Ukudala kanye biography of Edvard Munch. umculi Norwegian Edvard Munch

Namuhla sikhuluma komdwebi Norwegian nomculi ingcaca, ubuciko umhlaziyi kanye yaseshashalazini umculi Edvard Munch. He kubhekwa kuvakashe ummeleli wendlunkulu expressionism, futhi ngomunye wabokuqala. Umsebenzi wakhe kunethonya elikhulu ku besikhathi sakhe kuze kube yilolu suku. imidwebo yakhe igcwele izindikimba nesizungu futhi ukufa, kanye ukoma ukuphila. Lo muntu wadala eliyingqayizivele izithombe obumangalisayo ukuthi nje imisiwe umbukeli ku ezweni eziyinqaba, esesabekayo. E. Munch - ithalenta kweqiniso futhi master of izikebhe wakhe. Yena zaveza kuphela lapho imizwa nemizwelo abazibamba yena: ngoba Abadali yangempela ukudala yobuciko ukuthi isimo.

ebuntwaneni

Umculi Edvard Munch, ogama usuku lokuzalwa ewela 1863, wazalelwa emkhayeni omkhulu. Uyise, Christian, engudokotela lempi. Ngo Munch ayenakho udade osekhulile, Johanna Sofia, uMfoweth 'u-Andreas, kwaboshwa nodade ababili futhi abasebasha, Laura no-Inger. Umndeni wawuhlala ngesizotha ngokwanele, ungakwazi ukusho okungenani kakhulu ngisho. Kodwa Munch zazifunde nabantu cultured, ngakho wakhuthazelela isimo sawo sesikhashana. izimpande zabo kwamasiko ziziphilela ezijulile: isihlobo ezikude umdwebi odumile kwaba Neoclassicist, umfundi ka-Jacques-Lui Davida. Ubaba Kristiana Munka wayengumshumayeli wokulunga, abantu abaningi bazi nabathandwayo, nomfowabo, uPetru Andreas Munch - mlando ezinkulu.

Kuyo esengumntwana umndeni Edward washukumisa bengonozulane. Lokhu kwakubangelwa inkonzo kababa izikweletu, kanye ngenxa yokuthi ukuthi kunokushoda kwezimali ophoqelelwe umndeni njalo ukubheka izindlu eshibhile. Ngokuvamile, umkhaya wawuba ngo Christiania, Norway (manje eyi-Oslo). Biography Edvarda Munka ebuntwaneni has amnyama: iminyaka engu-5 ubudala, walahlekelwa kanina, owayesebenzisa ebulawa isifo sofuba. Futhi ncamashi 10 eminyakeni kusukela isifo esifanayo kokushona kukadadewethu umdala uSophie. Ngo Umlando wakhe, E. Munch wathi ukuthi uyise wayengumGreki sihlale sisihle, kodwa ethile enkulu yayiwukuthi inkolo yakhe, okuyinto sekudlule yonke imingcele ingqondo. Little Edward ngokuvamile bahlushwa kakhulu emibonweni nokwesabekayo esihogweni, ngenxa yalokhu, futhi waqhubeka ekhula ehlala ingane ngempela okuphazamisayo. izihlobo Okuningi wakhumbula kamuva ukuthi ithalente umdwebo esengumfana esemncane kakhulu.

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, wafa sofuba udadewabo Edward, uSophie. Kwaba elinye igalelo kuye, ngoba ayeseduze kakhulu. Abacwaningi abaningi ekuphileni futhi umsebenzi umdwebi kuthiwa ukuthi waba unyaka wenguquko wokukhungatheka enkolweni. Sam umculi Norwegian Edvard Munch wakhumbula ukuthi ngalolo suku ubaba restlessly emhlabeni ikamelo, izandla zakhe eligoqiwe emthandazweni, kodwa ubengeke enze lutho ukusiza intombazane abampofu. Esikhathini esizayo, lezi zinkumbulo babe ngesisekelo Umdwebo "Le ntombazane ogulayo."

ekubeni

Biography Edvard Munch uyaqhubeka iminyaka kumiswa. Wangena Technical College, lapho kakhulu ukutadisha wesayensi ngqo. Man ngokuvamile ogulayo, kodwa uzama hhayi ukuba aphuthelwe izifundo. Ngokushesha, le nsizwa kuthatha isinqumo ezimele ukushiya ekolishi ukuba abe umculi. Ngo-1881 ngesikhathi engena Royal Umdwebo School Christiania. umeluleki wakhe uba umculi semvelo Christian Krogh. Ngokushesha wethulwa insizwa nge Bohemians wedolobha. Ngenxa Christian Krog, Edward ihlangana anarchist umbhali Hans Jaeger. Bayithola ngokushesha ulimi langempela, futhi Munch ngokuvamile siyaba naso ithonya eyayisenhliziyweni yale ndoda. Ngo-1883 kwaba khona DEBUT umphakathi Edward - Waletha isithombe "Isifundo ekhanda." Ekupheleni konyaka olandelayo wathola umfundaze, okuyinto waya eFrance. Ngo-1886, Munch ethulwa ngokudweba "Sick Girl", a baxgeki balisebenzisa omubi kakhulu. Ukwenqabela udidekile Munch, futhi okulandelayo imidwebo lakhe ibingamashumi olandelanayo.

