Ukususwa kwezimoto: umthetho, izizathu, ukuhleleka kokuphuma

Abaningi bezimoto abahlangabezane nezinqubo ezijabulisayo kakhulu - ukukhishwa kwemoto (ukukhishwa) kwemoto ngokuthumela endaweni yokupaka. Ngokuvamile, imithetho yalesi senzo ayiqondakali ngokuphelele, kanye nokufaneleka kwabo kusukela ekubukeni komthetho. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile le mibuzo yilezi: yiziphi izizathu lapho kungenzeka khona ukukhipha izimoto, kubalulekile ukuyikhokhela futhi ikakhulu kangakanani? Futhi yini okumelwe ikwenze kumshayeli, ovele wathola ngokungekho imoto yakhe endaweni?

Kulesi sihloko, sizozama ukuphendula imibuzo esemqoka mayelana nale nqubo.

Kuthiwani umthetho ngokukhishwa kwezimoto?

Isenzo esiyisisekelo esijwayelekile, ngesisekelo lapho iziphathimandla zedolobha zihlakulela khona amadokhumenti abo kulo mbandela, i-Code of Criminal Administrations. Okulandelayo, sikhuluma ngenombolo 195-FZ, edluliselwe ngoDisemba 2001, ngokubhekisela kuyo. Uma uthatha i-capital yethu njengesibonelo, ikakhulukazi kunamanye amadokhumende ajwayelekile - uMthetho No. 42 ka-11.07.2012 (ubeka inqubo yokulayisha imoto emotweni ye-tow nokuyiyisa endaweni yokupaka, kanye nemithetho yokuyibuyisela nokuyibuyisela kabusha Izindleko zezezimali). I-Order No. 35-R yomnyango wezomnotho (September 2013), ihlunga inani lokukhokha lezo zenzo. Futhi futhi - Isimemezelo No. 216-PP (Ephreli 2013) soHulumeni waseMoscow.

Izifunda zinezincwadi zazo zokulawula eziqukethe lonke ulwazi mayelana nokukhishwa kwezimoto. Izinhlinzeko zabo zihambisana ngokulinganayo, futhi okuyinhloko, i-Code Administrative ye-Russian Federation, kufanele iqondiswe.

Izimo lapho izimoto zingasuswa khona

Nalu uhlu lwamacala lapho umthetho uvunyelwe khona ukugcina imoto futhi kuthathwe ngokuphoqelelwa endaweni yokupaka ngokusho kwesigatshana 27.13 sekhodi yokuphatha:

1. Isimo sokungabikho lapho ushayela ilayisense yokushayela ngezimoto.

2. Ukusebenzisa imoto ngamabhuleki ngesimo esingalungile.

3. Uma imoto iqhutshwa ngumshayeli ongenamalungelo noma engenalo nhlobo.

4. Yakha ukutholakala komshayeli esimweni sokudakwa (utshwala, i-narcotic).

5. Ukungahoxisi umnikazi wemikhakha yemoto noma izimpawu zomgwaqo, okubonisa ukuvinjelwa kokupaka noma ukuma.

6. Uma imoto imiswe emgwaqweni futhi iphazamisa ukuhamba kwezinye izimoto. Okufanayo kusebenza kumacala okupaka ebangeni elingaphansi kwamamitha angu-5 ukusuka ekuhambeni ngezinyawo.

7. Uma imithetho yokuthutha izimpahla ezisindayo noma ezinamandla ayitholakali.

8. Uma izimpahla eziyingozi zihanjiswa ngokwephula.

9. Uma kwenzeka ukusola ukuphuza utshwala nokulahla umshayeli ukuba ahlole ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha (uma kudingeke ukuthi uphenyo lomgwaqo).

10. Lapho, ngemuva kokwenza ingozi, umshayeli wasebenzisa utshwala noma izidakamizwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa okunjalo.

Uhlu lwezizathu zokukhishwa kwemoto lungacatshangwa luphelele. Okusho ukuthi, ukuphulwa okunye akuholele ekususweni okuphoqelelwe futhi kulokhu akucatshangwa.

Imithetho Ejwayelekile Yezinqubo

Imithethonqubo yabo ichazwa ngokucacile futhi ayisho ukuthi yiziphi iziphambeko. Uhlelo lokukhishwa kwezimoto kanje.

