Umshado Njengesipho abaningi abanawo nezomthetho. Inqubo umshado

Umlando waleli esi- ngcwele has nezimpande ezijulile. Ngakho ngokujulile ukuthi ziya izingqimba sokuqala ngqá emlandweni wesintu. Inqubo ngomshado echazwe eBhayibhelini. Njengoba izikhathi Old Testament isithembiso Uyisibopho yokuzithandela kowesilisa kusiya kowesifazana, asebethathe isinqumo mutual bayazi ukuhlala ndawonye bese bahlanganise ngokuvumelana nezindinganiso zikaNkulunkulu. Igama elithi "evamile" siqonda izisekelo umthetho umndeni, njengoba kubekiwe imiBhalo.

Ngokumangalisayo, naphezu yinkimbinkimbi kudivayisi okuchazwe kule nomthetho yamazwe amaningi futhi akukho ecacile definition ngomshado. Lokhu kungenxa ngokunembile yokuthi umshado - lokhu akulona nje sebhizinisi lapho wonke amalungelo nezibopho ibambisana degrees lokunemba amenable ukuba isiqondiso zomthetho obuhlukahlukene. Umshado - union, futhi le ncazelo ibonisa inkululeko ethile ubuhlobo phakathi kwesibambisene nabo. Kunengqondo lokho, ngoba lo mkhaya kudalwa hhayi kuphela hhayi kakhulu ukugcwalisa ezinye izibopho emphakathini noma ukukhulisa izingane, indlela, ukufinyelela ubunye obungokomoya futhi ukhoporali ( "; labo ababili bayakuba nyamanye"), ukunakekelwa izidingo ezingokomoya nezingokwenyama uzakwethu, ukuqinisa futhi bavikele nomunye. Futhi lezi ubuhlakani ngokomoya, kungakhathaliseki umthetho angeke kulawulwe kahle.

Uma ucabangela oda umshado njengoba enzeka zomthetho, kukhona izinhlobo eziningana okwenza imishado enjalo: iyilabo abaye ilotshwe izitho ekhethekile, isonto kanye langempela (kuyefana ngubani ngokuyiphutha ngokuthi civil). Non-ayanda eRussia, kodwa ezenzeka emhlabeni izinhlobo ezifana komshado polygyny (isithembu), polyandry (Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma amadoda amaningi), yesikhashana noma inkontileka ngamanga futhi ekugcineni abangela yamuva nempi enkulu phakathi izishayamthetho futhi phakathi abakhileyo kwabantu bobulili obufanayo.

Ngokusobala ukuqhuba kanye nemithetho isithembiso kubhekwa ngaphansi okuyinto ezinkantolo emazweni ahlukahlukene kulawulwa ngendlela ehlukile. Umshado eRussia, njengoba imiphumela wezomthetho lesi senzo kwenzeka uma ukubhaliswa zizokwenzeka ejensi kahulumeni (njenge-oda eFrance, Japan, Germany). Kwamanye amazwe, kukhethwa ifomu - ukubhaliswa zombango noma isonto - uhlala abashadayo, isimo saziwa ngokuthi nenye union (eSpain, eNgilandi, Canada, Italy). imishado Okwesithathu kuphela ifomu zenkolo (Israyeli, abanye e-United States nase-Canada, emazweni Islamic).

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi igama elithi "umshado" livela lesiGreki elithi γάμος, okuyinto lisuselwa "thatha". Related kuye yasendulo "brachiti" Russian kuchazwa ngokuthi isenzo okuhloswe ngaso ukukhetha okuhle kunakho konke okuhle futhi wenqabe okungalungile, okonakele. Ngokusekelwe osekushiwo, singaphetha ngokuthi igama elithi "umshado" njengoba inyunyana abantu ababili, futhi namesake wakhe, okubonisa yekhwalithi ephansi izimpahla, hhayi kude kakhulu nencazelo yalo lucebe. Akumangazi-ke ukuthi emazweni amaningi kukhona kwezithibelo ezithile kanye nenqubo somshado ngoba imibhangqwana esemisha. Ngakho, ngokwesibonelo, Ikhodi Umndeni uthi kube isiphelo sesimiso emshadweni eRussia akunakwenzeka, uma othile kusuka zokufuna ukuqala umndeni usexhumanisiwe ngu zomkhaya olusemthethweni nomunye umuntu. Kuyinto futhi isixhumanisi kungenzeka kwezihlobo eziseduze noma uma umkhwenyana noma umakoti jeza phi isifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Kunqatshelwe ngokomthetho braksochetaniya phakathi kwabazali yokutholwa bese izingane zokutholwa. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, umshado eJalimane usesimweni esinjalo kungenzeka. Kuphela kuleli cala kuhlanganiswe yekani ukuba izihlobo, okusho komzali nengane. Inqubo ekhona lomshado umthetho civil yaleli zwe iyeke Kulezo zimo isibopho ukutholwa.

Njengoba singabona, sekuyizinkulungwane zeminyaka ka yayo umlando, humanity uwukakabi indlela yekubukana tintfo ngendlela enobunye ekwakhekeni uhlelo umshado. Mhlawumbe yingakho izibopho zawo ezivamile namuhla ukuzivikela ukuhlaselwa umbono weningi futhi inkululeko azihambelani izimiso eziphakeme zokuziphatha.