Paris

imidwebo Munch namanje iqhaza kulo mbukiso. Futhi umculi makazivumele yena ngemva sekhefu elifushane eFrance. Kube khona emakilasini angu Léon Bonnat, waya embukisweni. Yena bazama izitayela eziningi kwezobuciko, iningi impressionism ngokuvamile wazama futhi pointillism. ngokushesha Edward uthola mayelana ukufa kukayise, futhi izindaba amshaya a Whack. Akanaso isikhathi komngcwabo, futhi iwela ukucindezeleka isikhathi eside. Edvard Munch, omsebenzi wakhe nezikhathi yokujama tsi, waphuma ukucindezeleka kanye kwenza omunye ezidumile kunazo - ". Ebusuku e St Cloud"

"Frieze of Life"

Ngo-1890 Umlando Edvarda Munka kancane esithe ukuba lula: e Christiania, embukisweni we imidwebo yakhe, lapho uthola impendulo enobungane. Ngokushesha wayezomvusa aphumule Nice, futhi ubona lapha esithombeni Van goga futhi Gauguin, okuyinto kamuva ngeke isigqoko. Ngalesi sikhathi ekugcineni kwakhiwa isitayela Munch - Imigqa ehlanzekile izigcawu ukufanekisa ngezimpawu kanye namanye izimo ezilula. Ngemva kokubuyela e-Norway, wabhala Umdwebo "Melancholy" futhi "Frieze of Life". edumile "zikhala" maduze avuke yesehlakalo zokugcina. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, ehlangana A. Norman, ngubani ajabulela ne lokusungula Edward. abavikela Rich wanelisa Munch solo nemibukiso Berlin. I yobuciko eziningi wokubuyekezwa okuvumelekile, okokuqala azizwa lokhu ukuqashelwa. Ngalesi sikhathi Munch iboshelwe wathandana Norwegian abacebile, engesiyo ngalutho ngaphandle ukuhlukumezeka.

isifo

Ngenxa ezinzwa Romana Munk iqala ukuzizwa okungalungile, kodwa onganikeli ukubaluleka okukhulu. Ngokushesha wakuhlanganisa ebudlelwaneni bothando nomunye umuntu oyedwa ne cellist. Kodwa kule noveli iphela ukuhlukana kwabo nzima kusuka ukuziphatha ongavamile Munch. Useqala ngokuya ukukhombisa ubudlova futhi bangathenjwa. Abantu abaningi phawula ukuthi Edward iba enobudlova futhi ecela impikiswano. Ngo-1908-ke wafakwa esibhedlela sabagula ngengqondo e-Copenhagen kwathiwa unesifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Uhlala khona izinyanga eziyisithupha, imatasa umsebenzi wokudala.

kweminyaka

Edvard Munch, amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo lapho aziziningi kangako, usengakwazi ngikutshele okuthize. Ngakho, ngokuvamile bahlushwa izinkinga zokungapheleli ukuhhema, ayeluchaze encwadini yakhe yezenzakalo zosuku. Futhi kunenkolelo ukuthi wayesaba abesifazane zibomvu. Eminyakeni yamuva, uyashaywa imidwebo yakhe yaba izici ezimangelengele kakhudlwana, kodwa izifundo nenokuthula. Ngo-1916 wathenga villa, okuyinto waziphatha ingadi. Eminyakeni emibili kamuva wayesekwazi uwela iyagula "umkhuhlane waseSpain", kodwa ngokushesha uyalulama. Ngo-1930 yena nenkinga emehlweni, ngenxa yalokho wacishe wayeka ngokubhala. Lapho Norway wayematasa, Munch ngokuthi "Nordic kweqiniso" umculi. Ngokushesha, amaNazi washintsha isimo sengqondo Edward anamagama. Eminyakeni yamuva wayephila kanjani kulokhu kwesaba imidwebo yakhe kwadliwa ekhaya lakhe. Washona ngo-1944, ngemva kwenyanga kudlule iminyaka engu-80th.

"I Scream"

Edvard Munch - i Impressionist othole udumo omkhulukazi ngenxa imidwebo yayo "The Scream". Sekukonke kukhona 4 okuhlukile yayo, ezalotshwa esikhathini zeminyaka 1893-1910. Ekuqaleni, umlobi walibiza ngokuthi "Yithemba." Man, ethuke esithombeni, ngokushesha waba omunye izinhlamvu liyabonakala kakhulu ubuciko. Enye inguqulo yesithombe usezandleni i ngalendoda ezimele. Ukuthengisa Imidwebo endalini akazange "Scream" ucezu eqolo yobuciko.

imidwebo intshontshiwe

Biography Edvard Munch uyaqhubeka namuhla, ngoba wanikela lapho ungaphakathi imidwebo yakhe. imisebenzi yakhe yobuciko ngokuvamile kakhulu baba isihloko Baza-up bangaphandle. Ngo-1994 uthe wathunjwa imidwebo yakhe edumile ethi "Scream" kusukela National Gallery. Izigebengu ukuntshontsha kabi yakhelwe, ngakho isithombe kwaba ikhulele kwezinyanga ezimbalwa. Futhi bophezela ukuntshontshwa Umdwebo Munch sika "Vampire". Iqiniso iziphathimandla komthetho ehluleka ukuqhuba uphenyo yimpumelelo, ngakho "Vampire" etholakele. Ngo-2004, iqembu amasela abakufundile Munch Museum ukushintshashintsha imidwebo "Madonna" futhi "Scream". Ngo-2006, base babuyela Museum, futhi izigebengu wathola isijeziso sabo. Kulokhu, imidwebo emibili zalimala. Ngemva kokubuya imidwebo Museum kubo imihuzuko, iminonjana nomswakama atholakele, imiphetho osugugile futhi Ragged. Restorers baye benza konke ebesingakwenza, kodwa ezinye izindawo zazibonakala.