Umsebenzi wephoyisa lomgwaqo ogcinwe yimoto ukuhlanganisa inqubo ehambisanayo ngokuphindaphindiwe, umshayeli kanye nephoyisa kufanele basayine. Uma umnikazi enqaba isikhulu somthetho ngesignesha, kunikezwa uphawu olulungisa iqiniso lokwela. Izimo eziphoqelekile zokudweba i-protocol kukhona ukutholakala kofakazi noma ukulungiswa kwenqubo ngokurekhoda kwevidiyo.

Okuqukethwe kweprotocol kumele kufake idatha elandelayo:

1. Indawo kanye nosuku nesikhathi esiqondile sokuhlanganiswa kwayo.

2. Isizathu esicacile sokususwa kwezimoto ngokubhekiselwe kulesi sihloko seKhowudi yeziphambeko zokuphatha zeRussia Federation.

3. Isibonisi esigcwele sesihloko, isikhundla, isibongo kanye neziqalo zesiphathimandla samaphoyisa esitokisini esiqoqa futhi sibonise lo myalelo.

4. Yonke imininingwane edingekayo mayelana nemoto nomshayeli.

5. Idatha egunyaziwe isisebenzi sakhe iphoyisa elibopha imoto.

6. Uma kutholakala ukuboshwa nomshayeli, kunesibopho sokuhlanganisa uhlu lwezinto zomuntu siqu nezinto eziyigugu ezitholakala emotweni ngesikhathi sokubhala umbiko. Kumele futhi ichaze wonke amaphutha kanye nokulimala okwamanje kumshini.

Yini okunye okufanele uyikhumbule

Ngaphezu kwemithetho yokugcwalisa umlandeli kumshayeli kulesi simo, kufanele wazi ukuthi:

1. Kudingekile ukubeka zonke izindawo lapho ukufinyelela khona imoto kufinyeleleke khona.

2. Imithetho yokukhishwa kwezimoto, isitoreji sabo kanye nobukhulu bemali ingashintsha endaweni yezinfundo ezithile ze-federation, ngoba zinikwe igunya lokuzibeka ngokuzimela. Ngakho-ke, imithetho yendawo kufanele ifundwe ngokucophelela. Lokhu akusebenzi nje kuphela emzini wasekhaya, kodwa nakwamanye amazwe okuzohamba kuwo amabanga amade.

3. Isikhathi sokuboshwa siqala kusukela ngesikhathi lapho i-protocol yenziwe khona.

Izindleko zokukhishwa ziningi kangakanani?

Izinsizakalo ezinjalo zihlolwa (ukukhishwa nokugcinwa kwezimoto endaweni yokupaka) ngezindlela ezahlukene esifundeni ngasinye. Iziphathimandla zasemhlabeni zinquma lokhu. EMoscow, izimali zokukhishwa kwezimoto zibala inombolo yocingo 35-R ebhekiswe ngenhla. Isibonelo, nansi ambalwa ambalwa avela kulo mbhalo:

1. Uma izimoto zingaphansi kwesigaba A noma B futhi amandla enjini ayidluli ama-80 amalitha. With., Kufanele ukhokhe inani lama-ruble angu-3000.

2. Imoto yesigaba B, enekhono elingama-80-250 amalitha. With., "Ingabe uzodonsa" edilini ngesilinganiso se-5000 rbl. Lokhu akusebenzi kumaloli.

3. Isigaba esifanayo semoto enenjini enamandla kunama-250 amalitha. Nge. (Futhi ngaphandle kokufaka impahla) ukuqinisekisa ukuthi u-7000 ruble. Kuhle.

4. Isigaba samashini D, esaziwa, sihlanganisa amaloli (ngaphandle kwalabo abangaphezu kwamandla amaningi) azochitha umnini wabo ngenani lama-ruble angu-27 000.

Futhi isilondolozi?

Imali yokupaka yokupaka imoto yezimoto ezikhishweyo ibalwa nsuku zonke futhi ilingana namabhulekhi amahlanu angama-ruble engama-A, ngezigaba ze-B noma ze-D (kuze kube ngu-3.5 amathani wesisindo esivunyelwe) - ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane, enesisindo esingaphezu kwamathani amathathu nengxenye (futhi Esigabeni C noma E) - izinkulungwane ezimbili. Isitoreji sezinsuku zokuthutha ngokweqile kuyobiza umnikazi wama-ruble angu-3000.

Ngokomthetho, lapho kubalwa ukukhokha, usuku lucatshangelwa ngokugcwele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukukhokhelwa kwezinsizakalo zokuthutha kanye nokugcinwa kwezimoto endaweni yokupaka akukhiphi isijeziso esisodwa ngesikhathi sokuphulwa kwamaphoyisa omgwaqo.

