Sirt Ukuphakama Imininingwane yegquma. Likuphi upland Jikelele Sirt?

Sirt Ingqikithi - kungcono plain awalethe ithafa-like, okuyinto abalale expanses Russia naseKazakhstan. Beka nakangaka yemifula eziningi. Kukhona amashumi imisuka emifuleni. Ukuqala egqumeni kubhekwa Kuyan-tau - Ukhahlamba osuka sifinyelela engenhla River Kama kwesobunxele yasebhange owumthelela White River.

Umsuka kwegama

Igama elithi "Sirt" kwenzeka ngezilimi ezimbili - Turkish nesiTatar. Ngo-Turkish kusho "amagquma, indunduma". Esikhathini Tatar ulimi yamanani ke kakhulu. Lapho esebenzisa leli gama ziyabonisa futhi ikamu yokhalo ongumlando vodopusk, vododerzhu kanye kweqa ngomqanso uhlukanisa umfula emkhonweni.

Igama lokuqala egameni indawo "Jikelele Sirt" has ezimbili izinguqulo umsuka. Ngokusho E. A. Eversmanna, igama elithi "vamile" Uvele kwesihloko, ngoba egqumeni ukuhlukanisa watersheds ezimbili. EM Murzaev uyaqiniseka ukuthi elithi "jikelele" enamathiselwe igama Sirt ngenxa izici ukusetshenziswa komhlaba endaweni.

Abantu isikhathi eside owakhiwe insimu yegquma. abalimi Russian futhi Kazakh belisebenzisa for kokudla ezweni. Eqinisweni, ezweni aphakeme emathafeni ayevamile ngoba Kazakhs futhi Russian. Yingakho igama lalowo igama lendawo - upland Jikelele Sirt.

Isikhundla ezindawo ka ezinkangala

Zisuka emoyeni ziqonde ezitshekile elula yasethafeni Orenburg esifundeni, Saratov futhi Samara izifunda. Yena wahlasela emazweni Kazakhstan futhi itholakala eningizimu Bugulma-Bebeley egqumeni. Empumalanga ethafeni inamagquma izungezwe Emathafeni empumalanga ye iVolga, lapho uhlaka Bezenchuk-Khvorostyanka. Yingakho izikhala zalo ukunweba ohlangothini mpumalanga cishe 500 amakhilomitha. Athatha endaweni phakathi Greater futhi Lesser Irgiz.

Ngo umngcele enyakatho emathafeni inamagquma iyangena emfuleni Samara. Esikhathini Orenburg esifundeni akhuphukela zindawo enyakatho yale ndawo kanti futhi juts nimkhiphele amanzi Kinel Amancane. Empumalanga, esifundeni insimu yalo ezifanelekile unyawo amabanga entabeni Urals Southern. Kusukela Rifey amagquma ahlukaniswe iqhubezela onezinwele ezimhlophe. Lapho kukhona Imininingwane Syrt Kwamanzi usike iVolga, lapho emikhulu uhlelo kudlala indima ongumlando imicengezi elise phakathi kwemifula emibili - iVolga futhi Ural.

Incazelo engxenyeni esentshonalanga egqumeni

Sirt ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye ezintathu - enyakatho, empumalanga nasentshonalanga. Emikhulu, ehlakazekile ecaleni lasempumalanga, ezikhulayo ukuphakama. The esiphezulu (405 metres) ubhekwa entabeni isiqongo Bear ebunzini (aka - Arapova amagquma). Lapha, kukhona ukuthambekela ukwandisa ebusweni asike izidumbu zabantu.

Syrty ise empumalanga kuya entshonalanga, isiqondiso, ziyehluka liphinyiselwe asymmetry ka nemithambeka. Eningizimu, zingabantu cool, futhi enyakatho, kunalokho, canopies. Watersheds maphakathi eziyize-izingxenye ziye zisuka emoyeni ziqonde ezitshekile ebusweni. interfluves Ngokusho yonkana ezindaweni Sheehan - Outliers oluyingungu.

