Ukungasebenzi kohlelo kukawoyela injini diesel: sokubuyekezwa izimbangela futhi izixazululo zezinkinga

Idivayisi kwanoma iyiphi imoto, kungaba udizili noma uphethiloli, inqobo uhlelo ugesi (ngamanye amagama, fuel). Abanye abantu bakholelwa ukuthi izimoto udizili kukhona finicky ngaphezulu izinga nophethiloli. It ngempela. Futhi ukulungisa njalo kwesimiso esinjalo kuwufanele kaningi ezibizayo. Lamuhla sitawubuka kuyini uhlelo kukawoyela injini diesel, isimo sawo futhi zokuxazulula inkinga eyisisekelo.

kudivayisi

Evamile, lesi simiso singasetshenziswa ahlukaniselwe izihibe ezimbili: umfutho ophakeme futhi ongaphakeme. Kugcine wenza ilungiselelo amafutha kanye ithumela yona le "ezingeni elilandelayo", kuya wesifunda wesibili. High-ingcindezi ohlelweni uba yokugcina fuel injection ekamelweni injini amandla omlilo.

Chain low-ingcindezi isifunda sihlanganisa iSifundazwe eziningana izingxenye zesakhiwo. Lesi sihlungi, isihlukanisi, le actuator fuel, heater, futhi futha. Okokhelekayo sidlula ngamunye yezingxenye ngenhla. I futha kudala ingcindezi ohlelweni, heater heats amakhaza "uwoyela diesel" ukuba izinga lokushisa oyifunayo (njengoba ebusika ke uguqulwe upharafini udaka), kanye ngokusebenzisa le lemifanekiso fuel agelezela sesibili, okuyisona esibaluleke ngokulinganayo ohlelweni wesifunda. It siqukethe le izingxenye ezilandelayo:

• Umfutho ophakeme fuel futha. It ixhuma lemifanekiso.
• Injectors. Muva nje eziningi udumo yazuza injector nawe ngqo fuel injection. Kukholakala ukuthi zenzelwe Isikali oluqonde kakhulu uphethiloli. Umshini akaphelelwa amandla ngenkathi ukusetshenziswa uwela.
• Okokhelekayo imigqa - imigqa, okuyinto ingxube kufakwa amasilinda.

Ngezansi sibheka ukwehluleka eyinhloko uhlelo kukawoyela injini diesel.

isiqalo kunzima

Ikakhulukazi ngokuvamile kwenzeka lapho amakhaza eshubisa umnkantsha. Kukholakala ukuthi udizili ukusebenzisa cishe akunakwenzeka ngaphandle Ukushisa ebusika. Ukuze okungenani ngandlela-thile nokunciphisa lesi simo, abakhiqizi abahlinzeke fuel Arctic, okubandakanya izithasiselo antizamerzayuschie. Kodwa kunzima ukusebenzisa akusho ngaso sonke isikhathi ikhuluma fuel eqandisiwe. Uma umshini kunzima ngisho ukuqala "ku ashisayo" kungenzeka okuyiphutha ephezulu ingcindezi futha, okungukuthi yayo izakhi umjovo. Kubalulekile ukuhlola i-engeli phambili supply fuel ukuze injini. bafake olungenzeka le Imibhobho esemzimbeni, ngenxa okuyinto ingxube olufuthwe ku uMbhalo ezimbi. Ngokuvamile, izizathu nzima ukuqala udizili eziningi. Ngakho-ke, yonke imininingwane uyahlolwa. Amaphutha angaba kukhanya, operation engalungile umlamuli ingcindezi, ekushodeni kukaphethiloli phambi futha. ukuhluleka okunjalo kohlelo kukawoyela injini diesel ( "Volkswagen T4" iyathinteka) ahambisana depressurization imigca fuel, ngenxa okuyinto emoyeni ingena futha, okuyinto ingasakwazi ukuthuthukisa ingcindezi oyifunayo.