Kwenzeka kanjani

Njengomthetho, isimo sibonakala kanje: uma ubeka imoto endaweni okubhekwa ukuthi ayifakiwe, umshayeli uyahamba naye siqu. Ngalesi sikhathi "esiteshini" yisigcawu samaphoyisa abasebenzi abhalwe ukuthi kukhona ukwephulwa kwemithetho yomgwaqo. Baphinde babize isevisi ehambelanayo. Ukukhishwa kwezimoto "ezilahliwe" kwenzeka masinyane, futhi, uma ubuyile, umshayeli akakwazi ukuqonda ukuthi imoto ikuphi nokuthi ungabiza kuphi.

Uma umninimzi evele avele ngaphambi kokukhishwa kwemoto yakhe (ngisho noma imoto isivele ilayishwe esiteji, kodwa ukuhamba ngokuya endaweni yokupaka kungakaqali), umthetho unikeza ilungelo lokuhoxisa futhi ubuyisele imoto. Khona-ke umhloli uphakamisa umthetho wokuphulwa kwemithetho yomgwaqo ngenhlawulo. Ngemva kokuyikhokhela khona, umshayeli uthola ilungelo lokubuyela ekushayeleni imoto yakhe.

Ngingakugwema kanjani futhi ukuthunyelwa endaweni yokupaka?

Kukhona okukhethwa kukho okulandelayo:

1. Ubiza iloli ye-tow bese uyithumela kanye nemoto egxilile egaraji lakho. Kulokhu, kufanele ukhokhele kuphela amasevisi esivumelwano sokukhishwa kwemoto.

2. Uma umnikazi womnikazi engavunyelwe ukushayela umhloli, zama ukuthola umuntu ofuna ukukusiza futhi athumele imoto ngokwakho (isibonelo, ku-tow).

3. Ezinye zezinkinga noma izifo ezingasebenzi zingenziwa ukuba ziqedwe ngqo kwisayithi.

Ungaba kanjani, lapho iloli lokudonsa imoto eligxilwe kuyo lihlelwe? Misa umshayeli wakhe engasenayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kuyadingeka ukuthatha imoto emotweni yokupaka izimoto, futhi ngemuva kokuthola imvume efanele yomhloli, obanjwe yimoto.

Ngesikhathi sokuhamba imoto

Into ebaluleke kunazo zonke kule nkinga ukuthola ulwazi olusemthethweni mayelana nekheli lokuthumela komngane wakho wensimbi. Inketho elula - uma idatha edingekayo ingatholakala ngokushesha endaweni evela kuMhloli we-State Traffic Safety Inspectorate. Uphinde ubhale imvume ephathelene nokubuya kwemoto. Kulesi simo, okungenani akudingeki ulinde isikhathi eside ukuthola ukuthi imoto iboshiwe futhi ithunyelwe endaweni yokupaka nokuthi yimiphi iminyango yamaphoyisa emgwaqweni ozohamba nayo ukuxazulula le nkinga.

Buyisela imoto

Uma imvume iseduze, ungaya ngemuva kwemoto. Ukuze ubhalise ukubuya kwemoto kumshayeli kudingeka ukuthi ube nombhalo wamanye amadokhumenti athile, okungukuthi:

1. I-Protocol yokuboshwa, lapho inothi eligunyazwe ukubuyela liboniswa.

2. Iphakheji lazo zonke izincwadi ezidingekayo emotweni.

3. Ilayisensi yokushayela.

4. Idokhumenti yomuntu siqu (ipasipoti).

Ukukhokhela izinsiza zokukhishwa kwezimoto kanye nokugcina indawo kungenziwa ngqo endaweni yokupaka ekhethekile. Njengoba usuqedile ngemigomo, ungathatha imoto. Uma uthatha imoto, qiniseka ukuthi zonke izinto zikhona, futhi imoto ngokwayo ayinayo izimpawu zomonakalo, kungenzeka ngezinqubo zokungalungi noma ezingalungile zokuthutha.

I-oda elisha lokukhishwa kwezimoto

Kusukela ngoJuni 2015 ensimini yezwe lakithi, imithetho emisha ephathelene nenqubo yokukhishwa kwemoto isiqalile. Izinhlinzeko eziqukethe kulokhu zithuthukisa isimo kanye namalungelo abashayeli abavamile. Iziphi izinguquko le dokhumenti equkethe?

