"Toyota-Prius-Hybrid": Abanikazi ukubuyekezwa, Ukucaciswa, futhi petrol

Omunye Amathrendi ezibaluleke kakhulu kwezobuchwepheshe embonini yezimoto emhlabeni wonke ukwethulwa "green" ubuchwepheshe. Ngisho zokuvikela ngempumelelo ezisashisa abasizi electronic ukuphaphatheka zangemuva izinzuzo ukuthi uvule imiqondo kagesi hybrid. Akukhona nje kuphela ukunciphisa ezingeni ukungcoliswa kwemvelo. Ukwehluleka noma okungenani ekunciphiseni ukusetshenziswa uphethiloli ezivamile inenzuzo abashayeli ngokwabo ezingase ancike Ukonga okukhulu. Yiqiniso, izwi elithi "umnotho" namanje madolonzima okuhlangana ngayo izintengo imodeli eyonga amandla. Iningi iziphakamiso kuleli kilasi ayatholakala abathengi Russian ngoba ruble ayizigidi ezingu 2-3. Kulesisimo-ke, ukukhetha ekhangayo lokhu imoto ngokuthi "Toyota-Prius-Hybrid", isithombe okuyinto abekwe ngezansi.

Imodeli ne kokuqala price tag ukhonza 1.2 mln. Yiqiniso, izindleko ezifana ayikwazi kubhekwe ezingabizi umshayeli mass, kodwa ukwehla petrol ngesikhatsi operation eside ngeke ulungisisa utshalomali. Ikakhulukazi ngoba umthengi uthola hhayi nje imodeli nge engavamile amandla plant kanye izinga imoto Japanese wezwakalisa iphrimiyamu.

ulwazi olujwayelekile mayelana imodeli

Fashion for hybrid onobuhle kagesi kusuka abakhiqizi kwavela kowezi-2000. Yiqiniso, ezinye ngentuthuko kule ndawo yayikhona ngaphambi, kodwa ukuqaliswa yabo ezingokoqobo imiqondo kwenzeka ezinsukwini zokugcina 15 iminyaka. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, umenzi Japanese isibe omunye amaphayona ingxenye ukukhulula umfuziselo hybrid kudala njengoba 1997. Nokho, imoto emakethe global wabonakala iminyaka emithathu kuphela. Laligcinwa kudivayisi efanayo - "Toyota-Prius-Hybrid" ngo-2000 ngaphansi hood siqukethe izingxenye ezine: a bendabuko yangaphakathi omlilo engine, i motor ngogesi, ibhethri ephezulu voltage motor-generator. Njengoba singabona, imodeli kuhlanganisa tincenye ukucupha ezahlukene amandla plant, kuhlanganise classical yangaphakathi omlilo injini, futhi ibhethri.

Ngokuya ingaphandle imoto akunakubangelwa isigaba Golf. Nakuba abakhiqizi ezinkulu efuna ukunikeza izitshalo hybrid kuphela ezibizayo izinguqulo okunethezeka, amaJapane wakhetha ukuvala for isigaba ebanzi abathengi. Empeleni, lokhu futhi ngenxa intengo kuqhathaniswa eqolo izimoto "Toyota-Prius-Hybrid", ukubuyekezwa wabanikazi okuyinto evumayo kakhulu maqondana ukukhululwa ruble angu-1.2 million. Kodwa, bona wazi, futhi ingcebo imishini ozikhethela ezinguqulweni ezibizayo ngaphezulu ruble 2 million .

