Sami umuzana Murmansk esifundeni: izithombe, izibuyekezo, ukuvakasha

ERussia kukhona izizwe eziningi ezincane, okuyinto ngisho ngenkathi kwembulunga yonke, wakwazi ukugcina ubuntu babo. Akhulekela amasiko abo, namanje baqhubeke bekhulekela onkulunkulu efanayo oyise, kukhona yokuphila kakhulu acwebile. Omunye yalezi zizwe kukhona Sami, abahlala eNhlonhlweni Kola. Njalo izivakashi unyaka uze lapha abavela kulo lonke elase ukubazi naleli qembu yobuhlanga emangalisayo. esidumile is a real Sami umuzana Murmansk esifundeni, lapho kukhona Museum, "Sam syyt". Lapha ngiyisho nokuthi ukubonisa real indlela Sami baphile. Izivakashi uzothola eziningi ezithakazelisayo

Bobani Sami

Sami - abantu kancane, okuqondene iqembu Finno-Ugric abantu. Abameleli beNdikimba Sami abahlala emazweni amane - Russia, Finland, Sweden and Norway. Inani labantu emhlabeni 50 000 abantu, kodwa bambalwa kakhulu eRussia - esingaphansi ayizinkulungwane ezimbili. Bona bahlala ikakhulu yonke iNhlonhlo Kola. Ukuze umphakathi jikelele edume kunazo emzaneni Sami ku Murmansk esifundeni, lapho izivakashi zendawo abamenyiwe lapho zokuhlala zendabuko ifakwe ukukhonza izivakashi.

Imvelaphi ahlobene abantu

Njengoba sekushiwo, amaSami babe nezihlobo angomakhelwane emazweni aseScandinavia. Bazibiza Sami (sam) ukuthi has a lot ukwenzani ukuqokwa kwe-Finnish Suomi (suomi). Ezikhathini zasendulo, lwamaSlav wababiza Lapps. Ethnologists zithi kusukela leli gama iphutha lokulidolobha laseLapland. Yini ebaluleke kungaba izwi manje, ngeshwa, akwaziwa. Omunye izinguqulo liwuphawu abantu abahlala kude, njengoba Lappe e-Finnish futhi isi-Estonia kusho "ezikude", lo "zokugcina".

Ukukhuluma abakhileyo la mazwe zitholakala Umlando we abahambi ekhulwini XVI.

Ekuqaleni Russian Geographical Society uhambo XX leminyaka kuze kube selizweni esikhulu Saami ukutadisha ukuphila, isiko kanye umsuka leli qembu yobuhlanga lalihlelekile. Ngo-1927, ososayensi yaya ukuthola lapho emzaneni Sami itholakala. Esikhathini Murmansk ndawo babekhuthele izinto eziningana ezinjalo. kokuma zakhe eyakhupha. ulwazi oluyigugu kakhulu ngabantu yabuthelwa. Engxenyeni ekhulwini XX yesibili kwathiwa ngisho eshicilelwe Sami yezinganekwane, ebhaliwe evela amazwi Sami nje isikhathi sokuba lo uhambo ethnographic.

Ukuthola lapho

Sami umuzana Murmansk esifundeni itholakala ezijulile eNhlonhlweni Kola, futhi ukufika kulo kungaba imoto. Okokuqala, udinga fly (noma ukushayela isitimela) ukuze Murmansk futhi ukusuka lapho ngemoto emgwaqweni ecaleni ukuze sihambe ngendlela Petersburg. Sisuka emgwaqweni omkhulu udinga ngiphendukele kolunye ka Revda futhi Lovozero. Qaphela: naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi umgwaqo kusukela asphalt onguthelawayeka, izinga enamathela mediocre kakhulu, ngakho udinga ukushayela ngokucophelela. Abantu abaningi bakhetha oda itekisi, njengoba bonke abashayeli bendawo bazi lapho emzaneni Sami itholakala. Murmansk esifundeni mikhulu, kodwa uzulazule kunjengoba nje izikhombo ngokwanele ukuba kungeke kulahleke. Endleleni eya Sami ukubukwa okukhulu yesimo elibuhlungu, kodwa olunothile kakhulu.

Umlando Sami

Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi leli Saami ziyizizukulwane zika izizwe endulo esezinzile lezi zindawo. Kukhona zemihla ubufakazi bokuthi abahlala Karelia abantu abanokhahlo enyakatho amasiko ekhethekile kanye namasiko. Okhokho balezi bendawo zasendulo ngisho kwesokunxele imidwebo phezu kwamadwala. Ngesikhathi kumbiwa izinsalela amathuluzi lasendulo, zazo ezazenziwe itshe atholakele.

Abanye abacwaningi baye bacabanga ukuthi Sami ngandlela-thile kukhona izihlobo ezizwe South laseSiberia. Lokhu kuboniswa eziningi ukufana ngezilimi futhi ukubukeka. Mhlawumbe uma lezi zizwe bahlala ndawonye, kodwa ngenxa yezizathu asiyazi ihlukaniswe: ezinye seziphelile, kanti isixuku esikhulu wakhetha ukuhlala. Manje endleleni yabo yokuphila ekutshela yesizukulwane kuphela Sami umuzana Murmansk esifundeni, noma kunalokho abakhileyo kulo.

izinkolelo zenkolo

Sami babedabuka yobuqaba. Lezi zinkolelo Ziningi ukwenzani ngokuphawulekayo izinkolelo Sami eScandinavia, kodwa has izici zayo siqu.

