Umculi Vasily Vereshchagin: Biography, lokusungula, isithombe

Vereshchagin ngokuvamile okuthiwa umdwebi impi. Kodwa uma kwaba njalo ngomqondo wokuthi lishumekwe la mazwi?. Battle izigcawu, impi zhivopisuya, ebonisa izithombe elihle izimpi umbukwane, izithombe ezicacile zendlela alo empi-abawinile, losers ezidabukisayo. Konke lokhu engekho kule zabalingiswa umdwebi omkhulu. Vasily Vereshchagin abaziphilisa ethize elwela ukuthula, ekuboniseni izenzo ezishaqisa unheroic kwansuku empi.

impi Psychology

Siphila impi impucuko. Impi ngokoqobo indlela zomlando ukwazi zomlando isintu kusukela ekuqaleni impucuko womuntu. Umhlaba Emhlabeni ayikaze ngempela. Ubonakala utopia, iphupho, impi - ngokoqobo nokuphila kwansuku ku iplanethi ewumhlaba. Impi njengoba into ezinzile futhi njalo akuve kwesabeka. Vasily Vereshchagin wabonisa ngezinga eliphakeme ka okubonakalisa impi. Impi abantu empilweni yangempela - Imibono yamaKhomanisi, ubuchwepheshe, namaqhawe, anti-namaqhawe, izisulu, izilinganiso, ibutho ukunyakaza. Sizokwazi ngezinto ezinengi ezimpi. Futhi, Isimanga siwukuthi, kwaphela amakhulu eminyaka abanqobi namadolobha abanqobi abantu abathakazelayo. Kukhona emvelweni yomuntu anomthelela empini. Kanye ekuthatheni ingcebo, futhi kunenye, isidingo ubuholi ekholisa, ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba ngezinga eliphakeme, ngamandla kunalawo emhlabeni, ngisho lowo bagomela ngamandla ngokwabo phezu kwabanye. Vereschagin Vasiliy vasilevich (izithombe zazo uvezwa ngenhla) e eziningi imisebenzi kwakhe yayibonisa imijikelezo zalesi simo esibi.

Iziqephu nokuphila umculi

Ngo Cherepovets ku marshal umndeni yezikhulu Vereshchagin ingane yazalwa yesithathu othola ukubhapathizwa egameni Basil. Ngokuzayo asibekele - kuzoba ezempi. Vasily Vereshchagin, naphezu ukwenqena abe isosha professional, ne-honours kusukela Marine ubusosha Corps, kodwa ngokushesha lesula bese eqala ukufunda umdwebo Petersburg, bese Paris.

Impi, njengoba enjalo, sibonakala abanesifiso kuye kusukela ebusheni bakhe kuqhubeke. Ngo-1865 wabhala eCaucasus, kusukela imvelo, futhi kuyoba imisebenzi engavamile umjikelezo wokuqala Caucasian. Kufanele uthi ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuthi Vasily Vereshchagin akazange ayeke ukubhala kwesinye isithombe, uchaza lesi simo sisonke, Emidwebweni eminingi ezakha umjikelezo indivisible.

umjikelezo Turkestan

Ngo-1868, esingatha e Central Asia, ehilelekile empini, ame amasosha nezikhulu ukuvinjezelwa Samarkand, amasevisi empini uthola i the Order of St George 4th grade, enza imidwebo. Ngo-1871 e Munich, wabhala umjikelezo nantathu imidwebo, kanye imidwebo imidwebo, esidalula lokuqala eLondon bese Petersburg. Bonke bamangala - nezindaba futhi ulimi olusha olungokomfanekiso. Impumelelo wawuvala izindlebe. Kodwa uhulumeni wenqaba uthenge le umjikelezo, okuyinto kwakufanele abe e-domain yomphakathi kanye ingeyona ngabanye yangasese. P. Tretyakov walithenga, owenza isandiso ekhethekile igalari wasethula isithombe emphakathini. Zonke ngishaqekile indlela ezingalindelekile kahle le ndaba. Konke kwakukusha, elikhanyayo futhi ngokomthetho futhi thematically. Umdwebi ekubukeni zathola okudalwa ukungazi.

