Ukuhlaziywa nokufingqa: "I-Antigone"

Namuhla, isihloko se-athikili yethu sizoba yinhlekelele yasendulo, noma kunalokho ukuhlaziywa nokufingqa kwayo. "Antigone" - umdlalo ngumdlali wezemidlalo waseGrithani uSophocles, owaboleka umqondo wesakhiwo kusukela kumjikelezo weTheban.

Isibikezelo

Isimo somsebenzi yiThebes yasendulo. Noma kunjalo, kufanele ubhekisele kwisandulela ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukusho isifinyeto. "I-Antigone", njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla, yakhiwe esakhiweni semfundiso yasendulo. Kodwa lena akuyona yedwa umsebenzi womlobi ngesisekelo sezinganekwane. Kungashiwo ukuthi umbhali wezokudlala wabhala umjikelezo wonke ozinikele kulezi zindaba. Futhi "i-Antigone" akuwona umsebenzi wokuqala kuwo. Yingakho sidinga isizinda esifushane salokho okwenzekile ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokuqala kwenhlekelele yethu.

Lo mjikelezo ulandisa indaba yeTheban inkosi u-Oedipus. Wayengumuntu ohlangene nokuhlakanipha, isono nokufa. Wabhekana nokuhlupheka okukhulu - yena, ngokungazi, wabulala uyise, wabe eseshada nomfelokazi wakhe, okungukuthi, unina. Lapho ezwa ngalokhu, wazijezisa, wajezisa amehlo akhe, ukuze angaboni izwe elizungezile, njengoba nje engaboni icala lakhe.

Lezi zenzakalo zichaza enye inhlekelele yamaSophocles. "I-Antigone," isifinyeto esifushane esizokwethula ngezansi, sibhekisela ezenzakalweni ezenzeka ngemva kokuba u-Oedipus athethelelwe onkulunkulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-heroine eyinhloko yomlando wethu yindodakazi yenyunyana yesono sika-Oedipus nonina. Futhi i-Antigone yayinebafowabo ababili - uPolinik no-Eteokl, kanye nodadewabo - Ismena. Ngemva kokufa kukayise, u-Eteokl uba yinkosi, kodwa iPolgonik ivukela igunya lakhe. Umphumela wale mpi yezempi ukufa kwabazalwane bobabili.

Kusukela kulo mzuzu izenzakalo ezichazwe enhlekeleleni yethu ziqala.

Ama-Sophocles Antigone: isifinyeto

Ngemva kokufa kukaPolynic no-Eteocles, uCreon, owayengumeluleki ka-Oedipus nomfowabo womkakhe, wathatha igunya likaThebes. Ngomthetho wokuqala, imiyalo entsha yombusi, nayo yonke inhlonipho, yokungcwaba inkosi ehloniphekile ye-Eteocles, noPolina, owavukela ukumelana naye, ukuphonsa izinkukhu nezinja ngesihawu sakhe, ngoba wahola impi ezweni lakubo. Lokhu kwakuyisijeziso esibi kakhulu, njengoba kwakucatshangwa ukuthi umphefumulo wabangenasibindi uzobhujiswa kuze kube phakade futhi ngeke ukwazi ukungena emva kokufa. Kwakucatshangwa ukuthi akufanelekile ukuphindiselela kwabafileyo, isenzo esinjalo sichaza abantu futhi asifaneleki onkulunkulu.

Noma kunjalo, uCreon akazange acabange ngonkulunkulu hhayi ngabantu. Wayekhathazeka kakhulu ngokugcinwa kwamandla atholakele nokuchuma kombuso wakhe omusha.

Antigone

Siyaqhubeka ukuchaza isifinyeto. Antigone - indodakazi ka-Oedipus, ngokungafani noCreon, wacabanga ngenhlonipho, nangabankulunkulu, nangabantu. UPolynik wayengumfowabo, njengo-Eteokl, ngakho umsebenzi wakhe kwakuwukuba anakekele umzimba wakhe nomphefumulo wakhe. Futhi ngenxa yalokhu ulungele ukungalaleli umyalo wenkosi.

I-Antigone ibiza ama-Ismen. Kodwa lo dade akavumelani nokulwa nombuso, ngoba uyintombazane enobuthakathaka. Khona-ke i-Antigone inquma ukwenza yedwa. Kulesi senzakalo, uSophocles ubonisa amandla, isibindi nokuthembeka kubonkulunkulu, okufaka kuye i-Antigone esesibindi kodwa esesibindi.