Fall amandla

Kwenzeka ngenxa ukugqoka noma ukulimala dispensers. Futhi, ukungasebenzi enjalo kohlelo kukawoyela injini diesel zenzeka ngenxa yemali enganele uphethiloli ongena futha. Ngenxa phambi kwakhe kuyinto lemifanekiso, kungenzeka ukuthi wayemane ivinjiwe.

ukusetshenziswa eliphezulu

kuphakama iphutha amandla idatha udizili izinhlelo ngenxa engafanele wadalula kusengaphambili engela umjovo. Futhi, kukhuphuke petrol kuwumphumela wokusebenza engafanele futha nophethiloli. umjovo ingcindezi ezingeni ingxube liphezulu kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga ukugeleza luyanda ngenxa yokucinana ongaphakeme kule amasilinda.

Black umusi ovela ipayipi qeda

Futhi uma ethi "KAMAZ" ubhekwa le "isifo isitshalo", lapho abanikazi bamshaya indiva, phezu izimoto angaphandle ngibheme kusukela kushimula - isizathu sicabange ngokungathí sina. Lezizibonakaliso yenkathazo udizili ukhuluma ngani carburetion mubi amasilinda, okungase kube ngenxa ngasekupheleni fuel injection. Namanje kubalulekile ukuhlola Imibhobho esemzimbeni futhi nokusulwa e valve. kwakhiwa "ubumnyama" Sheer is by sludge okuxekethile ukuvala valve eyanele / qeda yenjini.

White futhi grey intuthu

Mhlawumbe gasket injini ikhanda ngesibhakela. Uma intuthu ekugcineni ubalekela, motor omane supercooled. Kuyinto evamile ukuba zindawo enyakatho.

umsebenzi onzima

Injini udizili ngokwemvelo ekuqaleni kuyinto uphethiloli ezinomsindo. Nokho, uma vibration kwaqina, cishe zenzeka ekuqaleni fuel injection. Ukunqunywa udizili iphutha uphethwe wenziwa Imibhobho esemzimbeni. Iphinde ihlola ezingeni kokucindezelwa kule amasilinda. ubuncane ezingeni layo kufanele kube 23 amakhilogramu ngayinye isentimitha cubic. Ukusuka ukusebenza phakathi amasilinda ngesikhathi esifanayo ingeqi 5-10 amaphesenti. Isilinganiso udizili motor ukhiqiza cishe 27-30 "amakhilogramu". Ukuze ubone ukuthi usebenzisa ithuluzi ekhethekile - Ukuminyanisa.

Yehlela e-zisakaza

Izimpawu - unhlangothi lifushane kakhulu igesi isinyathelo. Kulokhu, ulungise induku namafutha. Godu hlola lemifanekiso emoyeni. Mhlawumbe okuyiphutha fuel futha of umfutho ophakeme, yingakho ngeke ukuthuthukisa ingcindezi oyifunayo ohlelweni.

Float "idling"

Kulokhu, hlola washers uphawu ngaphansi Imibhobho esemzimbeni. Bheka ukukhweza emigqeni fuel phakathi lemifanekiso futha. Uma kudingekile, qinisa namandla. Futhi, lapho izimpawu ezinjalo udizili fuel uhlelo iphutha ukubukeka futha ukwesekwa ipuleti umonakalo. Nemihuzuko kungenzeka Umlawuli linemibhikisho we crankshaft. "Kokungenzi lutho" iflothi ngenxa ngokweqile igesi ukugandeleleka crankcase - hlola ukupholisa.

injini okulahlekile

Uma anezinto sendleleni, hlola engela offset Umjovo. Lokhu ukuphulwa kokunikezwa kwe-actuator uxhumano futha. Futhi, lemifanekiso ingcolile, ngenxa okuyinto bayantuleka amafutha kanye ongaphakeme ingcindezi supply. Ngokuqondene futha, kungenzeka skewing we pistons noma isihlukanisi Rotor. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi futha - lena nto eqolo simiso amandla udizili imoto. Ngenxa eziyinkimbinkimbi design isici nzima ukulungisa, ngakho izindleko yokutakula ifaniswe intengo into entsha ukuthengwa kwezincwadi ku-disassembly.

zokuvimbela

Ukuqeda uhlelo kukawoyela ukwehluleka udizili (ngoba ukwehluleka injini diesel - kungcono ezibizayo isikhathi eside), musa ubuvila lokufeza zokuvimbela. Into yokuqala okumele uyenze uhlelo wokuwasha nge PERIODICITY ka 1-2 izikhathi ngonyaka. Lo msebenzi sihilela ukuliqaqa uphethiloli kanye nokususwa zanqwabelana "kodaka" e lemifanekiso nophethiloli. Prakthiza ebonisa ukuthi ezansi phakathi ukusebenza ukhiqiza eziningi kodaka, okuyinto, uma ushayela ku-i tank ezingenalutho izihlungi ngokuzumayo yegazi amapayipi.

