Ukuguqulwa KukaJesu Isimo Monastery, Moore: umlando kanye nezithombe

Kusukela phezulu entabeni lapho isimo Monastery e Murom, kuvula ubuhle waphezulu expanses olungenamkhawulo. Lezi onqenqemeni yeqhawe ngempela khumbula eminingi yabangcwele, kukhanye izwe Russian. Lapha zakhazimulisa uNkulunkulu, umxhasi yasezulwini umndeni uPetru futhi Fevronia, ubizwa ukonga amandla abo iqhawe Ilya Muromets futhi lapha nje uphonse umdala othobekile Serafim Sarovsky. Abantu abaningi khumbula ezweni Murom kanye Isigodlo, kwaba yingxenye ebalulekile yomlando walo.

I ray wokuqala zamukelwa kabanzi ezinkolweni e Murom emazweni

Ukuguqulwa KukaJesu Isimo Monastery e Murom, okuyinto omdala eRussia, yasungulwa ngo-Prince Glebom Vladimirovichem - indodana ka Prince uVladimir owanikhuphula ukuba zikhanyise emhlabeni Russian Lobu-Orthodox. Etholwe 1015 kuyise unala emzini Moore, ogama abakhileyo ngaleso sikhathi namanje bangcwatshwa ebumnyameni zobuqaba, isikhulu abasha wakuthola ukuze kuzuze hhayi nihlale kulo, wamisa igceke labo ngivuka eduze Oka bese ukhetha indawo ngaye phezu emaweni, igcwele obukhulu ihlathi ogwini.

Ezishisekayo, washeshe wayala sokwakha eceleni Knyazhye Terem wakhe wethempeli, futhi lapho phakathi Pines zasendulo kuze log yalo izindonga, hhayi kuphela zakhonza insindiso umphefumulo wakhe, kodwa wonke abeZizwe, oyinkosi kwalokho. Ubhapathizo inkulu ngakho futhi walahlekelwa onqenqemeni ihlathi - kuba kukhathaza futhi kuthatha isikhathi, nokuthi uJehova waphenduka imfundo yakhe isiqalo Murom izwe isisekelo sezindela.

Ubufakazi izikhumbuzo ngesandla emakhulwini eminyaka adlule

Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa on lapho egcotshwa ngubani wasungula isimo Monastery (Moore), okunemininingwane wesandla ezindala kunazo zonke kuzo behlele kithi kusukela ngekhulu XVI. Mayelana umsuka sezindela njengoba ubufakazi nezinye izincwadi zomlando kwekhulu XII lasendulo. Lisitshela ukuthi 1096 eduze izindonga sezindela wabulawa empini isikhulu Oleg nezinye Murom umbusi - Prince Izyaslav Vladimirovich (indodana ka-Vladimir Monomakh).

Ilondolozwe Kahle yesandla yasendulo, futhi inkumbulo kufa omunye zenzisa ngaphezulu Prince Yuriya Izyaslavovicha, owabusa kusukela ngo 1162 by 1174. indawo yakhe yokuphumula, njengoba kufakazelwa le Ipatiev indaba, waba uMsindisi isimo Monastery e Murom, kabani indawo wakhona kanye efakwe entsha insimbi yesonto umbhoshongo lamiswao. On ukuthi ubeyisibenzi rock noma lwamakholi, like esasisandulele, ezakhiwe Prince Gleb - alaziwa. Lathi nje ukuthi umzimba wakhe wangcwatshwa ke.

Ukulandela Ukuhlelwa kwezenzakalo esekhona Umlando, okubhekisele noMsindisi-isimo Monastery (Moore), umlando we ngasekupheleni kwekhulu xv. Likhuluma indaba kanjani 1467 lo Novgorod boyar Fedor Boretsky - indodana edumile likahulumeni Umfazi uMarta, bahola umzabalazo komuzi mahhala Novgorod ngoba ngokuzijamela Grand Duchy of eMoscow, unikwe ukuthatha esigodlweni sezindela izifungo Izigodlo ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi kwakuyisiko ngaleso sikhathi - on the esengozini yokufa, ukuze balahle konke asemhlabeni futhi 'isikhundla eziyizingelosi' ukuba bathuthele kwelinye izwe.

Umuzi baba ekamu lezempi

Phakathi nomkhankaso anqobe inhloko-dolobha Kazan Khanate, kwenziwa Ivanom Groznym, omunye wemizila ebekwe amabutho Russian badabula Moore. Spaso-Preobrazhensky sezindela yayiyindawo kokuhlala kwakhe amasonto amabili, ngesikhathi lapho ezakhiwa izihlenga futhi Struga ngokuba Ukunqamula eMfuleni Oka.