Isimiso ezisebenza version eyisisekelo

Onjiniyela ukunikela izindlela ezimbili ukuba zisebenzise umklamo hybrid. Ngo samuntu lokuqala, ukunyakaza nokulawula umshini unikezwe i motor ngogesi, i-yangaphakathi omlilo injini kanye izimpahla ibhethri. Indlela yesibili inikeza ukusetshenziswa okulingana kokubili ugesi. Laba bobabili izizukulwane lokuqala onobuhle Japanese ukukhombisa zibheke kanye nempumelelo lihlanganise kokubili imiqondo. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi lusebenza kanjani, "Toyota-Prius-Hybrid" in the version zakudala, kuhle ukucabangela amandla isitshalo Synergy-Drive. Isakhiwo kuhlanganisa injini uphethiloli amandla omlilo yangaphakathi 78 amalitha. a. futhi ibhethri eziqhutshwa motor kagesi 68 amalitha. a. Ndawonye, lesi kuqinisekisa umthelela esiphezulu. Phatha ezingaba ezinjalo angasebenzisa izindlela ezine. Lapho kuqalwa yangaphakathi omlilo injini ukufakwa inqanyuliwe, futhi umsebenzi main umshini drive uyangenelela motor. Njengoba kwanda amandla isimo sishintsha: umsebenzi ibhethri kuyehla, futhi iza likaphethiloli iyunithi.

Umgomo we operation esizukulwane sesithathu

Naphezu ukwanda amandla, imodeli kwesizukulwane sesithathu uye zihlukaniswa izinga okusezingeni eliphezulu uphethiloli nekghono. Inguqulo has a 1.8-litre "ezine", isikimu ogxile umjikelezo Atkinson. Njengoba kudivayisi ekuqaleni kwakulindelekile, "Toyota-Prius-Hybrid" futhi wathola ngebhethri icushiwe njengoba kudingeka. Ukuze wesithathu izici isizukulwane kuthiwa wenziwa futhi ngisebenzise isifutho se-kagesi for Ukupholisa nethuthukisiwe uhlelo recirculating qeda. Ngokuphathelene imodi drive, kulesi simo kucatshangwa ngezindlela ezintathu. Imodi lokuqala (EV) yakhelwe movement in the ongaphakeme isivinini ububanzi uxhumano lwebhethri. Lokhu kulandelwa imodi sithuthukiswe, okuvumela ukwandisa abe nozwela namafutha ngoba idrayivu yezemidlalo uhlamvu. Kodwa ukonga kakhulu kuyinto Eco Mode, lapho isilinganiso okunengqondo kunazo wasebenzisa amandla namandla imoto ngesikhathi izicelo ukunyakaza.

nemingcele Technical imodeli

Kuzo zonke izici yangaphakathi yesikhulumi ukugcwaliswa kanye main isakhiwo imoto enjalo ngokuvumelana isikimu bendabuko. Kulokhu, ingaphandle ubukeka esingavamile ngempela lokho, unikeza esinye imoto ukunambitheka "Toyota Prius hybrid." izici Technical imodeli zimi kanje:

• Umzimba hybrid - a hatchback 5 ngendlu.
• Ubude - 445 cm.
• Ububanzi - 172,5 cm.
• Ukuphakama - 149 cm.
• Kwemithwalo gumbi - okungenani 408 amalitha.
• Wheelbase - 270 cm.
• ithrekhi Emuva - 148 cm.
• ithrekhi Front - 150,5 cm.
• Clearance - 14.5 cm.
• Ukumiswa - entwasahlobo ngekutimela front futhi bakhulise semi ezimele.
• Gearbox - iqonde kwamaplanethi.
• Amabhuleki - disc.

Izici ibhethri

Umenzi isebenzisa amabhethri NiMH kusukela Panasonic kanye nezinkampani, onikeza engu-8 iwaranti. Eqinisweni, sibonga lezi zinto futhi ihlinzeka izindleko ukuguqulwa ephumelelayo izimoto "Toyota Prius hybrid." izici Kobuchwepheshe amabhethri esetshenziswa zimi kanje:

• Umthamo - 6 kuya 21 Ah.
• Isikhathi ukushaja okugcwele - 90 amaminithi.
• Isisindo - kusuka 45 kuya ku-80 kg, kuye ngokuthi version.
• Isibalo amamojuli e ibhethri - kusuka 28 kuya 40.
• Isibalo izingxenye okukumoduli - 6.
• ingxenye voltage - 1.2 V
• Inani voltage - kusuka 206 kuya 288 V
• amandla webhethri yomiselela - ezingeqi kwezingu 4.4 ngesenti elilodwa.

izici kwezobuchwepheshe wokusebenza

Esikhathini Ngenxa iningi abashayeli umehluko oyinhloko onobuhle kuwuhlobo kahle yabo. Noma kunjalo, kukhona ezinye umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama ukusebenza, okuyinto ine "Toyota-Prius-Hybrid." Umgomo we operation, ngokukhethekile, kubangela ezingeni kahle eliphezulu lokulawula ezishintshayo, yini okufanele sihlale sikulungele. Ngokwesibonelo, i-computer ugibelile elawula ngokuzenzakalela nemingcele injini, ngaleyo ndlela ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwebhethri elilungile. Ngakho, kule moto kokumisa isikhashana, uhlelo oyenza isebenze unyathela amabhuleki okuzivuselela ngenxa lapho ibhethri agcwalisiwe ngokuzenzakalelayo.

Ukunikezwa nezinye izixazululo ewusizo, kuhlanganise Ibanga Control inzwa, ukungezwani othomathikhi amabhande esivikelo emotweni, esihlalweni ukulungiswa kanye ukulungiswa kahle nozwela isinyathelo emotweni "Toyota Prius hybrid." Izibuyekezo nabanikazi bayawazisa umsebenzi labasizi ezihlakaniphile ezikuvumela ukupaka kalula, sebenzisa lingena umbono ikhamera.

petrol

Ngisho ngokumelene namanye amalungu hybrid ingxenye imodeli Japanese ibonisa ukwenza ezinhle umnotho. Imoto edolobheni e version eziyisisekelo ibusa mayelana 8 amalitha, kuyilapho ngaphandle komuzi ngisho kancane - 5.5 amalitha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuya ukungcola kwekhabhoni izinjini esetshenziswa Japanese kakhulu ukudlula amazinga "Euro-4". Kulokhu, isizukulwane yesithathu ngisho kancane petrol. "Toyota-Prius-Hybrid" kule ukusebenza uma ushayela phakathi komuzi ikhombisa ukusetshenziswa ezingeni 4.9 amalitha, futhi endleleni - 4.6 l. Le mpumelelo Lwenziwe hhayi kuphela ngenxa sokuphehla amandla. Ukumboza ukusetshenziswa kukawoyela samandla injini anda, onjiniyela baye basebenzisa ezisindayo-duty aluminiyamu ekwakhiweni. Kungenzeka ukunciphisa isisindo hybrid, okuyinto 1.5 m.

ukusebenza ashukumisayo

ukusabalalisa ebanzi "green" ubuchwepheshe embonini yezimoto iyathiyeka okuthonywa nayizimo ezimbili constraining funa. Phakathi kwabo, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, intengo, kanye nokusebenza isivinini nesizotha. Nokho, umenzi Japanese wakwazi ukuqeda lezi amaphutha, njengoba kufakazelwa impendulo ashukumisayo: "Toyota-Prius-Hybrid" ihlukile isivinini ehloniphekile esiphezulu - 170 km / h futhi ukusheshisa omuhle - kufike ku 100 km / h "Chinese" yanda amasekhondi 11.

Ingxenye ezifana eliphezulu hybrid ngenxa design engasindi, kodwa musa siqambe umthelela izici kwezobuchwepheshe imodeli. Ngokwesibonelo, ephezulu torque engu motor ihlinzeka impendulo esheshayo, kanye nokuntuleka CPR bendabuko nokwandisa ukuxhumana phakathi umshayeli futhi ngamandla. Futhi ungakhohlwa mayelana amasistimu e-elekthronikhi, okuyinto umphelelisi Suv imoto "Toyota Prius hybrid." Izibuyekezo wabanikazi ukhulume izinzuzo ezingokoqobo we abasizi enqubeni ukunyakaza ngokukhululekile. Abenzi kuphela nomthelela ukuphepha, kodwa futhi lula ukulawula hybrid.