Isishwankathelo sichaza ukubukeka kwe-chorus yabadala baseTheban, okuzwakalayo ukuzwakala izwi labo - manje iThebes igcinwa, umbuso awuyikuhlukunyezwa onkulunkulu abathukuthele. I-Creon iphuma ukuyohlangana nabadala, abamemezela isinqumo sakhe: ukumbamba iqhawe, nokuletha isihlambalaza. Uma umuntu ephula umthetho, ukufa kuzomlinda.

Kuleli qophelo, umlindi uvela, ubika ukuthi lesi simiso siphuliwe nje. Izinceku zazingenaso isikhathi, isidumbu safafazwa umhlaba.

Intukuthelo yeCreon

Ngeke njalo uhlole ngokucacile izenzo zezinqhawe zabo uSophocles. "I-Antigone" (isifinyeto sitholwa okwamanje) kuyinhlekelele yobudala egcwele imibhalo ye-choral emlandweni. Ngakho-ke, lapho uKreon ecasulayo efuna ukuthola isigebengu, i-choir ihlabelela. Le ngoma ithi ngomuntu onamandla, owathi, uma enqobile izwe nolwandle, angahlolwa kuphela ngesilinganiso esisodwa: "Noma ubani ohlonipha iqiniso ulungile; Ubani owawela emgodini - kuyingozi. " Futhi akucaci - i-chorus ihlabelela ngesigebengu noma i-tsar.

Umlindi uhola isiboshwa ku-Antigone. Intombazane ivuma izenzo zakhe futhi ayiphenduki nhlobo, ikholelwa ukuthi iqiniso liyilokho. Ubonakala u-Ismena, unecala, kodwa ulungele ukwabelana ngesiphetho sodadewabo. I-Creon iyala ukuyivala kokubili.

Isigwebo

Kunzima uKreon ukukhipha isinqumo ngokufa, okuvezwe kahle ngesifinyeto esifushane. Antigone akuyona nje umshana wakhe, kodwa futhi umakoti indodana yakhe, inkosi esizayo Thebes. Ngakho-ke, ubiza isikhulu sakhe futhi ukhuluma ngokuphulwa. Kodwa-ke, indodana ifuna izinto - uma i-Antigone ingalungile, kungani umuzi wonke uzwelana naye futhi ukhononda ngesihluku senkosi entsha. Kodwa-ke, i-Creon inzima - le ntombazane izokhulelwa etilongweni. Kule nkosi isikhulu siphendula ukuthi uyise ngeke aphinde ambone.

Ukwenziwa

Ukulungiselela ukukhishwa kuka-Antigonus. Isishwankathelo sezahluko sitshela isimo esibuhlungu sentombazana. Ushiyiwe, impilo yakhe iphelile, kodwa akazisoli lutho. Ukukhala kwentombazane kukhuluma ngoma ingoma ye-choir, ekhuluma ngamandla omsebenzi wakhe onobubele, okuzokhunjulwa kuyo. I-Antigone igcwalise umthetho we-Nkulunkulu, ukunganaki umthetho wabantu - ngenxa yalokhu inkazimulo yakhe. Kodwa-ke, intombazana iyabuza ukuthi kungani kufanele ife uma yenza konke okulungile, kodwa ayitholi impendulo. Amazwi akhe okugcina aqondiswe kubonkulunkulu, mawahlulele. Uma unecala, u-Antigone uzokwamukela isijeziso sakhe futhi amkhulule. Uma inkosi ingalungile, umvuzo uyamlinda.

Umqaphi uthatha i-Antigone ekubulaweni.

Inkantolo Yamakhosi

I-Antigone efile. I-Sophocles (isifinyeto sezahluko siqinisekisa lokhu) sishiya ngemuva kwesimo sokufa kwe heroine yakhe. Umbukeli akaboni ukuthi intombazane iphilile kanjani, imiphumela yalesi senzakalo ivele phambi kwamehlo akhe.

Isahlulelo sikaNkulunkulu siqala. UTiresias uza enkosini, umprofethi oyimpumputhe futhi oyithandayo onkulunkulu. Ubika ukuthi hhayi nje kuphela abantu abakulungele ukuvukela uKreon, onkulunkulu nabo abajabuli - umlilo awukhanyisi ema-altare, izinyoni eziyisiprofetho zenqaba ukunikeza izimpawu. Nokho, inkosi ayikholelwa kulokhu - umuntu akanalo amandla okungcolisa uNkulunkulu. Lapho u-Theresia ephendula khona - uCreon waphula imithetho yabonkulunkulu: umuntu ofileyo waphonsa angenabuzwa, futhi wazikhiya ephila ethuneni. Ngeke kube khona ukuchuma edolobheni manje, kanti le tsar ngokwakhe iyokhokhela onkulunkulu, elahlekelwe indodana yakhe.