1. Ngemva kokubiza umkhumbi futhi ekhishwe wonke amadokhumenti adingekayo, umhloli wamaphoyisa omgwaqo akumelwe ashiye indawo kuze kube yilapho yesikhulumi, kanye nemoto egxilile, iqala ukuhamba. Ibuyiselwe kulo mzuzu, umshayeli unelungelo lokulayishwa ngokushesha kweloli le-tow, emva kwalokho imoto ayikwazi ukususwa. Icala lizokhawulelwa ekukhishwe kwentela enomsebenzi wokukhokha ngokushesha. Ubukhulu bayo yi-ruble angu-1500. Ama-ruble angenangqondo ne-3000. - emadolobheni okubaluleka kwesifundazwe.

2. Ukuphulwa kwezidingo ezingenhla ngumhloli kubandakanya ukugodla kuye imali yokuphatha ngenani lama-ruble angu-20 000, okushiwo ku-Article 12.35 ye-Code of Criminal Administration.

3. Kusukela ngo-Agasti 2015, kufakwa ukucaciswa okungeziwe - ukukhishwa kungenziwa kuphela lapho uphawu lwezimoto luhambisana nesibonakaliso "Iloli lombhoshongo lisebenza". Uma ulwazi olunjalo lungatholakali, isenzo sokuthekelisa kubhekwa ngokungemthetho. Lokhu okusha, ngaphezu kwalokho, kuhambisane nomthetho ophoqelela amaphoyisa omgwaqo ukuba axwayise mayelana nokufakwa kwalawo macwecwe izinsuku ezingu-20 ngokushicilela ulwazi lokuqala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lonke ulwazi lolu hlobo kufanele lufakwe kwiwebhusayithi esemthethweni yezidumbu ezilawula isimo somgwaqo.

4. Inqubo yokuphunyuka imemezelwa ngokungemthetho ngisho nalapho ukwephula kuhlanganisa ukungabikho kwelayisensi yokushayela. Imithwalo yomhloli manje - hlola ngesisekelo sobukhona belokho nokujeziswa komnikazi wemoto okhohlwa ngenhla yama-ruble ama-500. Uma amalungelo engekho emthethweni noma umshayeli unqatshelwe enkantolo, ukusetshenziswa kweloli lombhoshongo kusemthethweni futhi kulungile.

5. Imithetho emisha iqukethe iphuzu elihlobene ngqo nokuthuthwa. Sibheka ngabashayeli ngabanye abahlobisa ngokungemthetho imoto yabo ngebheji "Bakhubazekile." Ukuhlukunyezwa okufanayo kujeziswa ngehora elilinganayo - ama-ruble angu-500. Uma ubona ukupaka endaweni ekhethekile yabakhubazekile, inhlawulo ikhula kabili - kuze kufike ku-ruble 5000.

Iseluleko kumshayeli

Uma ngezinye izikhathi uye endaweni yokupaka futhi ungatholi imoto yakho lapho, kungenzeka ukuthi ukuvinjelwa ukweba akukhiphi. Kulesi simo, kufanele uqale ubize i-02.

Khumbula ukuthi amacala amaningi okukhishwa kwamaphoyisa ahlobene nokupaka okungalungile noma okungemthetho endaweni yesibonakaliso esivimbelayo.

Inqubo yokukhishwa kwezimoto ikuvumela ukuba uqoqe imoto ngokuqondile kusuka kuloli ye-tow kuze kube yilapho usayina emlandweni wokuboshwa, kanye nesenzo sokuthatha imoto. Uma le mibhalo isivele isayinwe yi-autograph yomshayeli, ukuvakashelwa kwendawo yokupaka ngeke kugwenywe. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukubonisa ukunakwa okuphezulu ngezenzo zakho.

Izimo ezingajwayelekile

Izimoto nabantu abasendaweni yekhishi ayiphumelelwanga. Uma kwenzeka ukulahlwa kwabagibeli ukushiya imoto, umhloli wamaphoyisa angase akhiphe i-protocol eyengeziwe, ebonisa isizathu sokuphulwa kokungalaleli kwamaphoyisa omgwaqo.

Ngezinye izikhathi kunezimo ezivela esigabeni sokuphikisana. Imoto ingangena enkingeni ngokungazelelwe, futhi umshayeli uyishiya endaweni engafanelekile (endaweni yesignali esinqabela). Esigodini semoto banamathele inothi ukuthi imoto ayilungile, ebonisa isikhathi sokuthi imoto ingathunyelwa kanjani. Uma amaphoyisa esesitimela eshicilela ukupaka izimoto, kungenzeka ukuthi aye enkantolo. Khona-ke, ngokuveza imibhalo ebonisa ukungasebenzi kahle komshini, ngeke nje uzuze icala, kodwa futhi uthole isinxephezelo somonakalo owenziwe.