.

Kholmsk - kuphela kanye ne-port ngobukhulu e-Sakhalin maphakathi endaweni amanzi unfrozen. ezikhumulweni ababili yesimanje, 3 sesitimela eThembalihle, omkhulu ezokuthutha ihabhu axhunyiwe e uhlelo olulodwa. Kholmsk - uphakathi nendawo namasiko, izindawo zokudoba kanye nomnotho. Kuze 1946, wayegqoke igama Japanese Mauki (Maoka).

De-Kastri, Shahtersk, Uglegorsk

A emzaneni omncani elinabantu abantu esingaphansi 4 ayizinkulungwane ibalulekile ngoba indawo yokuhlala eziningi zemvelo lwemikhumbi. De-Kastri yaqanjwa Marquis of La Perouse uhambo axhase. A encane kodwa abalulekile port lempi kungokwalabo eKhabarovsk Territory. Kutholwe cishe maphakathi Sakhalin Shakhtersk libhekisela Tatar Strait. He is sezindiza kuphela exhumanisa endaweni a Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, futhi namanye amadolobha kunokuthula kulesi siqhingi. Kungathatha kuphela YAK040 futhi AN-24. umnotho womuzi kancane kancane ekunqabeni: kusuka ezimayini ezahlukene manje usebenza kuphela "Udarnovskaya" futhi ngokwengxenye Solntsevsky yamalahle. Port Uglegorsk eyaziwa kwesiteshi salo, esiwulwazi bendawo ngokuthi "River Tuhlyankoy". Untshinga uginindela isigayo udoti Tatar Strait nokuningi ngokungenaphutha-Sea of Japan. Umuzi ine a LPH nokudla amabhizinisi. Isilinganiso lokushisa laminyaka yonke kuwubufakazi -1,7 ° C. Kuze 1946 kwase sasithathwa kwelahle, kodwa namuhla ukukhiqizwa Kwenziwa kwezinye izindawo.

Imfumbe lwesiTatar Strait

Ngisho ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, umqondo wokwakha Umhubhe komhlaba kwahlongozwa, okuholela Sakhalin. umqondo ekhangayo awuzange baqaphela: kwakungekho imali ekwenzeni lokho okuhleliwe. Udaba wavuswa ngo-1929, kodwa Stalin wenza isinqumo esiwujuqu. I emhubheni ongaphansi kwesikhumulo Tatar Strait wayeseqala ukwakha amabutho iziboshwa Gulag. Yaqala eCape lalahleka futhi kwadingeka ukuba bagcine ezwekazini eCape Lazareva. Akubuzwa ukuthi kunzima kanjani umsebenzi iziboshwa eNyakatho Ekude yeCanada. Kodwa nge kokufa kukaStalin wonke umsebenzi wayeka. Lokhu kwenzeka kwelinye ilanga izigidigidi ukutshalwa kwezimali, amathani zokwakha wahlala ubuningi. Loluguduzisa uye ngisho nokuqalisa. Nokho, kule ukwakhiwa namanje has a lot of legends. cishe eseqedile, kodwa kakhulu ihlukaniswa ngokweminyaka ukwakhiwa eyodwa version. Ngakolunye - baye Ugcwalise izinkulungwane zeziboshwa emhubheni. Kuyaziwa kokunye. kwenqwaba edamini, Umhubhe futhi ibhuloho: Namuhla, kunezindlela ezintathu yokuxhuma Sakhalin nge ezwekazini ukuphi. izinsuku zabo ukuqaliswa ayikaziwa, kodwa kudlulela ngalé 2015. Nokho, ngezinye izikhathi, ulwazi livela nabezindaba mayelana yokuthi uma Japan izobamba iqhaza ekwakhiweni, ke liyophelela esikhathini esifishane.

Kuyini edamini?

Ososayensi balinganisela ukuthi uma namyvat edamini engxenyeni yalo encane (lapho ezingwini kuthiwa bahlukana ngu km 7 kuphela), ngonyaka ungenza edamini okunokwethenjelwa nge zivusa eyodwa kuphela. On edamini siphelile ungafaka i isitshalo amandla, okuyinto ukuphampa amanzi, uyoveza, ngeke esachitha amandla. Ngokusho abaklami, idamu amandla esiteshini sizothinta sezulu Tatar Strait. Ababoni bemibono kwakwakhiwa amaningi ezisholo ukuthi nale divayisi lobuchwepheshe ungaguqula isimo sezulu esibi Strait ngo efudumele futhi ethokomele resort onqenqemeni.