Izakhi zanamuhla zokwakhiwa ezivela ezikhathini zasendulo

Kuzo zonke izikhathi kwakunezakhiwo zokuhlobisa. Izakhi zokwakhiwa ezisetshenziselwa abadwebi zigcizelela isitayela futhi ziyiziko ezithile. Lezi zithethe ziye zafika ezinsukwini zethu. Izakhiwo zezakhiwo zanamuhla nazo zihlotshiswe ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokuhlobisa, ukubuka isiqondiso sesitayela.

Umlando omncane

Izakhiwo zezindlovu namathempeli, okwakhiwa eGibhithe lasendulo naseSumer, zazinamakholomu anezici ze-stucco nomdwebo. Umsebenzi wabo kwakuwukugcina uphahla lwesakhiwo. Izakhi zokwakha zazisetshenziswa nase-Asia yasendulo. Ngenqubo yokwandisa imingcele yeGreece lasendulo, kwakukhona inyunyana yezizwe ezihlukene, ngayinye yazo eyayinombono wayo wokwakha. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izindlela ezithile zaseYurophu zaqala ukuthuthukiswa. Izinketho zezindlela ezihlukene zashintsha amafomu awo, zihambisana nezici ezintsha, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ngesikhathi esifanayo isitayela esikhulu sokwakha. Ngesikhathi sesikhathi esidala, ukuhlobisa kwesigcawu senziwe nge-marble. I-Granite ne-sandstone yayisetshenziswa kancane kancane. INingizimu ye-Asia iye yazi izakhiwo nezakhi zokwakha ezenziwe ngezinkuni eziqinile. Manje sekufashisa ukuhlobisa imidwebo yezakhiwo ezinemihlobiso ye-stucco.

Izinhlobo zomhlobiso emhlobiso we-facade

Izakhiwo ezisebenzisa izakhi ezahlukene zithola izici ezithile. Abadwebi bezakhiwo, basebenzisa ukuhlobisa emasendleleni, banethuba lokulungisa ukushiyeka kwesakhiwo, badala isithombe esiyingqayizivele nesicacile sokwakha. Ekukhiqizeni izakhi izinto ezihlukahlukene zisetshenzisiwe, okuvumela ukugcizelela imigqa kanye nejometri lamafomu. Ngokuvamile kuvame izakhiwo zanamuhla zinezakhi zokwakha zesakhiwo, amagama azo avela kithi kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo: ama-bas-reliefs, ama-cornices, amakholomu, ama-balusters nezinyawo, ama-arches, ama-balustrade, ama-pilasters nezinye izinhlobo eziningi zokuhlobisa. Cabanga ukuthi lezi zakhi zimelelani.

Ukwaziswa

• Ama-bas-reliefs. Izakhi zokwakhiwa kwezithombe, izithombe, imidwebo, ukuhlobisa isakhiwo sezakhiwo kanye nokuphuma ezindongeni kuya kwesigamu somthamo wayo.
• Ama-cornices. Into ehamba phambili yesakhiwo, umsebenzi wayo ukuhlukanisa uphahla kusuka odongeni oluqondile.
• Amakholomu. Ukusekela ngaphansi kwe-cornice, esesimweni esiqondile. Ukwakhiwa kufana nomgqomo wesigaba esiphambene nesiyingi, ukwandiswa phezulu.
• Balusters. Izakhi zokwakha zesakhiwo esakhiweni, njengama-balusters, ziyikholomu encane enehlobiso eliqoshiwe. Isetshenziswe yiqembu ekwakhiweni kocingo, njengebhalethi nezitimela zesiteji nezinye izakhiwo.
• Ama-fronts. I-triangular element enezintambo ezimbili ezinhlangothini, eziphezu kwe-cornice bese ziqeda isakhiwo sezakhiwo.
• Ama-Arches. Ukuqoqwa kwe-Arc okwenziwe odongeni, kuxhomeke emakholomu. Kunezinsika ezingamanga ezihlobisa impumputhe.

• I-Balustrades. Amakhodi ahlanganisa amaqembu e-balusters, edlulela embumbeni, ibhuloho, eceleni kompheme wendawo, uphahla. Unezinyawo zokufakwa kwezithombe ezihlobisa.
• Ama-Pilasters. Umzila wokuhlobisa, ophezu kwekholomu noma udonga futhi ube nephethini lokusiza.

Indaba yokwenza ukuhlobisa kwesakhiwo

Izakhi zokwakhiwa kwezicathulo namuhla zenziwe nge-gypsum, ukhonkolo lwe-polymer nezinye izinto eziningi.

Ukubunjwa kwe-Stucco kusetshenziselwa ukuvuselela isitayela sokwakha, njenge-Empire, Rococo noma Art Nouveau. I-gypsum ilalela futhi ivumela kalula ukubunjwa, ithole amafomu ahlukile, isakhiwo ngasinye sakhiwe, esine-stucco enokuhlobisa isakhiwo. I-Gypsum isetshenziselwa ukudala izibalo nezindlela zokubeka phansi ezihlobisa isakhiwo. Lezi zinto zitholakalayo ukudayiswa, futhi ngosizo lwezifanekiso ungakha isici sokuhlobisa esiyingqayizivele ngokwakho. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi izibalo ezisuka ku-gypsum ziyindlala kakhulu, futhi zifakwe ophahleni lwesakhiwo, zinike umthwalo othakazelisayo esisekelo sayo.

Imininingwane enjalo, njengokhonkolo ye-polymer, iqukethe i-granite echotshoziwe, i-sandwine ne-quartz ufulawa. Izinto ezikhethekile zisetshenziselwa ukubopha lezi zinto. Inzuzo yekhonkthi ye-polymer ukukhanya kwayo namandla. Ngokuvamile lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukulingisa itshe lemvelo.

Futhi, ukwaziswa okuqinile yikhonkri yegreyidi eqinisekisiwe, ukumelana nezimo zemvelo nokulimala komshini. Ngenxa yokukhanya kwayo nokulula, kwaba khona ukushintsha izakhi ezenziwe ngendlela endala ngezinguquko ngaphandle kokushintsha okukhulu.

Izinto zokwenza izinto zenziwe lula ekwakheni izingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuhlobisa. Izakhi zokwakhiwa zanamuhla zilula futhi kulula ukuyifaka, ezisheshisa umsebenzi futhi zinciphise izindleko zazo.