Umshini ukumnika: incazelo indlela, ubuchwepheshe, ukufakwa kanye nemishini

izinto Composite esingaphezu konyaka asetshenziswa emikhakheni ehlukahlukene umkhakha nokwakhiwa. Imikhiqizo yalolu hlobo kakhulu ngcono izici base sakhi ubuchwepheshe, esebenzisa ugesi nasezintweni zokwakha. Ngakho inhlanganisela kuhluke ukusebenza izakhiwo kuchazwe yokukhiqiza inqubo. Ukwethulwa ku senqubo yokukhiqiza of cleaner esikhiqiza impahla art, isibonelo, kuvumela ukuthola carbon eliphezulu. Nokho, kuze kube muva nje, wahlala inkinga ka ekuqedeni okweqa resin, khona elibangela lesi brittleness komkhiqizo. Ukuze wandise izakhiwo ezingokwenyama impahla ngokususa cleaner resin ukumnika isetshenziswa, okuyinto nakuba akuqinisekisi ukuqedwa ephelele ezintweni ezingezinhle lobuchwepheshe, kodwa engenzi mzamo wokuxhumana nani endow umkhiqizo wokugcina elilungile izimfanelo lobuchwepheshe.

Ukwaziswa Okumayelana indlela

Indlela liqukethe ekwakheni cleaner ngaphakathi egumbini ukusebenza, lapho kukhona impregnation we yokugcizelela impahla kanye sokuhoxisa inhlaka. Njengezinye yezindlela zesimanje esikhiqiza zezinhlanganisela njengoba cleaner udini ingaphakathi isebenze - bekuvame ukusebenzisa ifilimu okhethekile isikhwama-inhlangano inqubo. Ngokungafani ezivamile contact udini indlela, cleaner ukumnika ukufakwa ehlanganisa die nge excipient ezomile, ivumela ukukhiqiza fiberglass nge okuqukethwe ubuncane inclusions ukungena nakwamanye amazwe futhi ngezinga eliphakeme ukuqinisa. Kwamanye amakhasimende kubalulekile kokubili kuqhathaniswa nale nqubo. Kuhilela ukubhekana nokwehla kwezinga ka ekushayweni izinto eziyingozi. Ikakhulukazi, inani styrene kuyehla, khona ngokuvamile kuba isithiyo uma usebenzisa imikhiqizo ukwakhiwa kwezindlu zokuhlala.

ukusebenza ngobuchwepheshe

Okokuqala iyokuhlomela ukusabalala snap cleaner yamathebhu, okungase obubekwe ngaphambili futhi izinto ezikhethekile, kanye webs kuhlanganiswe. Khona-ke embondelene izingqimba ubuchwepheshe, ngenxa okuyinto esikhathini esizayo kufanele inikeze ngisho ukusatshalaliswa isibopho. Okulandelayo ku iphakethe ubuchwepheshe ithunyelwa cleaner, ukufinyelela ovulekile ukuxhumana isiteshi bedle cleaner isivele iyasebenza kwenzeka ngesikhathi esifanayo ukugcwalisa yamathebhu ize, impregnation. Amaphesenti porosity incike lokushisa kuma, okuyinto wenza cleaner ukumnika. Indlela yobuchwepheshe ezimweni zezimboni igcina isilinganiso Pore 1-0.5% ngokuhlobene isisindo ingqikithi isihloko oluyinhlanganisela.

Isisetshenziswa ukufaka ukumnika cleaner

Isisekelo ukubeka ukumnika elilunguzile wathi-matrix. Kuyinto uhlobo platform, ubukhulu isilinganiso okungase zivumelana panel ezivamile futhi laminate ukuma square, futhi endaweni ihholo ukukhiqiza. Ngokombono ikhwalithi okuholela-matrix esiyinhlanganisela obortovka kakhulu, kusukela lapho izinga okuphakelayo isibopho kanye cleaner umsebenzi kuncike. Ukuze ukwakheka underpressure ohlelweni uhambelana futha cleaner ngoba ukumnika, ngayo nefunda ngayo iyunifomu ngokucindezela platform okudlekayo-matrix. Ngamanye amazwi, kwakha nomphumela ukuncela yezingxenye isibopho.

Ukubamba resin liyasetshenziswa isicupho ekhethekile, okuyinto esitsheni uphawu. Lo msuka zobuchwepheshe iqoqa resin ngokweqile elakhiwe phakathi impregnation we indaba abalwazi kahle ulimi. Izicupho futhi ivikela futha kusukela ingress resin efanayo. ukusebenza ukumnika awunakuba khona ngaphandle kokuthethelela eliphezulu nokufakwa. Le ngxenye ingqalasizinda kukhona tube nokufakwa kanye nomsebenzi ekuhlelweni iziteshi okuphakelayo isibopho.