India

Ngo 1874 waya kwelaseNdiya, lapho uyobamba iminyaka emibili futhi bazovakashela Tibet. Vereschagin Vasiliy vasilevich esijulile India, futhi azomhambela ngobutjha 1882-1883, wahlala emadolobheni amakhulu - Bombay, Agra, Delhi. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kuzothatha uhambo Eastern zaseHimalaya, bese uhambo olude nzima Kashmir futhi Ladakh. Bafaka ukuphila kwabo engozini, ebusika, liyophuma ezintabeni. Waze waphonsa babashayeli, kodwa naphezu konke, ikhanda ngibe, isithwathwa, wayefana nendoda eyayi, ngokubhala luvula ngokubabazekayo, intombi, akekho noyedwa oweza wazibona ngaphambili izithombe. iziqongo Whitest, ultramarine esibhakabhakeni, iqhwa uphonswa pink, bangelani isifiso ukuphinda ekhuphuka sina. ENdiya, okuningi okuye kwabhalwa mayelana ikhulu namashumi amahlanu, namathafa, uhlobo izigcawu, ekumeni. Lokhu akusona isimanga, ngoba isiko India kuyinto ephawulekayo ezahlukene kusukela ijwayelekile waseNtshonalanga. Lezi amathempeli, umhlobiso yabo ingaphakathi, besina isiko, abahwebi emigwaqweni - konke okunye. Futhi umculi Vasily Vereshchagin ufuna ukukhombisa lasendulo, ababebalelwa iminyaka eyizinkulungwane eziyisithupha zesiko emhlabeni wonke.

uchungechunge Balkan

Lapho impi Russian-Turkish, umculi ngokushesha wathumela impi kwa-1877. It ehilelekile empini futhi kabi - yinhlamvu ehlangeni ethangeni, futhi ukwelashwa okungalungile okuholela esibhibhayo. Kodwa kwase kuyisikhathi ukuyeka. Shipka, Pleven - bengilokhu yonke indawo Vereschagin Vasiliy vasilevich futhi yonke indawo alethwe imidwebo izinto ezingase umphelelisi ke abanolwazi. Kwaphela iminyaka emibili engawutholi wabhala imidwebo amathathu abonisa iziqephu eyinhloko empini. Yayihlanganisa lokushaya lwesithathu nezinezinhlekelele ku Plevna, kanye izimpi ezesabekayo ka Teles, futhi ukunqoba Shipka. Lolu chungechunge imidwebo iyohlale ukukhunjuzwa iphutha umyalo, futhi ngalokho obuhlungu kuzofanele wenkululeko Russian eBulgaria ejokeni Turkish. Lezi zihloko eziwuchungechunge okokuqala wabeka kanye India e naseParis, bese kwathiwa embukisweni kule minyaka eyishumi edlule e-Europe nase-North America. ERussia, kwathiwa ukuboniswa kabili Petersburg naseMoscow.

Palestine futhi Syria

Ngemva lo msebenzi, ngo-1884, wahamba waya eSiriya nasePalestina, okuzokwenziwa imisebenzi ebhaliwe ngesihloko esithi iVangeli. Kodwa, njengoba ngaso sonke isikhathi, umculi kuyofika ukusebenza ujule, ngaphandle komuzwa zenkolo oqotho. Kukhululwa umsebenzi kusukela kwemvelo, bekungasho kubangele kungamanyala. ERussia, umbukiso yochungechunge wawuvinjelwe.

namaqaba

Lezi imidwebo beniyingxenye Turkestan chungechunge, kodwa umculi wafuna ukugqamisa kubo eceleni, lapho esikhungweni ukubeka Psychology lamasosha negated umholi value.

