Ukuhlukahluka kwezesayensi

Ukuthuthukiswa kwesayensi kuhilela ukusebenzisana kwezinqubo eziphikisanayo - ukuhlanganiswa nokuhlukaniswa. Ukuhlanganiswa yiyona nyunyana yolwazi. Ukuhlukahluka kwezesayensi kukwabiwa kweziyalo ezintsha.

Esigabeni ngasinye sokuthuthukiswa, lokhu noma leyo nqubo iqhubeka. Ukuhlukaniswa kwesayensi kwakuyisici esithile esiteji sokubunjwa, ukuzalwa kolwazi. Namuhla, inqubo yokuhlanganiswa ikhona.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwezesayensi, ukuguqulwa kwamanye "amacebo" kolwazi eziqondisweni ezizimele, ezihlukene, kwaqala kakade ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-16 nele-17. Ngaleso sikhathi, ifilosofi, eyayiyilwazi olulodwa ngaphambili, yaqala ukuhlukanisa ngezigaba ezimbili. Ngakho, ifilosofi nesayensi zakhiwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, lo wesifazane wayemelela uhlelo oluthile lwolwazi, isikhungo senhlalo, kanye nemfundo engokomoya. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuhlukaniswa kwezesayensi kwenzeka ngefilosofi. Ngakho-ke, ama-dialectics, ukuziphatha, i-ontology nezinye izikhombisi-ndlela zakha. Ulwazi lwezesayensi lwaluhlukaniswe ngo-sciences oluhlukene, okwathi futhi, lwahlukaniswa ukuba luqondiswe. Ngaphakathi kwalesi simiso, okubaluleke kakhulu kwakuyi-mechanics ye-"Newtonian", ehambisana kakhulu nezibalo kusukela ekuqaleni kokukhona kwayo.

Esikhathini esilandelayo, ukuhlukaniswa kwezesayensi kwaqhubeka kukhula. Le nqubo ibangelwa izidingo zokukhiqizwa nezidingo zangaphakathi zokwakhiwa kolwazi lomphakathi. Ngenxa yalokho, isayensi yemingcele yaqala ukuthuthukisa ngenkuthalo.

Ngemuva kwezazi zezinto eziphilayo, zijule ekuhloleni kwabaphilayo, zaqaphela ukuthi ekuguqulweni kwamaselula okubaluleke kakhulu yizinqubo zamakhemikhali, zaqala ngokucwaninga ngokujulile kwalezi zinqubo. Ngakho kwakukhona i-biochemistry. Isidingo sokutadisha izinqubo zomzimba ezakhiweni senza ukuthi kuthuthukiswe i-biophysics. Ngokufanayo, i-physics yamakhemikhali, imithi yamakhemikhali, i-geochemistry, nezinye izindlela. Kwavela izigwegwe emngceleni wezesayensi ezintathu. Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, i-biogeochemistry yakhiwa.

Ukunikezwa kweziyalo ezintsha kungumphumela wemvelo wenkinga enkulu futhi ukwandisa emtheni wolwazi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuhlukaniswa kanye nokwaziswa kwabasebenzi, ukuhlukaniswa kokuqeqeshwa , kuvela ngokungazelelwe. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukuhlukaniswa komsebenzi wesayensi kunezici ezimbili ezihle nezibi. Umzuzu omuhle kungenzeka ukuthi uphenyo olujulile lwezimo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhiqizwa komsebenzi ososayensi nakho kwanda. Isici esingalungile ukugxilwa kwama-horizons wesayensi.

Kanye nenqubo yokwabiwa kweziyalo ezintsha, kwakukhona ukungena ngaphakathi, ukubumbana kweziqondiso. Ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa, imingcele ethile yolwazi isuliwe, futhi izindlela eziningi ziye zahlanganiswa. Njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla, inqubo yokuhlanganiswa iyisici esithile sesayensi yesimanje, lapho amagatsha ajwayelekile ajwayelekile ezesayensi ethuthuka khona. Zihlanganisa, ikakhulukazi, i-synergetics, i-cybernetics nabanye.

Ngakho-ke, ukuthuthukiswa kwesayensi, kuyindlela yokuxhumana. Kulokuhlukaniswa kwezinye iziyalo kuhambisane nokuhlanganiswa kwabanye, kukhona ukufakwa kwezinkomba ezihlukahlukene, ukuxhumana kwemibono kanye nezindlela ezehlukene zokuqashelwa kwezwe.

Namuhla, ukuhlanganiswa kwesayensi kuyaqhubeka kwanda. Lokhu ikakhulukazi ngenxa yesidingo sokuxazulula izinkinga ezihlukahlukene zomhlaba wonke , ezikhungethwe izidingo ezingokoqobo. Isibonelo, umsebenzi obunzima kakhulu wokuhlola isikhala sangaphandle kubangele isidingo sokuhlanganisa imizamo yabososayensi ngezidingo ezihlukahlukene. Ukuxazulula izinkinga zemvelo eziphuthumayo, ukuxhumana okusheshayo phakathi kwabantu kanye nesayensi yemvelo kuyadingeka, futhi ukuhlanganiswa kwezindlela nemibono eyakhiwe nabo kubalulekile.