Inkosi ibonisa ngamazwi omuntu oyimpumputhe - uTeresius wake wabikezela ikusasa lika-Oedipus, futhi konke kwenzeka ngokuqondile. I-Creon iduka esinqumweni sakhe. Uyala u-Antigone ukuba akhululwe, futhi umzimba kaPoliknik uzohanjiswa emhlabeni.

I-choir idinga usizo lukaDeonysus unkulunkulu, owazalwa eThebes, ukuze asize izakhamuzi zakanye.

Ukudwengula

Noma kunjalo, sekwephuzile kakhulu ukushintsha noma yini. I-Antigone ifile. Le ntombazane yazibopha ethuneni elingaphansi komhlaba, futhi isikhulu samthinta isidumbu sakhe. Lapho uKreon engena ekhala, indodana yakhe yamhlasela. I-tsar yakwazi ukubuyisela emuva, khona-ke isikhulu sagubha inkemba yakhe esifubeni sakhe.

Indodakazi yenkosikazi, umkaKreon, ilalela ngokuthula ezindabeni zokufa kwendodana yakhe. Lapho indaba iphela, ivela futhi, ngaphandle kokukhuluma igama, ushiya. Umzuzwana kamuva inceku entsha ivela esiteji, ibika izindaba ezimbi - indlovukazi yazibulala, ayikwazi ukubhekana nokufa kwendodana yakhe.

I-Creon ihlala yodwa esiteji, ilalela umndeni wayo futhi ibeka icala ngenxa yalokho okwenzekile. Lo mdlalo uphela ngoma ingoma ye-choir: "Ukuhlakanipha kuwukuhle kakhulu ... Hare isenzo sokuzidla."

Lokhu kuphelisa ukuhlupheka kweSophocles "i-Antigone". Isishwankathelo, kanjalo, sesiphelile, manje siqhubeka sihlaziye ukudlala.

Isithombe se-Antigone

USophocles wanikeza i-heroine izici ezinjalo njengokuzikhandla, ukwethembeka emasikweni asendulo, ukuzinikela emndenini wakhe, isibindi. I-Antigone iqiniseke ngokuphelele ukuthi ohlangothini lwakhe liyiqiniso, futhi lokhu kumnika amandla. Ngakho-ke, akamesabi iNkosi Thebes, ngenxa yamahlombe akhe yiqiniso konkulunkulu, inamandla kakhulu kunegunya lomhlaba.

Intombazane iyazibulala, yaqaphela ukuthi ayinayo enye indlela. Kodwa, njenganoma yimuphi omunye umuntu, kunzima ngaye ukuba ahlukane nokuphila, ikakhulukazi ezincane ezinjalo. Wayengenaso isikhathi sokuba ngumfazi noma umama. Naphezu kwalokhu, amandla okukholelwa kwakhe ngokwakhe akusho amandla. I-heroine iphela, kodwa ihlala isinqobe empikiswaneni neCreon.

Ukungqubuzana okuyinhloko

Lo mdlalo usekelwe ekuphikisweni komthetho wefa lomhlaba, okungekho indawo ebhalwa ngayo, kanye nomthetho wombuso. Izinkolelo zenkolo, ezigxile ekudlulile, ukwethembeka emasikweni kanye nenkumbulo yabokhokho, ziphikisana namandla asemhlabeni aphila isikhathi esifushane. Ngezikhathini zeSophocles, imithetho yomgomo, lapho zonke izakhamizi zaziphoqelelwe ukuba zenze, ivame ukungavumelani nemikhuba yamasiko, okwaholela eningi lezingxabano. Kwakuyiinkinga lapho umdemisi enqume ukulalela futhi abonise ukuthi ingaholela kuphi.

Ngakho-ke, kuphela esivumelwaneni seSophocles nesimo senkolo sabona indlela yokuphuma kwalesimo. "I-Antigone", ngokunciphisa okukhulunywe lapha, isibe uhlobo lwekholi lokuhlanganisa amabutho amabili anamandla, izingxabano eziphakathi kokungaholela ekufeni.