Impi ye-1812

Lolu chungechunge uthola isikhathi esithile, cishe kusukela ngo-1897, isihloko esivelele. Ukuze-ke yena ibhekisela kushintsha njalo imiklamo kanye nokusebenza. Lokhu yeqhawe zomlando yakhiwa imidwebo amabili, kodwa wahlala sidle. Eyokuqala 17 iziqephu imisebenzi esemqoka abazinikele ayehlasela sikaNapoleon yeRussia. Kuzo kukhona impi ye Borodino, futhi umlilo e Moscow, futhi izinkulumo kuhlulekile ukuthula, kanye nokulahlekelwa ibutho French eqhweni. A imidwebo emithathu enikelwe impi yabashokobezi edonse. Njengoba ubizwa ningagcini emvelweni, umsebenzi umcabango kunikezwa kuye ngobukhulu ubunzima, ayikwazi wathi, ubuka imidwebo yakhe. Ngokungavamile portrait ezinhle uNapoleon, ngokubona abantu Russian Yiqiniso, debunks sesithombe iqhawe nomuntu omkhulu. Lolu chungechunge yaqale embukisweni eMoscow Petersburg kule minyaka 1895 -1896. Akekho liye laveza isifiso salo ukuze iyithenge. Kwakungenxa nje ngo-1902, uhulumeni, ingcindezi evela emphakathini walithenga futhi ibekwe endaweni Museum Russian. Zonke imibono yabo ezibukwayo nempi ye-1812, siye kwakhiwa ngenxa umsebenzi okhazimulayo Vasily Vereshchagin.

North-Russian

Kungazelelwe, umculi unesithakazelo umlando izakhiwo Russian. Painter Yaroslavl, Rostov, Kostroma ukusebenza, ngokujulile bacwiliswa endulo Russian. Futhi konke lokhu kuza parallel umsebenzi on isihloko impi, onyakeni we-12. Vasily Vereshchagin eya enyakatho Russian. Ekhululwa uhambela Pinega, Northern Dvina, White Sea, Solovki. namathafa akhe agcwele sokuthula nokuzola, wangena umphefumulo wakhe. Ahlangana ne art abalimi bebona isonto ezindala zamapulangwe. Futhi kukhona izifundo nge isithombe bokwakha Russian lokhuni. Ludala kwamthinta ngokujulile. Yena owakha indlu eMoscow, kokuba ngendlela Russian lwamakholi eqhugwaneni. Sekuvele workshop, lapho ebhala Vereschagin Vasiliy vasilevich imidwebo.

uchungechunge Japanese

Uhambo lokuya nokubuya Japan uwela ngosuku olwandulela empini Russian-Japanese. Kodwa inqobo nje uma ungumculi wayengakamazi. Umumo UKwenza iZinto ngeNdlela eNgakajayeleki, emikhosini entsha, nezinye ukudla ngendlela lapho yamukelwa ayikwazi lihle Vereshchagin, ikakhulukazi ngoba kunamaseli ngakho athuthukile isiko yezicathulo, ubuciko opende, usebenza ku-metal ne ithambo. Banganhlanhlatsi esivela art Japanese, nje akakwazi ukuba ugqozi umculi. Kodwa ibonisa ukubukeka exubile emisebenzini yakhe isici kakhulu futhi elikhanyayo - emathempelini, abesifazane-Japanese e kimono, umpristi abampofu.

Vereshchagin hhayi ngephutha uhambo emhlabeni wonke. Wabona bonke abantu njengoba umphakathi, zonke nomthelela ekuthuthukiseni impucuko kanye namasiko. Ukunganakwa womuntu waseNtshonalanga, ethwele impi wamakoloni futhi agcina izinhlanga 'eliphansi' nezizwe, ukuxhashazwa zabo ezinonya akakwazanga ukumsiza kodwa ukhathazeke iPacific umdwebi sika. Ex Oriente lux athwalisane Russia by edlulisa impucuko ekuthuthukiseni nokuhlangenwe nakho abakuthola lapho asathuthuka uqobo, umuntu hhayi izigqila ngabaseGibithe. Lokhu kufakazelwa zonke imidwebo Vasiliya Vereschagina.

Ekuqaleni kwempi Russian-Japanese, umculi waya ePacific Ocean. Efa yempi, kanye Admiral Makarov nge ukuqhuma emayini. Lokhu kwakuwumnikelo ka-umculi Vasily Vereshchagin. Umlando wakhe ongavamile, futhi imicabango bavumelane isikhathi sethu.