Umlando ukubika ukuthi ngo-July wangalowo nyaka, idolobha olufana ekamu lezempi. ehluliwe ezitaladini ematendeni eziningi izintaba, osenonnye amafulege empi kungabonwa yonke indawo, namaqhawe, wezwa umsindo izikhali. Lapha inkosi wabukela kusukela phezulu ebhange sobunxele, okwakuwuphawu sezindela izingxenye Ukunqamula ngaphesheya koMfula Oka, lapho ihlathi waqala Sakanskie.

isifungo inkosi sika

Ngalezo zinsuku, ibutho Ivana Groznogo futhi agcwaliswa Murom nethimba. Yayisekelwe Kuyinkolelo-ze uthi ukushiya esigodlweni, uMbusi usethembise ukwakha isonto itshe kulo uma uzowanqoba nesitha. Njengoba wazi, lokhu umkhankaso uqediwe ukuyiswa Kazan, futhi 1655 izwi lakhe lamiswao eyodwa, kodwa amasonto amaningana, phakathi eqokomisa uMsindisi Cathedral, okuyiwona umbusi ezinikelwe oluyigugu izinto zesonto, izincwadi, imifanekiso kanye izambatho ocebile.

Naphezu ukulungiswa okuphindaphindiwe, lombhishobhi ezisekhona kuze kube namuhla, futhi ukuwagcina the look wokuqala. Lapho ibona lokho, ngisho shazi ngokudlulisa amehlo kwanele ukuza ukukhumbula uhlaka YaseMoscow Cathedral of kweNyuka, eduze kuze izici zabo yezakhiwo. Lokhu emihlanu oluyingungu, ngakho evamile isitayela eMoscow kwenkathi, futhi okwakhiwe we mbumbulu zinesizotha futhi esiqinile, ngezabelo laconic kuzo zombili lezi zakhiwo, ukudala umbono nokuqina ngobulula ezinzima.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi uMsindisi isimo Monastery e Murom ukweleta Ivanu Groznomu eya ekuchumeni kwayo kwezomnotho. UMbusi wabhala nobunikazi yakhe izigodi eziningi - izigodi nezigqila, owaba impahla yakhe. Umsebenzi wabo abalimi ukusindisa umfowabo kusukela okhathazeke ngenhlalakahle isinkwa nsuku zonke, ukuvumela kwakhe ukuba bazifake endaweni migilingwane kusindiswa umphefumulo.

Foray ku nezigebengu angaphandle

Kwelinye umlando yangekhulu ngonyaka 1637, kukhona amarekhodi ukuthi Ngo-1616, okusho ekuqaleni wokubusa Mikhail Fedorovich - inkosi yokuqala Indlu Romanov, Lithuanian elihlomile aholwa Aleksandra Lisovskogo wathatha Moore. Spaso-Preobrazhensky Monastery, owasinda kuqhathaniswa bathinteka we Isikhathi Nezinkinga, waba baphanga kulezi zinsuku, futhi okwenzeka ezakhamuzini, abase bamelana isitha abulawe. Igama umholi we lamabutho empi shi ngokuphindaphindiwe aphanga yizakhamuzi, wehlela emlandweni futhi usuphenduke into efanayo ubudlova futhi kobushiqela.

ajezise yokungalaleli

Bright egcwele ekhasini okukhulu emlandweni Isigodlo babe nezenzakalo ezalandela ngenxa yezinguquko isonto Kwasetshenziswa by uMbhishobhi Omkhulu Nikon. Kuyaziwa ukuthi phakathi emisha eyenziwa yibo kuye kwaba nezinguquko eziphawulekayo ngendlela yokukhulekela, isingeniso ukusetshenziswa esanda kuhunyushwa ethi kusukela izincwadi esontweni ngesiGreki, esikhundleni dvuperstiya yangaphambili uphawu lwesiphambano ku troeperstie nokuningi.

Lokhu kuhlelwa kabusha, okunengqondo empeleni yayo, kodwa wanyuselwa onamawala futhi egula, kwaqubula imibhikisho phakathi izingxenye ezibanzi zomphakathi kanye ombangela uqhekeko ebandleni, imiphumela zazo wazizwa kuze kube yilolu suku. Ngokusho zemihla zomlando, ngalezo zinsuku omunye bezindonga zezivikelo we Amakholwa Old waba uMsindisi-isimo Monastery (Moore).