Ipulani ukuqhubeka hybrid

Ngo ukuthuthukiswa izinguqulo ezintsha inkampani igxile ezindaweni eziningana. Into ebaluleke kakhulu okwamanje ukuthuthkisa izimfanelo sokunciphisa umoya lapho zindiza imodeli. Sebenza kule ngxenye ziphathelene abaklami ngubani ukuklama ingaphandle. Izizukulwane lokuqala Abadali wakwazi ukufeza imiphumela ephawulekayo ukwehla kwe-Coefficient hudula, okuyinto namuhla imodeli elilungile "Toyota Prius hybrid." Umgomo we operation ngesisekelo imithombo ukunikezela ayeyoba athuthukile, kuhlanganise ngezithukuthuku solar panel. Onjiniyela amatasa ukuklama izindlela ukufaka kuwo ophahleni. Kulindeleke ukuthi ngenxa lesi sici imoto uzokwazi ukunikeza umsebenzi isimo sezulu.

okubuyayo kusuka kubanikazi

Iningi Izibuyekezo omuhle imodeli kungenxa izinzuzo ukuthi zinikezwa amandla iyunithi. Uma kuqhathaniswa ezivamile likaphethiloli izinjini, lokhu imoto ukonga kakhulu ukusebenza. Futhi akusiwona kuphela ekunciphiseni izindleko fuel okwesikhathi pyatidverki ngokuthi "Toyota Prius hybrid." Izibuyekezo abanikazi abonisa ukuthi imodeli akuvamile ngakho kudinga izinguquko amafutha futhi aqede nokugcinwa ukuziqalela futhi ugesi, eyenza zimane ayitholakali ngaphansi hood. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imoto imakwe izinzuzo ngokuya imishini yamuva amadivayisi ozikhethela.

Kuyaphawuleka izinzuzo imoto ngokombono ukusebenza eRussia. Kuyini ikakhulukazi nice ezifuywayo abanikazi imoto: ngisho yesithwathwa ezinzima musa kuthinte ukusebenza crossover we "Toyota-Prius-Hybrid." abanikazi Izibuyekezo ebusika uqinisekise ukuthi uqala umshini futhi kudinga kuphela Ukushisa ingaphakathi for uhambo ukhululekile ngaphandle kwezinkinga.

Izibuyekezo ezingezinhle

Yiqiniso, izindleko aphezulu eziningi odlulela kude ukuthenga ezinjalo. Nakuba kuqhathaniswa nezinye nzalo, lokhu kukhetha cishe ezingabizi kakhulu, kodwa le moto kuyabiza ngaphezu likaphethiloli okulingana. Kukhona ukugxekwa mayelana nezinkinga udoti wachitha amabhethri nzalo, kodwa lezi zinkinga bakhathalela kakhulu amaqembu ezemvelo kunokuba abanikazi imoto.

isiphetho

Ezimakethe Russian azikho onobuhle ingxenye "green" izimoto, okungase enze ukuthuthukiswa agcwele mncintiswano Japanese. Shono izibuyekezo "Toyota-Prius-Hybrid" ingxenye enkulu kukhona shades omuhle. Imoto kuyahluka ukonga nokusebenza kanye nokugcinwa, kodwa inikeza cishe zonke ukusebenza atholakale evamile likaphethiloli onobuhle. Yiqiniso, ukuthengwa kuyodingeka ukulungiselela isizumbulu semali, kodwa hybrid ukusetshenziswa esikhathini eside ngokuqinisekile ukukhokhela ngokwabo. Ubuchwepheshe obusha iyabiza, kodwa izinzuzo kwathatha izimoto ezinamandla nakakhulu kunzima overestimate.