Udonga lwangaphakathi lunesithombe sobumba - ke ... Udonga lwangaphakathi lunesithombe sobumba bokwakha ethempelini

izakhiwo Udonga lwangaphakathi lunesithombe sobumba - kuyini? Kwezinye ukufaka isetshenziswa? Njengoba Udonga lwangaphakathi lunesithombe sobumba savela ngesikhathi? Izimpendulo zale mibuzo zingatholakala ku-athikili yethu!

Udonga lwangaphakathi lunesithombe sobumba - ke ...

Kuhunyushwe kusuka isiGreki, leli gama lisho "lwaleli". Udonga lwangaphakathi lunesithombe sobumba - a udebe lwangezansi eyayiseduze ingxenye eyinhloko isakhiwo. Ubujamo Udonga lwangaphakathi lunesithombe sobumba e plan kungaba ongaphambili omise, uncamane nofana eziyinkimbinkimbi, okungajwayelekile.

Udonga lwangaphakathi lunesithombe sobumba - kuyinto isici lathumela, okuyinto ligamanxa lulwimi Dome noma polusvodom. Ngokuvamile leli gama lisetshenziswa ukuze libhekisele ivolumu futhi unamathele altare izakhiwo izakhiwo Katolika nasemasontweni obu-Orthodox zenkolo.

Udonga lwangaphakathi lunesithombe sobumba aqalwa elisetshenziswa Roman izakhiwo zomphakathi ukuma unxande.

Isicelo i-elementi e izakhiwo zethempeli

Ngokuvamile lesi sakhi isetshenziswa izakhiwo zenkolo. Izakhiwo obuKristu ku Udonga lwangaphakathi lunesithombe sobumba - ingxenye yesonto, lapho kuhlale (nge okumbalwa) is kuthambekele empumalanga. Yilapho-ke ngokuvamile i-altare. Udonga lwangaphakathi lunesithombe sobumba ngaphandle i-altare ngokuthi apsidioloy.

Kodwa okuthwala, luyingxenye umsebenzi zokuhlobisa noma ukusetshenziswa esiwusizo. Ngakho, ngo-Vysokopetrovsky wezindela iSt Peter Metropolitan, lezi zinto zitholakala nxazonke isakhiwo.

Ngo-Orthodox amasonto zisebenzisa inombolo obungavamile le apses - eyodwa noma ezintathu. Amasonto waseConstantinople, elakhiwa ngo-IX-XIII eminyaka, kwakukhona tincenye letintsatfu enjalo, futhi asetshenziselwa-altare ehlukile. Izakhiwo amasonto obuKatolika ku Udonga lwangaphakathi lunesithombe sobumba we yesonto ukuphi. Udonga lwangaphakathi lunesithombe sobumba Ngokushumayela kungabizwa ngokuthi indima elingaphakathi lethempeli ukuma ongaphambili omise ne-altare ngaphandle ziboya engalingani. Le nqubo isetshenziswa izakhiwo Western Europe wethempeli.

Evolution of the Udonga lwangaphakathi lunesithombe sobumba

Ezinsukwini izakhiwo Gothic kusukela ngasekupheleni kwekhulu XII, Udonga lwangaphakathi lunesithombe sobumba kwaba ukuma ongaphambili omise e plan, futhi izindonga zawo zazakhiwe ezakhiweni zamatshe aqoshiwe. Ikhothamo ngenhla ukuvuleka akhiphe wokwakha eziyinkimbinkimbi, futhi washada into semi Dome. Ongaphambili omise uhlelo Udonga lwangaphakathi lunesithombe sobumba zazivela Gothic sesakhiwo esikhulu Romanesque inkathi. Ukuma ongaphambili omise esetshenziswa isikhathi eside, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi egumbini eyindilinga isetshenziswa ayisekho.

Ekupheleni round Udonga lwangaphakathi lunesithombe sobumba uhlelo XIII ekhulwini siguqule libe unxande futhi zikanhlangothiningi. Ngokokuqala ngqá leli su iye yasetshenziswa ekuqaleni kwekhulu ofanayo Champagne. Ngisho nangaleso sikhathi esakhiwe izakhiwo kanye apses zikanhlangothiningi. isibonelo ukwakhiwa ekwayeni lombhishobhi yesonto laseReims, lapho uhlelo oyisiyingi esingamakhilomitha isisekelo Udonga lwangaphakathi lunesithombe sobumba ezakhiwa izindonga faceted Yaziwa.

Kodwa eNgilandi izakhiwo Udonga lwangaphakathi lunesithombe sobumba esetshenziswa futhi kuyaqabukela asetshenziswa. Lapha, ingxenye eyinhloko isakhiwo - kwethempeli, njengoba umthetho, lihlale odongeni iqonde, ehlotshiswe ingilazi ibala.