Archimandrite yakhe Anthony lalilokhu licela hhayi kuphela wabaholela ukuthatha, kodwa izakhamuzi zedolobha nokuncenga e owawugweba izinguquko kuphula evamile, ukuze iqhubeke ithola eminyaka okuphila isonto. Ikakhulukazi ukugxekwa imfuneko ukuze abhapathizwe ngeminwe amathathu. Waze wathumela incwadi Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, okuyinto imininingwane amaphuzu bachazela zonke izimangalo maqondana kabusha.

Ngakho inkanuko mayelana abanyathela Rada, ngokombono wakhe, lo ukuzishaya lasendulo, umfundisi engafiki futhi acabangele into eyodwa ebaluleke kakhulu - izinguquko awuzange kuphela evunywe yinkosi, kodwa futhi wenziwa khona ngaphansi ukusekelwa yakhe siqu. Ngakho-ke, ubukela phansi ke, yena, waqhubeka ehamba edelela intando yobukhosi, futhi yini izikhathi eRussia ke kodwa bangalimali?

Okuthile ngabe ukuthi ulindele. Ngo-1662, stroptivets lasuswa kusukela ukuphathwa Isigodlo, futhi kamuva isikhathi esithile wabizelwa eMoscow, nalapho icala lakhe lihlehlisiwe asebenzelana ngayo imiBhalo ngenkathi UMkhandlu weNdawo. Ingabe ukumsiza, balethwe esidlangalaleni ukuphenduka noma amasevisi wangaphambili lamadlelo. Ngoba ukufutheka futhi abathanda ifilosofi, yena waba bancishwa kwesithunzi, njengoba indela elula, wathumela ngokulalela senze ekude futhi Isigodlo abampofu, lapho afike achitha khona iminyaka esele yokuphila kwakhe.

emashumini Okwalandela emphilweni Isigodlo

nomusa kakhulu empilweni kwezomnotho we sezindela kwaba eyishumi yokugcina yekhulu XVII. Lokhu kwenzeke sibonga esivulekile, lo wethula ngokuphindaphindiwe igadle kwezwakala nasezimalini yakhe, Metropolitan Varsonofy - kwakungokwelambu umndeni endala abahwebi abacebile Chertkovs Murom. bounty yakhe lamiswao a wesigodlo itshe futhi kabusha kwakudingeka kulungiswe Pokrovsky ethempelini.

wokubusa uPetru mina bagcwala izenzakalo ezithile eziqavile, okuyinto langena umlando yesigodlo. Okuwukuphela emisha ebalulekile phakathi nalesi sikhathi kwaba ukutholakala ku insimu yalo kuphela esikhungweni semfundo - esikoleni, lapho izingane wabapristi ababeqeqeshwe. Yize inani labafundi kwaba ezincane, kuba sokunconywa sobala, njengoba waba isikhungo sokuqala kokukwazi kule ndawo enkulukazi.

Ubunzima ngesikhathi Catherine

nobunzima obuningi wathwala Spaso-Preobrazhensky Monastery (Moore) phakathi nokubusa uCatherine II. lalichumile kwezomnotho kabi nezilima Inqubomgomo salo inkolo, okungukuthi, ukuhoxiswa efeni labantwana emazweni lezindela, avame Umthombo oyinhloko wemali abanikazi babo. Zibancishe ngokuchuma kwakhe phakathi nesikhathi Ivana Groznogo Holdings, Isigodlo aqala ukuncipha.

Isimo kwakunzima ngenxa yezinkinga iqiniso lokuthi ngesinqumo somthetho, ufikile kusukela Petersburg ngo-1765, uyekwa etholakala eduze Borisoglebskaya sezindela besilisa nezakhamuzi zawo iyiswe Spaso-Preobrazhensky Monastery (Murom). Imali etholakala lokhu Yebo, uye ukhulise, kuyilapho inani labantu okufanele bondliwe liye lenyuka. izindela Nkulunkulu onothando kwadingeka ukoma amabhande abo eduze nakakhulu cassocks yabo.

Isithonjana izimangaliso zokusebenza Athos

test strip, pha izindela sesikhundleni sokuziphakamisa kwabo wangaphambili, waqhubeka kwaze kwaba yoma kwekhulu leminyaka elalandela, lapho wesigodlo waqokwa Archimandrite Anthony (Ilyin). Catching umnotho usesimweni esibi kakhulu, lokhu ezingeni lelisetulu, kodvwa esiwusizo kakhulu, umfundisi wabe ngokuthi waqhubeka waya oNgcwele Mount Athos, khona ukucela usizo kusukela amandla wasezulwini.