Fillers for-matrix

Izinto ezisetshenziselwa ukubekwa e base snap, ubheke ukuqinisa kusho. Eqinisweni, zakha isisekelo imikhiqizo esizayo futhi ngezinga elikhulu enquma kokusebenza yayo izici. Kuye isiqondiso ukukhiqizwa kungaba ugletkannye fillers, le-basalt indwangu yokuthunga izinto nangokuvikela, Kevlar aramids futhi t. D. Iqembu ahlukene iqukethe impahla cleaner ukumnika, zazo kamuva etholwe-fiberglass. Kuhlanganisa fiberglass bendabuko, steklorovingovye web steklovuali namabhodlela fibre amacansi. It is Sekuvamile ngaphezulu kanye Indwangu kuhlanganiswe. Ikakhulukazi, ngokuhlanganisa izakhiwo ezahlukene lobuchwepheshe kanye ngokomzimba athandwa Aramid Aramid carboxylic futhi basalt fillers.

izinto asizayo

Leli qembu materials kuphela isetshenziswa inhlangano inqubo ukumnika, hhayi ingxenye umkhiqizo wokugcina. Ekuqedeni leyo misebenzi ziyasuswa. Isakhi esiyinhloko lolu hlobo kuyinto Ply ikhasi, okuhloswe ngalo ukwakha umgodi bushelelezi engaphakathi preform esiyingxenye ukumnika cleaner. Okokusebenza futhi bavikelekile lokhu Indwangu lwaludlula inhlaka. Umsebenzi ayisivikelo impahla womhlatshelo kubangelwa oyiyo ukumelana amathonya zangaphandle kanye adhesion ubuncane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-material ayimpoqo asekelayo kuhlanganisa anezikhala conductive zenzelwe kufuneka uveze ukukhungatheka liner kanye resin base abalwazi kahle ulimi. Ekulungiseleleni matrix futhi esetshenziswa cleaner ifilimu. It is zihlukaniswa a eqine wemfihlo ephakeme ka 400% futhi ikhono lokubekezelela eshisa ngaphezu kuka 100 ° C.

isibopho

Ngesikhathi isibopho ine lobalulekile, Ngakho-ke, lokho okufunwa zakhe eziphakeme. Kufanele ibe impahla nge viscosity ongaphakeme kanye isiqongo exothermic, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ukusebenza eliphezulu. Into elihambisana lezi nemingcele ukuqinisekisa ukumuncwa ngokushesha impahla yokugcizelela bese ugcine elikhulu yokusebenza isakhiwo. Ngenxa yale njongo ngokukhethekile resin ukumnika okuyothi cleaner impregnation anganikeza elisekela-10 mm obukhulu. ukusebenza okuphezulu kubaluleke ngokukhethekile emsebenzini imikhiqizo ezinkulu - lokhu izinga kusiza ukuqedela inqubo ngaphambi ukuqala gelation.

Inhlangano wokufaka isibopho

inqubo Inhlangano wayekwenza ukumnika emaqhingeni ezimbili: i annular kanye ngokulinganisa. Endabeni wangaphambili, ukwabiwa isiteshi Kwenziwa azungezwe we matrix futhi isibopho feed iphuzu ahlelwe ikhefu esiyingini cleaner. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuhamba resin kuhlelwe ngendlela isiqondiso esivela emnyombweni ukuze azungezwe. Lokhu kuvimbela ukuvuza komoya, ngakho njengoba cleaner ukumnika izovala isiteshi iringi.

Inhlangano yokusabalalisa okucishe kufane nalokhu isibopho kusikisela ukubekwa okuphambene isiteshi cleaner futhi okuphakelayo iphuzu resin. Kulokhu, ukuhamba resin lisuselwa ngenye inhlangano kwenye. I yokuntula kwalesi sikhwama osebenza emoyeni ukuvuza nje isibonisi ipherimitha, okuyinto siqedwa ngokusebenzisa resin indandatho.

Ingabe Zikhona Izimo Ezenza ekutholeni izinga umkhiqizo

Nciphisa ingozi izinga abampofu umkhiqizo wokugcina kuzokwenza ukulawula imingcele eziningana yenqubo ukukhiqizwa. Ngokuyinhloko, lokhu kuhlanganisa avuzayo cleaner - igobolondo impahla akufanele zinemigodi noma izindawo gapping kuya yamathebhu. Ngokulandelayo, ingxenye resin zibalwe viscosity, okungamele kube ephakeme kunaleyo 600 MPA * s, ngaphandle kwalokho inqubo kuyoba kancane futhi maningi amathuba okuthi avumele ukwakheka voids. Okuningi kuxhomeke izinga izibalo kwezicubu izingqimba. Serial cleaner ukumnika Indlela ikakhulukazi afune izinto ngenkani kwabanye ukusatshalaliswa Izendlalelo impahla carbon. ikhompyutha Lungile ngaphandle izingxenye engalingani kwandisa amathuba ukubanjwa abalinganiselayo isakhiwo sabo sangaphakathi oluyinhlanganisela.

isiphetho

izinto Artificial ngenkuthalo ukuze esikhundleni bendabuko izinto zokusetshenziswa emakethe. Le nqubo ihlanganisa ezihlukahlukene izindawo. ukusatshalaliswa Olubangelwa zokwenziwa amapulasitiki ukusebenza kunenzuzo izakhiwo, wanika carbon efanayo noma-fiberglass. Kulo mongo, cleaner ukumnika sicubungula eyodwa kuphela kusho ukunikeza okusezingeni eliphezulu izakhiwo lobuchwepheshe nabonakalayo impahla okuholela. Ekuqaleni bocwepheshe baye basungula le ndlela njengoba ithuluzi ukususa izici ezingezinhle ukukhiqizwa. Ikakhulukazi, ukumnika encishisiwe khona voids e isakhiwo ezibonakalayo. Esikhathini esizayo, indlela wabonisa nezinye izimfanelo ezinhle wakufaka ekuthuthukisweni kokuhlanzeka kwemvelo, futhi ukunciphisa izindleko zezimali zokukhiqiza.