Izici Syrt icala langasentla loba ngamawaka

Umbuso wasenyakatho ingxenye Syrt "isibambo" phakathi Big Kinel futhi Samara. Le ndawo ibukeka kanjani ikamu uhlelo interfluves unciphise nge emithambekeni engalingani. lamagquma itshe Ukuphakama ehla enyuka phakathi 220-300 amamitha. Iphuzu esiphezulu - Mount Cool. ukuphakama kwalo safinyelela uphawu 333 amamitha. Intaba-mlilo itholakala ephakathi kwemifula ezakhiwe nemingenela ezifana Small futhi Borovka Kinel.

Ingxenye yaso esentshonalanga egqumeni

Entshonalanga iketango flat-zisuka emoyeni ziqonde amagquma ezitshekile ubizwa ngokuthi Blue Sirt. Wazamukela lezo yokuqala eningizimu-ntshonalanga, welula enyakatho-mpumalanga kanye imizila ukuthi zilandisa Samara futhi Orenburg izifunda. amagquma okuphansi kwakhiwa sokuhlukanisa ngenxa Samara futhi Chagan. Ukuphakama esiphezulu (273 m) lapha e Grishkina ezintabeni.

Engamamitha isilinganiso Jikelele Syrt 190-240 amamitha. Ngakho-ke, ekuphakameni akuyona ubunjalo entabeni kweqiniso. izibazi eliphakeme siyintaba isiqongo Kuyan-tau. ukuphakama kwalo ingeqi 619 amamitha. Kusukela side igquma nje uthanda egqumeni elincane ithafa-like.

impumuzo

Syrt sekukonke has impumuzo isakhiwo zokulala-tiered nge Outliers. Esikhathini eningizimu sentaba kancane kancane kwehle futhi isicaba. Ngenxa yalokho, ithala kwesokudla yasebhange ye River Ural ngokushelela ahlanganisiwe nalo. Enhlabathini waphawula indawo latitudinal kwezakhiwo zomhlaba futhi welula e lapho imiphini itshe iTheyiphu esakha interfluves amamojuli wendlale zehlela eningizimu, lapho welula iCaspian umcengezi.

Entre Rios, zikleliswe ngalendlela, gcizelela asymmetry abukhali emfuleni izigodi. nezigodi ezijulile lafundzisela jikelele yena, ihlukaniswe ezinkangala amaningi emikhulu azilingani, okuyinto ukuletha morphology esiyingqayizivele.

Nemithambeka eningizimu kukhona emaweni, uma sinqunyiwe. Nemithambeka enyakatho athambile, eside, isingamakhilomitha amakhilomitha amaningi. ngezinyawo zabo kungabonakali uhlangane ne masimu ngenhla kwimfunda, kwakheka kwi ibhange kwesokunxele umcengezi emfuleni.

sici geological

Common Hill Syrt kwakheka kwi shales, marls, sandstones, limestones, shales, futhi wokulinganisa ezifakwa siltstone. I heterogeneity ka inhlabathi obumba impumuzo, abathintekayo ubunjalo sebeziqhumbuza ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi.

izindawo Northern nge clayey Marl esishintshashintshayo babe wabuka bushelelezi. Izindawo nge sandstones uvalwe eligoqiwe kuhluke imifanekiso sihlehliswe kakhulu. Surface ukryvshaya limestone, dissected nemihosha olugcwele futhi ikamu nakangaka.

Eningizimu, Jikelele Sirt eligoqiwe esiyisicaba ostantsevo-speed eMesophothamiya. Lapha entabeni izinkinga nosawoti-Dome ephathelene nokunyakaza kwezingqimba zomhlaba. Isimo sezwe kuyahluka athuthukile usawoti ezijulile namathempeli ngokhonkolo namatshe Karst, babe imbangela ukwehluleka nisin olunzulu flat ayimigodi phansi etincenyeni letehlukene egqumeni.

Ezindaweni lapho kukhona izinsalela upland watersheds ezinkulu embondelene quartzite perforated, asebenza ngebhethri sandstones futhi conglomerates. Ngezinye ethafeni isigqugquzeli kwakhiwa izinqubo eolian.