Imithandazo yakhe yaphendulwa, futhi ngaphambi kokuba eze emuva se eziyisimangaliso uNina kaNkulunkulu "Quick Mawuzwe", okuyinto ngokushesha ukhangwa izixuku zabakhulekeli futhi uye walungiselela inflow kwezimali endaweni yengcebo sezindela. Ngenxa yalokhu, kule minyaka embalwa ezayo sakwazi ukwenza isiqiniseko ungenise ifomu efanele bonke sesibolile ngesikhathi izakhiwo sezindela.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngo-1892 eduze udonga aseningizimu sezindela kwakhiwa isakhiwo esinezitezi ezintathu isitini, okuyinto kwaku amaseli anobuhlobo, wakha elinye isonto ngo-1907, kulokhu yokudumisa ukholo Chersonesus. Kwakuwusuku isakhiwo zokugcina ungenelwe yesigodlo. Sisondela ngokungenakuvinjelwa esondela inhlekelele, wawa phansi othulini zombuso omkhulu, futhi sekungamashumi amaningi eminyaka agqashule ekusebenzelaneni nabantu Russian izimpande zayo ezingokomoya.

Ngaphansi kwejoka neziphathimandla abangamhloniphi uNkulunkulu

Ngokushesha ngemva abaqaphele Ukuketulwa état ngo-1917, isimo Monastery (Moore), ogama ikheli kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke phathelana okhonjiswe igama I. wamavukelambuso N. Lukina, savalwa. Isizathu salokho kwaba ingxenye yakhe Abbot Bishop Mitrofan (Zagorski) nokuvukela anti-kwamaBolshevik, baqhumuka Murom ngoJulayi 1918 futhi ihlelwe iWhite Guard ngomshoshaphansi. Nokho, kwakunjalo isimo Cathedral aqhubeka njengesithiyo kukuliphi isonto iminyaka emibili. Yahlala ovulekile futhi emathuneni Isigodlo, lapho nemingcwabo Kwakuseshwa nezakhamuzi.

Esikhathini eko, kwaba umbuzo ukudluliswa izakhiwo Isigodlo engaphansi kwe Murom Museum lwazi lendawo, kodwa ngaphambi kokuphela kweminyaka eyishumi, bathola iyunithi wezempi, futhi izakhiwo eziningana matasa idolobha NKVD. Shrine Spaso- (Moore) kuthiwa ngokwengxenye idluliselwe amaqoqo Museum, kodwa iningi lazo nje acekelwe phansi noma babamba inkunzi.

Ukubuya Isigodlo (noma kunalokho, amanxiwa alo) esifubeni esontweni

Inqubo yokubuyisela kholwa waqala impahla yokhokho babo ngo-1990, lapho abameleli iqembu isinyathelo usethe emzini, aqondiswa nencwadi evulekile ubuholi esigungu nge isicelo sokudlulisela uMsindisi-isimo Monastery (Moore), ogama ikheli: Str. Lakin, 1 futhi, in the ifa umphakathi asanda kusungulwa zenkolo. Umsebenzi wabo sasekelwa academician D. S. Lihachovym, sifune usizo nabaholi abaphezulu isonto.

Ukunqoba kobunzima endleleni, kwathatha cishe emihlanu edlule, kodwa ekugcineni lungaphansi iyunithi sezindela ezempi yayiswa endaweni entsha ukukhulula zonke izakhiwo lokusinda. Khona-ke umbusi uvuselela indlu yezindela baba indela Kirill (Epifanov).

Ngo Umlando wakhe, ukucinga indikimba yendaba, ukunikeza kuye nge ukuvakasha lokuqala Isigodlo, wawucindezela ngempela. Ekamu, washiya ebusosheni, abangu isigamu ibhujisiwe, futhi ngokwakha amathempeli zaphucwa hhayi kuphela we domes, kodwa ngisho ophahleni. Njengoba sazi ukuthi imali kwakungekho yokutakula kungenziwa emelelwa ewonke yinkimbinkimbi letibukene umbusi.

