Umshini ECG (electrocardiograph): izinhlobo, izimiso yokusebenza

Electrocardiography - indlela ucwaningo we imisipha yenhliziyo. Ngosizo le ECG iyunithi iza ukulungisa elakhiwe Amasimu kagesi eminye imiphumela zizalela ngesimo izithombe womfanekiso iphepha ezishisayo (ezimweni eziningi). Eyokuqala ECG idatha umshini irekhodwe ku ifilimu, khona-ke kukhona inki abalobi. Uma idivayisi kuyinto ngogesi ngokugcwele, idatha ingagcinwa enkumbulweni ikhompyutha.

Ukusebenzisa electrocardiographs

inqubo electrocardiography wenziwa nge yezinhloso ezilandelayo:

• ukucacisa imvamisa futhi njalo Kufinyeta of imisipha yenhliziyo;
• uma ufuna ukunquma khona yenhliziyo Umthambo isifo noma yisifo senhliziyo;
• uma ufuna ukuqinisekisa noma ukuphika ukuba khona i ukuntula electrolyte;
• ukutholakala buyekeza ukuvinjelwa inhliziyo;
• Kuhlola Dynamics ngesikhathi kuqulwa icala lakhe nge umthwalo;
• uma ufuna ukucacisa izici yokwakheka kanye bokuphila inhliziyo (isib, ventricular kwesokunxele hypertrophy) ;
• uma ufuna ukuqinisekisa noma siphike ukuthuthukiswa embolism yamaphaphu;
• luhlolo Zokuzivikela yezokwelapha sabantu ngesikhathi.

amadivaysi yesimanje

Ngisho 20-30 edlule, idivayisi ECG khona umshini omkhulu kunzima ukuthela ukuthutha futhi isikhala esiningi ekamelweni. Ubuchwepheshe banamuhla buye bavunyelwe ukunciphisa Ubukhulu kudivayisi (kufika ku mobile) ngaphandle kokulahleka izinga e ukusebenza.

kudivayisi ECG Ungarekhoda kuziteshi eyodwa noma amaningi, futhi isekelwe lapho division ngemacembu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele ifakwe isofthiwe ethize:

• umbiko syndromic imiphumela idatha;
• ephula ukushaya kwenhliziyo kufanele luvulwe ngokuzenzakalelayo ku oqokiwe;
• Khetha idivaysi ye defibrillation futhi ukusebenza kwawo mqulu;
• ukuqapha umsebenzi wenhliziyo isikhathi eside imiphumela eqoshiwe inkumbulo idivayisi;
• ithuba lokwenza i-electrocardiogram neziguli eziningana kanyekanye ukukhiya idatha kumemori;
• elawulwa kude.

amadivaysi Single-siteshi

Zisetshenziswa cishe zonke ukunakekelwa kwezempilo zomphakathi kanye nezizimele izindawo, nama-ambulensi. electrocardiograph okunjalo ephathekayo has a isisindo 1 kg. Idivayisi okuhlanganiswe mini-iphrinta ukuthi okukhiphayo idatha ECG ephepheni ezishisayo. Kungenzeka ukunquma ngokuzenzakalela uphethwe. umshini okunjalo ECG ongasebenza kunethiwekhi noma ibhethri yangaphakathi.

Kukhona futhi amancane ngosayizi onobuhle (800 g), okuyizinto athandwa phakathi abezimo eziphuthumayo. Kungenzeka ukubhala esincane idatha kwimemori idivayisi i ECG. Inani amadivayisi owodwa isiteshi uhla ruble ayizigidi 22-30.

amadivaysi emithathu isiteshi

electrocardiographs okunjalo benawo emithathu isiteshi ezishisayo iphrinta futhi zizalela Imiphumela yocwaningo. Have izici ezilandelayo:

• ukubalwa kwenziwe ngokuzenzakalelayo, ukusebenza ukulawula kudivayisi ayidingeki;
• Thermal has ukunwetshwa abalulekile, ukuvumela, ngaphezu idatha umfanekiso electrocardiogram, ucacise ulwazi lomuntu siqu mayelana nesineke wasebenzisa precipitator electrostatic, ezingeni wokukhuphuka amplitude cwaningo;
• imiphumela angadluliselwa PC for vyschityvaniya izinkomba ezengeziwe;
• kungenzeka ukuba defibrillation.

Izindleko emithathu isiteshi ECG ungaphakathi uhla ruble ayizigidi 50.

kudivayisi ayisithupha isiteshi

umshini okunjalo ECG unenkambu ebanzi kwesicelo. Ziyakwazi abasebenzi nezinsiza zokutakula, izibhedlela lempi, ambulensi, emitholampilo yangasese. ECG kungenzeka ku izinhlobo ezimbili amadivayisi ayisithupha isiteshi: ephathekayo (laptop) amakhompyutha.

Izici:

• Ukulondolozwa Imiphumela yenhlolo-vo ka-1000 (iyatholakala disk kanzima-10 GB);
• ukuqhuba ucwaningo iziguli 150 ngaphandle lingatshajwa apharathasi;
• ukuphrinta ngesivinini esikhulu, okuyinto kwenziwa ngokuzenzakalelayo;
• ukusetshenziswa amaningi iphepha osayizi ukulungisa imiphumela.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, leli thuluzi ukuze ECG, okuyinto intengo ku ekupha ama-ruble ayizigidi 75, sibonisa isimo idivayisi: amandla, inkumbulo ibhethri, unqamule electrode, esixwayisa ukuphela kuseduze ephepheni.

