Ukusungulwa kwe-radio kwaba inkathi ushintsho olusheshayo kwezesayensi nakwezobuchwepheshe. Bekanye namanye ezintsha, imishini yezokuxhumana engenazo izintambo isibe esigabeni ebalulekile jikelele ekuthuthukeni kwabantu, ezithinta kokubili isithombe zobuchwepheshe izwe kanye izimo zenhlalo yomphakathi nezomnotho, ethula amathuba amasha ukuze isintu sizuze.
INGEMUVA zokuxhumana Wireless
Isinyathelo sokuqala, predetermined kokutholakala okusungulile umsakazo umhlambi ngo-1883 godu uThomas Edison umphumela sishaye unesimo ingilazi intambo ukukhanya. Umsunguli waphawula ukuthi osetshenziswayo kuya electrode zinamandla omuhle yakha samanje a cleaner phakathi intambo kanye electrode. Okutjho bona angabuyekeza nabo kuqala wathola ukuthi zamanje odlula imvelo, ngaphandle kosizo izintambo. Le nqubo iye yabizwa ngokuthi "Edison umphumela". Ngo-1868, usosayensi American Mahlonom Lumisom kwaba sibonelo wokuqala imishini yezokuxhumana engenazo izintambo. Empeleni, lokhu kwaba uhlelo yokudlulisela nokwamukela antenna, ubude 22 km. Nokho, kwaba nzima kakhulu futhi wayengekho ngisho umugqa ngokugcwele. Ukudala imishini yezokuxhumana engenazo izintambo ngokuphelele kumele kube Kwakuthinta namanje ukufunda ukusebenzisa imvelo ukuze ukudluliselwa kukagesi ulwazi ibanga. Ezibalulekile Ezingafundwa eyalandela emisha lobuchwepheshe kwaba ukudalwa noJakobe Mabhalane uMaxwell ngo-1865, i-theory ka-emkhakheni kagesi, okuyinto wathembela futhi Alexander Popov futhi Guglielmo Marconi. Nokho, ngaleso sikhathi kwaba namanje kuphela umbono ocatshangelwayo, akubona bonke yamukelwe. Imfundiso yokuziphendukela amagagasi kagesi cishe kwaqinisekiswa lapho ngo-1887, Genrih Gerts phendla emhlabeni generator yayo kanye elalinembobo amagagasi kagesi. Imisebenzi lezi zesayensi babé yinto isisekelo kubalulekile isinyathelo sokugcina ukudalwa iyunithi, bonke bangabafowabo ngezinga elithile olwabiwa kokusungulwa umsakazo. Enye into ukuthi zonke lezi imizamo babe ucwaningo laboratory kuphela ezingazange alethwe isiphelo sako okunengqondo.
Ukusungulwa kwe-radio: ngakho owayengowokuqala?
Izwe lethu besilokhu kubhekwe ukuthi ilungelo kungokwalabo iphayona Aleksandru Popovu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, eWest uzokutshela ukuthi Italian Guglielmo Marconi yasungulwa umsakazo. Bobabili ososayensi cishe ngasikhathi sinye Hertz ngcono kudivayisi. Futhi ngisho nekhambi lobuchwepheshe base kucishe. Basuke kokubili ukungezwa phansi insimbi kanye antenna, kanye nalokho okuthiwa coherer - ngamapayipi ingilazi, eyasebenza njengodonga Resistor ekupheleni okwakuthatha amagugu kakhulu kuphela futhi iqembu ukufakwa futhi edivayisini. Ngo-1895, kwamenyezelwa kokusungulwa umsakazo Popov. Ukuziletha senzeka ngoMeyi 7 Russian Physical futhi Chemical Society. Futhi entwasahlobo ka lowo nyaka, Marconi lucwaningo ukuhlolwa ezifanayo, kodwa okokuqala isicelo se-patent kokusungulwa. Ngakho, kokusungulwa umsakazo oyingqayizivele kunzima ukunikeza umuntu oyedwa nje, kwaba umphumela ukuthuthukiswa eside inkolelo-mbono yokuziphendukela amagagasi kagesi futhi cishe kanyekanye samuntu ke practice.