A sezindela yesibili wasinda ukuthi isithonjana efanayo UnguNina KaNkulunkulu "Quick Mawuzwe", ulethwe kanye kusukela eNtabeni Athos Archimandrite Anthony futhi ngokuyisimangaliso savuka lapho impahla yakhe inhlalakahle. Futhi nakuba ngalesi sikhathi yayibizwa akafinyelelanga eGreece, kodwa amaqoqo Museum wendawo, elalihlala iminyaka eminingi, isimangaliso liphindwe ngokunemba okukhulu - Wafinyelela isixuku futhi pilgrim kanye nabo ayekade wasukuma ukuphuma nokungena kwezimali ukuthi bahluleka ukugqamisa ukubuyiselwa edolobheni ethempelaneni Moore.

Ukuguqulwa KukaJesu Isimo Monastery esikhathini kusuka 2000 kuya ku-2009, futhi wathola ukwesekwa okukhulu kwezimali kusukela Audit Chamber of the Russian Federation, okwasiza ukuqeda yonke lohleliwe umsebenzi wokuvuselela izakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Namuhla-ke ibuyiselwe kuzo zonke ifomu yayo yasekuqaleni futhi ukubaluleka asanda kuluthola ka omunye izikhungo engokwenkolo obaluleke kakhulu eRussia.

Spaso-Preobrazhensky Monastery (Moore): Ikheli namalungiselelo travel

Okwamanje umsebenzi omkhulu futhi enesibopho. Kabusha ngemva kwamashumi eminyaka nokonakala ngokomoya ezazikhona kuleli zwe, isimo Monastery (Moore), isithombe ongawabona kulesi sihloko, edonsela hhayi kuphela amakholwa, nakanjani kuye, okokuqala kunakho konke, ukukhulekela izindawo ezingcwele, kodwa futhi labo, ngaphandle baziveze nenkolo, kuba nesithakazelo esikhathini esidlule wezwe lakithi.

Ngoba bonke, yebo, kuba eziyinkimbinkimbi sezakhiwo mlando. Siqukethe izindawo ezinhlanu, main okuyinto Cathedral, elakhiwa ngo-1552 ngeminikelo, okuyinto eye wenza Ivan Grozny ngoNgcwele isimo Monastery e Murom. Luhlelo yamasevisi Waphezulu, waqala-ke emva kokuphothulwa umsebenzi, ngobubanzi kuhambisana nesimiso kwetinhlelo kuwo onkhe Orthodox yezwe. Phakathi nezinsuku ekuseni beqala at 8:00 am futhi kusihlwa 17:30. Ngamaholide futhi ngamaSonto kubo ezicela Inkonzo ngasekupheleni 10:00.

On umlando Isigodlo nakho koke okwenzakeleko eminyaka amaningi e nezindonga zayo, singafunda izindaba iziqondiso afanelekayo kokuqhuba izinkambo lapho. Labo uzohilelani ukuthanda inkolo Isigodlo, ukuhamba, sicela uthintane: Moore, engcwele Centre of oNgcwele isimo Monastery. Yena kungaxhunywana ngokusebenzisa Isigodlo okuqondene website. Abafisa ukuhlela uhambo lwabo futhi elinde kule Isigodlo, sise ul. Lukin, 1.

engcwele Izigodlo

Esikhathini seMonastery (uMurom) soMsindisi-Transfiguration , ogama lakhe lihlanganisa amakamelo ajwayelekile avamile kwamadoda nabesifazane, kanye nokuhlukanisa imindeni, amaqembu amaningi abahamba ngezinyawo aqoqa njalo ngonyaka. Futhi lokhu kungokwemvelo, kunikezwe ukubaluleka kwamathempeli agcinwe ngaphakathi kwezindonga zezindela.

Ngaphezu kwesithonjana sikaMama kaNkulunkulu "Skoroposlushnitsy", esasikhulume kakade kulesi sihloko, bonke abafika banethuba lokukhothala omunye wezithombe ezihlonishwa kakhulu kuMonk Seraphim waseSarov ongcwele. Lalotshelwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule ngemuva kokudonswa kwakhe ngodadewabo eDiveevo izindlu ezisekelwe nguye futhi ugcine inhlayiya yezinhlamvu ezingcwele zomdala. Ngo-2006, kulezi zinsuku zanezelwa ngesidumbu sesiliva nezinhlamvu zikaSt. Ilya waseMurom, owaba yisiqhumane sabantu abadumile - i-hero of legends kanye nama-epic. Futhi wonke umlando wezindwendwe uqondwa njengengoma emangalisayo ye-boyan yesiprofetho, yavuselelwa futhi yabonakala ezinsukwini zethu.