Dvenadtsatikanalnye electrocardiographs

Asetshenziswa amathambo, imithi yangaphakathi, ukuhlinzwa, izimo eziphuthumayo, phakathi nokuvuselelwa ngemva izinqubo zokuhlinza, phakathi nezinqubo ukuze athole ukwelashwa komzimba. Ukususwa ECG Lokhu apharathasi kunezinzuzo eziningi. Idivayisi ikuvumela ukuba alobe idatha ngehora oyedwa nesineke ukungena idatha mayelana nesineke, kanye ukuphatha electrocardiograph ku- PC.

Iphuzu elithakazelisayo lelo wukuthi kungenzeka ukushayela lezi zilinganiso futhi, esimweni sokunquma ngeziphambeko at idivayisi ukuhlolwa izonikeza Ukuhlukumeza isignali. Yenza ECG ivumela iqoqo ukuthi siqukethe izinto ezilandelayo:

• electrocardiograph;
• kukhompyutha akwazi ukuxhumana ngedivayisi ECG ngokusebenzisa introducer noma besprovodnikovuyu isibopho;
• iphrinta ikuvumela ukuphrinta imiphumela nemininingwane yokuhlola;
• ergometer - idivaysi ingasetshenziswa ukuhlola umsebenzi imisipha yenhliziyo kuya umthwalo exhunywe kwi-electrocardiograph nge-Bluetooth;
• isofthiwe.

amadivaysi Izindleko dvenadtsatikanalnyh zokhahlamba kusuka ruble 100 kuya kwezingu-500, kuye ngezimo zezwe ngalinye endabuko, bese iqoqo imishini.

ucwaningo Ukuqhuba

Ukulinganisa umehluko ezingaba esetshenziselwa alahlwayo ECG electrode, okuyinto esikhulu izingxenye ezithile zomzimba. Nenkanuko edlulele esifundeni ijeli sisetshenziswa, okuyinto ngcono conductivity kwesikhumba. Ngakho-ke manje, kodwa wasebenzisa the Swayipha of gauze ofakwe amanzi usawoti.

Senhliziyo esilimele amaseli ugesi encane kagesi ukuthi phezu okuvela wave excitation futhi lingashajwa. Electrocardiogram - umphumela isilinganiso onekhono obusebenzayo lezi ugesi, okubonisa ukusabalala amaza kagesi enhliziyweni.

Yini udokotela phezu cardiogram?

Ngokuvamile ECG ungakwazi ukuchaza nemingcele ezilandelayo:

1. Barb P - ingumfanekiso we depolarization we Atria.
2. QRS - eziyinkimbinkimbi, okubonisa depolarization ventricular.
3. ST ne-T wave - repolarization we ventricles.
4. Wave U - ochwepheshe banemibono eyahlukene uma kuza ngokuqokwa kwakhe. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi igagasi repolarization kungenxa Purkinje Imicu yotshani nezinye ukhuluma ngani Ukungena potassium kumaseli inhliziyo esikhathini aziphumulele.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela indawo imikhondo lapho umehluko ezingaba kukalwa. Izifiso zakhe zokuqala ezintathu umdlalo isetshenziswa esitho (electrode ebomvu esandleni sangakwesokudla, ophuzi - ngakwesobunxele, oluhlaza - onyaweni ngakwesokunxele). On unyawo lwesokudla sisetshenziswa electrode abamnyama, okungadingi ukukala ukusebenza, futhi lihlala.

imikhondo Precordial, okuyinto esikhulu electrode ECG (alahlwayo):

• V1 - onqenqemeni kwesokudla sternum kule 4 intercostal isikhala;
• V2 - kwesokunxele emaphethelweni sternal kule 4 intercostal isikhala;
• V3 - iphakathi V2 futhi V4;
• V4 - umugqa maphakathi no-clavicular ku 5th intercostal isikhala;
• V5 - the anterior axillary umugqa ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo nezinga ovundlile V4;
• V6 - ngesikhathi umugqa maphakathi no-axillary ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo nezinga ovundlile V4;
• V7 - emgqeni posterior axillary ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo ne ovundlile ezingeni V4;
• V8 - ngesikhathi umugqa maphakathi no-scapular ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo nezinga enezingqimba V4;
• V9 - elayinini paravertebral ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo nezinga enezingqimba V4.

Ezinye izindlela ECG

Kukhona inombolo ethize amasu. Ngokwesibonelo, electrocardiography ngokusebenzisa kuqhoqhoqho. Mafutha anciphisa isikhala esingaphakathi ngomphimbo iqondiswa electrode efomini asebenzayo. Le ndlela ulwazi lapho ezihlukahlukene ukuvinjelwa inhliziyo.

Vectorcardiography - inqubo zokuxilonga evumela ukulungisa Vector kagesi ukusebenza imisipha yenhliziyo ngesimo Iwumbono lezinombolo ngakuthathu phezu flat.

Daily zokuqapha Holter - nokuhlola umsebenzi imisipha yenhliziyo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi isikhathi eside. A isici esihle esimweni esingajabulisi kungenzeka yokufeza hhayi kuphela e umile kodwa nasekhaya. Idatha ukuhlola idluliselwa kuze kube sekupheleni kwe-computer, okuyinto vele kuyinto udokotela zabo zokutadisha ezingakhi phezulu.

Gastrokardiomonitorirovanie - kukhona nenkanuko edlulele ngesikhathi esisodwa ECG idatha kanye gastrogrammy amahora angu-24. Kanye kwedivayisi kwamanethiwekhi electrocardiography nesineke iqondiswa ngamapayipi nasogastric, okuyothi ngalo idatha etholwe ku asidi we esiswini noma emphinjeni.

Medicine ngokuvamile nezenhliziyo ngokukhethekile, ningemi. Nge imishini zokuxilonga kuyathuthuka njalo ngonyaka, waliguqula ku amaningi, uquketheni lowo amaphuzu ukuthi ubukade nemibi.