Amalungelo abesifazane: Managing

Namuhla, akukho ekwenqabeleni yokuthi kusukela azalwa abantu banelungelo lokuthola amalungelo afana ngesimo esingokomthetho akuxhomekile ubulili bomuntu. Umuntu namuhla kunzima ukuqonda ukuthi ambalwa eminyaka edlule, abesifazane abasebancane babengavunyelwe ukufunda emayunivesithi, bona akuzona abamiswe ukuba izikhundla eziphezulu, futhi ngokuvamile, kucatshangwa ukuthi enhle wesifazane-wekhaya ohlanza izingubo, nomyeni wakhe upheka isobho.

Ngayiphi imibhalo namuhla fixed amalungelo abesifazane? Ngo-1967, i-UN General Assembly kwaba Simemetelo Lokuqedwa ubandlululo oluqondiswa kwabesifazane. Kuyo komphakathi weentjhabatjhaba ugcizelela nokulingana abantu abesilisa nabesifazane ezahlukene, kanye nesidingo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi abafana namantombazane ukufinyelela ilingana zonke izinzuzo. Declaration ubulili fair anikezwe ilungelo lokuvota okhethweni futhi referendums yomphakathi, futhi bekubonakala wagcizelela ukuthi abantu bazo zombili izinhlobo zobulili elilinganayo lokuthola okuthunyelwe kwahulumeni. I-Athikili 10 we Declaration sinquma ukuqedwa zoMthetho kumithetho yezemisebenzi, okuyinto kwephule amalungelo abesifazane abakhulelwe. Okuqinisekisiwe ukutholakala ngokulingana kwezinhlelo zokufundisa. Kuyinto le dokhumenti kuye kwaholela amathuluzi ezilandelayo international evikela amalungelo abesifazane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nkinga isimemezelo ezizinikezele ngesimo esingokomthetho wobulili fair, ezithathwe 1974, 1993, 1995 no-2000. Ngo-2000 yena esasayinwa Declaration bezombangazwe abesifazane kwekhulu lamashumi amabili nanye.

I-Russian amakilabhu ezilwela amalungelo abesifazane kanye namaqembu akuzona ethandwa kangaka njengoba, ngokwesibonelo, e-United States. Njalo ngonyaka ngo-August 26 Abesifazane baseMelika ukugubha ukulingana zabesifazane. Lo mkhosi siqala ukuba khona ngo-1971. ummeli waseMelika sezombusazwe Bella Abzug wakhethwa ukuba Congress, lapho wazwakalisa isinyathelo sakhe.

Movement for suffrage alinganayo amadoda United States futhi abesifazane esenzeka nekhulu yeshumi nesishiyagalolunye kanye kwaba yimpumelelo. Lethoba Ukuchitshiyelwa kwe-US uMthethosisekelo uvele 1920. Lesi sichibiyelo, ngokuvumelana feminists, waba ngowokuqala emlandweni yezwe labo ukuqashelwa esemthethweni efanele abesifazane ukubamba iqhaza ukuphila kwawo ngokuqondene nezombusazwe, kwetinhlavu isithombe isimo.

izenzo normative amalungelo nabobulili bubuhle athathwa hhayi kuphela UN kodwa futhi i-World Trade Organization, International Labour Organisation. Umbhalo amadokhumenti yokutholwa kulezi zinhlangano, eyakhiwa ikakhulu ikhumbula imibiko wezokwelapha umzimba female, lwezenhlalo nedatha kwezibalo. Emazweni amaningi, kukhona uhlu oluthile imisebenzi nika amantombazane abaqashi abanawo ilungelo. Abesifazane ngeke kwenziwe ukusebenza ezindaweni nokhahlo.

Manje ukunikeza abanye amaqiniso isimanga. Sitshele amalungelo athile athakazelisayo abesifazane lelipelwe e umthetho esihlukile. Ngokwesibonelo, e-Hong Kong Owesifazane unelungelo ukubulala abe isiphingi. Ubunzima kuphela ukuthi unakho ukwenza ngempela ngezandla, ngaphandle kosizo izikhali kanye nezinye izinto angaphandle. Ngo Colorado, United States, kwenqatshelwe ukuqabula owesifazane olele. Kazi izingane zabo ngokufunda inganekwane of Snow White futhi Sleeping Beauty? Ezinye uthi empeleni waphawula ukubandlulula abantu bobulili bubuhle. Ngokwesibonelo, eKentucky, izintokazi okwakwenqatshelwe avele ukugeza amasudi endleleni. Okukhishwayo kuphela are labo nesisindo esingaba amakhilogremu esingaphansi amane noma ngaphezulu ayisishiyagalolunye. Lokho, nenekazi enhle akanayo ilungelo avele endleleni isudu lolwandle futhi beefcake eqolo - sicela! Ngaphansi kwemithetho ye-St Louis, kokulwa namalangabi emlilweni sinqatshiwe ukwenza abesifazane ngaphandle izingubo, zembethe ingubo sigqoka noma a nightgown. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ebekiwe ngokuphonsa zonke izimpi zawo yokutakula yomuntu, kwindlela angase. E Florida, amantombazane abangashadile abavunyelwe gxuma nge-parachute ngamaSonto.