I Saami lwezinhlangano ezingathandwa ezibhekwa ukudoba enamandla kakhulu futhi inkolo yokhokho. Ngamunye izinhlobo ukudoba - ngokudoba, ukuzingela kanye reindeer - inezidingo umoya eseduze kwayo, esivikela ezifweni futhi kusiza ukusebenza. Yande umhlatshelo wesilwane ukushweleza emimoyeni futhi ukuqinisekisa umusa wabo.

I ovelele kakhulu iyona nokukhulekela abezimu. Kukholakala ukuthi abafileyo baqhubeke besiza izihlobo zabo ephilayo, ngisho kuthinte isimo sezulu kanye ukusiza ngenkathi ukuzingela noma ukudoba. Ngenxa yoko baphambi cajoled efile, besashisa ukudla.

Okwamanje, cishe wonke Sami - amaKristu. Nokho rites waphikelela u-Adalberto isikhathi eside. Manje yenziwa kuphela ukuzijabulisa zezivakashi abafuna mathupha ukuthola ukuthi ikuphi uhlala Sami umuzana Murmansk esifundeni. Izithombe izenzakalo ezinjalo njalo elikhanyayo, yokuqala, ezimibalabala.

Amaholide kazwelonke kanye namasiko

Omunye amazing kunazo amaholide kazwelonke Sami Bear Imidlalo - "Mnumzane Tall" e Sami. Ezikhathini zasendulo, amaSami omunye isilo ohlonishwa kakhulu kwaba nebhere. Wayehlonishwa, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo wayemesaba. Ekupheleni kwekhulu XX ngesinqumo National Cultural Centre Cyr Tall lavuselelwa. I iholide eyenziwe ukuzingela bear, futhi imicimbi yezemidlalo aphethwe phakathi Sami ngesibindi emincanyana.

Futhi savuka isiko Sami ehlobo imidlalo. Lo mcimbi kufaka mkhosi ububanzi nge abaculi abantu abadansi. Ungaqiniseka ukuthi kule misebenzi iye ematasa Sami umuzana Murmansk esifundeni. Izibuyekezo kanye nemigqondo izethameli ke ukuhlala kuphela omuhle kakhulu.

UMkhandludolobha uphinde iphatha yonyaka Olenegorske umkhosi Sami umculo. lalihlelekile okokuqala ngo-1996. Lezi zenzakalo nabo babehileleke Sami emzaneni. Esikhathini Murmansk esifundeni. It has zonke izimo ukubonisa yonke inkazimulo yayo abantu ukuphila namasiko abantu bendawo abo. Sami, efana eminyakeni eminingi edlule, thunga izingubo zabo siqu futhi izingubo, kodwa manje ukusebenza.

Evulekile Museum "Sam syyt"

Muva nje eziningi udumo ngazuza Museum "Sam syyt", lapho wonke umuntu kungaba bajwayelane ukuphila namasiko Sami. Kukhona uhambo njalo ngomzana Lappish. Murmansk esifundeni - esifundeni kuphela lapho Sami ethulwa ngesiRashiya.

Lapha emgwaqeni imifanekiso sokhuni Sami izithombe. Kuthiwa ukugcwalisa isifiso ezithandwayo zezingoma kuyadingeka ukuba bamukele esifanekisweni, ukuhlebeza kanye nesifiso placate uhlamvu lwemali yakhe ophuzi. Sami bakholelwa ngobuqotho ukuthi le ukuxhumana imimoya isize ekuxazululeni izinkinga ngokucindezela.

Ukwahlulela ukubuyekezwa, izakhamuzi ujabulele zoo amancane, equkethe nezilwane yomdabu yeNhlonhlo Kola: izimpungushe enyakatho okwesibhakabhaka, izimpungushe nonogwaja. Lesi sakamuva ngokuvamile ukuhamba nge emzaneni bebodwa. reindeer yangempela futhi baphile khona. Izivakashi ayadingeka ukuze kuboniswe bese utshela ngokuningiliziwe ngalezi zilwane ezimangalisayo owasiza ngesikhathi yakubo ikwazi ukuphila indoda ezinzima kwemvelo. Baze zingadla, kuphumele injabulo njalo izingane. Futhi abadala, nahlulele by ukubuyekezwa, namanje ngaphansi umbono wokuxhumana ubuhle esihle. Endaweni reindeer umalusi ukulungele kuse sikhuluma ngezimfanelo zawo, okuyizinto ngempela ezinokuthula futhi nhlobo ukwesaba abantu.

Emigwaqweni emzaneni kukhona kuvaksy - ekhaya kazwelonke, lapho Sami wahlala futhi uvikelekile ezintweni sezulu. Izivakashi bathi ngaphambilini Akuzange kubonwe okunje ukuthi Nokho, Kucacile. Kodwa ungase ubone kulolu akubi kancane ezithakazelisayo.

ukuzijabulisa

Ukuze izivakashi abeze lapha, ngipheka eziningi zokuzijabulisa kanye nemisebenzi. Lapha ungakwazi ukujabulela bendabuko Sami ukudla - inyamazane eyosiwe ngomlilo. Ngokwe-izivakashi, kuba isidlo esihlwabusayo kakhulu futhi flavorful elanelisa ngokuphelele indlala emva ukuhlolwa Sami ezibonakalayo. Futhi lokho banomuzwa kujabule ugibele a isihlibhi wezinyamazane! Kuyinto engenakwenzeka bewuhlathulule ngamagama, wena nje ukuwuzwa.

Spring Lake has "Eziyisikhombisa Sami okhiye" eduze emzaneni. Naye futhi axhunyiwe elalenziwa ekhethekile: udinga ukuya, ugeze, aphonse in a lake uhlamvu lwemali futhi siyabonga umoya echibini ngomoya wabo wokungenisa izihambi. Kungenzeka ukubhukuda, uma isimo sezulu sivuma.