grade fuel

Ikakhulukazi kumayelana ukusetshenziswa imoto okuthiwa inguqulelo isizini. Amazinga air liye lehla, futhi amagalaji athengisa izinsalela fuel ehlobo. It ilahlekelwa fluidity yayo ngisho at -5 degrees. Ngaphezu kwalokho ibe upharafini ukuthi clogs futha nokuhlunga. Qiniseka ukuthi ucacise futha yiluphi uhlobo fuel kuyothululwa - ehlobo noma ebusika. Uma kwenzeka ngempela, ukuthi izinga lokushisa elithwala izivakashi liwa, futhi tank ehlobo "diesel" esiphezulu incibilikiswa umshini usebenzisa preheater, noma uma imoto umgibeli - plug heater egalaji ekhaya. Uma uqala injini diesel kubalulekile zonke degree.

Musa alulaze uphethiloli

Ezinye izingcweti, uma kunesidingo, qala injini diesel ebusika "bodyazhat" fuel uphethiloli. Kwenze sebekubeke engenakwenzeka. ERussia, sekuyisikhathi eside ithengiswe ekhethekile udizili arctic izithasiselo ukusiza ukuvimbela ukwakheka upharafini ethangini. Eqinisweni, lezi izithasiselo efanayo kunezelwa evamile fuel ehlobo esiteshini igesi - ngakho-ke iba ezifanele ukusetshenziswa ebusika. Akukho okungalungile ngalokho. Kodwa alulaze ngayo uphethiloli - ukuzibulala nje (ebhekisela uhlelo fuel).

ukufudumala ebusika

Warm noma cha? Okokhelekayo simiso injini diesel, iyiphi idivayisi kuyinto kakhulu sihluke uphethiloli, futhi abadinga lesi senzo. Qala injini, wasiqashisa qalisa esiqalisweni kokungenzi lutho imizuzu 3-5, ngemva kwalokho amamitha lokuqala 200 Dlula "mnene" isimo semoto sisebenze. Udizili, ngokungafani uphethiloli, ukubanda - sekuqala ukufudumala isikhathi eside. Isikhathi eside idling, futhi, kungadingeki, kodwa indiva ngenhla akudingekile.

negesi esiteshini

Zonke abahlukumeza babangele zethu abampofu fuel izinga Bathi phezu amagalaji Russian ungenalo fuel evamile udizili. Lena sibi. Omunye umthetho elula: ifake uphethiloli imoto uphethiloli ezibizayo kaphethiloli ezaziwayo. Wonke umuntu ufuna ukubeka imali ngokuyeka isikhokhelo ukuthenga uphethiloli at amaphesenti 10-15 ezishibhile value emakethe, ngokoqobo Ukurhemisa kulayini. Nokho, ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa, kanye nokulungiswa fuel, baqale ukubeka ngokwabo, futhi refueling. Eqinisweni-ke, kodwa akekho emandleni akusho ukushayela. Wena njalo banelungelo lokuzikhethela. Khumbula into main - ungoqo okhokhela kabili.

Kanjani ukunweba ukuphila uphethiloli futha?

Njengoba sishilo phambilini, lokhu ingenye izingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu ohlelweni nophethiloli.

Ngokwezinga ophezulu futha ngeke isikhathi eside futhi ukwehluleka kohlelo kukawoyela injini diesel ushiye ukhathale, udinga:

• Ungashiyi ethangini ebusuku "uhhafu ezingenalutho." Ngakho ukufingqa, okuyinto ke lingena singene Imibhobho esemzimbeni futhi futha on imishini yayo.
• Ngezikhathi sokukhipha kodaka ngokusebenzisa i-plug abakhwabanisi.
• Ungahambi ku i tank lingenamuntu futhi ngokuqhubekayo evutha isibani.

isiphetho

Ngakho, sathola emaphutheni main udizili. Ngokulandela lokhu imithetho elula, ngeke kakhulu ukunweba ukuphila kohlelo futhi kuncishiswe ingozi "yiya ukulungisa."