Suez crisis

Ngemva kwempi (iMpi Yezwe II) kwinqubomgomo ngamazwe-USSR ingenye indawo ebaluleke kakhulu kunikezwa eMpumalanga Ephakathi. Amazwe Arab aye wathola izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezindwangu ezingaba usizo - futhi emnyangweni wezempi futhi zokuziphatha, kanye nezombusazwe.

Suez Inkinga 1956 kwaba isivivinyo lokuqala amandla yethonya Soviet eMpumalanga Ephakathi.

ISoviet Union enikeziwe nezempi, izikhali, ochwepheshe ukuthumela nabeluleki yezempi kuleli lizwe, okungase (okuthiwa) ukubamba iqhaza nesimo wezempi.

Ngaphansi kokulawula Britain empeleni phakathi 1950s wahlala eGibhithe. Ngo-1951, uhulumeni waseGibhithe siphelise isivumelwano lizwe efakwe ngaphansi kwazo amabutho aseBrithani. Nokho, izwe laseBrithani nelase hhayi kuphela akabaholanga, kodwa ukwandisa amandla abo. Ngenxa yalokho, izwe labetibambile imibhikisho emelene abahlaseli waseBrithani waqala impi yabashokobezi edonse.

Ngo-1952, 23 Julayi, izingxabano Egypt yaphenduka ukuvukela uMbuso. UColonel Nasser, inhloko inhlangano yezombangazwe "Amaphoyisa Mahhala" wagumbuqela ohlanga wamemezela lizwe i-republic.

Inqubomgomo bezingelwa uhulumeni omusha kakhulu kwaqina elala izwe laseBrithani nelase-Israyeli. Britain, ukufuna ukunweba khona ibutho e-Egypt, Nasser yasayina isivumelwano ku ukuhoxiswa amabutho izinyanga ezingamashumi amabili kanye nokudluliswa umGibhithe hulumeni ophethwe amasosha ukufaka. Ngo-1955 kwase kunesiqiniseko le Baghdad Pact atheleka iqhaza Iran, e-Iraq, Turkey, Britain, Pakistan. Egypt Wacelwa nokuba ujoyine. Nokho, Nasser wenqaba.

EMpumalanga Ephakathi isimo ngaphezulu inkimbinkimbi. Israyeli, kanye angamalungu e-Baghdad Pact atheleka babe endaweni enobutha emehlweni Egypt. Western uhlelo wamakoloni isihlakazeka. Lokhu kufakazelwa ukuzuzwa uzibuse Morocco, Tunisia, Sudan, Syria. Ngo Algeria, Wadlulela National Liberation War. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, sakha isimo nentuthuko endaweni ithonya Soviet. Lokhu kuphakamisa ukukhathazeka mayelana NATO.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukukhathazeka babe ngaphansi kwenhlabathi. Iqiniso lokuthi Naser ngo-1955, ucele ukuba kube usizo emazweni aseNtshonalanga. Egypt bacela usizo lwebutho, kodwa wenqaba. Ngokuqondene nalokhu, Nasser waphendukela eSoviet Union. ESoviet Union akazange eGibhithe. Ngokusebenzisa iCzechoslovakia ngasese sezisunguliwe ukudayiswa kwezikhali Russian.

ukukhathazeka Western lakhula. Babengafuni khona eSoviet Union eMpumalanga Ephakathi. UMongameli Eisenhower wathembisa ukunikela isizo leemali kilabo Nasser ekwakhiweni we Aswan Idamu. Kodwa ngemva Umengameli waseGibhithe waqala ngokuthenga izikhali kusukela eyayinabantu baseCzechoslovakia Socialist Republic futhi osungulwe enobudlelwane neChina, uhulumeni wase-US wenqaba yayo. Ngenxa yalokho, Nasser wazithola yayisesimweni esingenathemba, njengoba iphrojekthi babekwazi kubangele ngokuwa bomnotho kuleli zwe. Ukuhlola simo, Umengameli waseGibhithe usephendukele izinyathelo kakhulu. Nasser wanquma kukahulumeni Suez Canal. Ngo-1956, ngomhla ka-July 26, uMongameli wamemezela ngesikhathi rally grand ukuthi isukela ukusungulwa izimali ngizoya ekwakheni lo Aswan Idamu. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi waqala ngenkuthalo ukuthuthukisa isimo esibucayi Suez.

Imisebenzi yezomnotho Nasser, sithwele imvelo wamavukelambuso, eyenziwa ngokumelene isizinda inqubomgomo wezempi we Umengameli waseGibhithe. Nasser asisekela lempi, waqala obala abathi ubuholi eMpumalanga Ephakathi. Maphakathi 1956 ngokusekelwa kwamiswa umyalo esihlanganisiwe kwezinhloko zamaviyo wakwa-Aram, Jordan neGibhithe. Saqala ukuba balungiselele impi no-Israyeli.

Suez crisis eshubisa. izenzo Nasser bakhathazekile eParis no-London. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ziqala ukuthatha ngezenzo intukuthelo, la mazwe abakwazi, njengoba ingazange ivumelane Melika.

Ngenxa yalokho, bakhula uhlelo imfihlo. essence yayo itholakala iqiniso ukuthi amasosha Israeli ehlasela indawo yaseGibhithe. NaseParis siyonikwa ukuba kuphele impi. Uma okungenani oyedwa wezihlobo enqaba, amabutho azihlanganisa (British nesiFulentshi) uyothatha izinyathelo ezifanele ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwe Suez Canal. Yaqala ukulungiswa ehlelekile for nokuqaliswa kwalo ngemva kokuvumela kohlelo.

Ukuhlaselwa kwaqala ngo-1965, ku-29 Okthoba. Ngo-November 5th wonke kwakuhlezi amasosha Israeli iSinayi Peninsula. Ngemva kwalokho waqala ukuhlasela asebenzayo, bombardments, ukufika.

Misa obumbi Suez ayengakwenza USSR. Novemba 5, uhulumeni wamaSoviet awuzange wayethumele amathelegramu ukuba Undunankulu wase-Israyeli, eFrance naseNgilandi. Bakhomba yokuthi impi yokulwa Nasser angaya Okwesithathu World, okungase kusetshenziswe kanye "rocketry". Ngakho, iSoviet Union akazange siqambe kungenzeka amandla ukuxazulula lolo dweshu. ESoviet Union wayekulungele ukuya izinyathelo kakhulu ukuze aqede obumbi Suez.

Ngenxa yalokho, ngo-November 8, yonke imisebenzi yempi kumisiwe.