Rolling roll: incazelo, ukukhiqizwa ubuchwepheshe kanye izitshalo

Metallurgy - omunye amagatsha main zokukhiqiza yesimanje. Siyabonga kubo isabelomali isimo kukhona ezinkulukazi notshwala zezimali, ngenxa steel nensimbi imikhiqizo, njengoba umthetho, kuba ukuthekelisa futhi yakha zangaphandle nomholo kokubili simila nesitshalo kanye izwe. Zikhona izitshalo ezihlukahlukene Metallurgical, umjikelezo kuyimfanelo ongase ube ephelele noma olungaphelele. Kodwa noma kunjalo, esigabeni sokugcina sokuncibilikisa umjikelezo kuyoba metal-rolling ukuze bathole iphrofayela wazifunela umthengi. Kungenxa Mills ugingqe ukukhiqiza imishayo, iziteshi, komzila nokuningi. Izakhi eziyisisekelo iyiphi esigayweni rolling usuke edonsa imiqulu. Metallurgical izitshalo eziyinkimbinkimbi ngaphandle kwabo engacabangeki, ngakho imiqulu ozokhuluma ngokuningiliziwe kulesi sihloko.

incazelo jikelele

metal asongwe - ukuhlinzwa kunalokho xaka, amandla ukusebenzisa futhi kudinga amakhono akhethekile ulwazi kwabasebenzi. Kokucindezela indaba, okwenza roll elendlalekile, uvumela ukufinyelela ezithile kusetshenzwe iphrofayela osayizi. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi imiqulu ngokuhamba umsebenzi wabo ukusithatha umzamo umxhwele ukuthi inqubo yonke ugingqe umugqa kwenzeka ngqo. Yingakho umqulu kweqa - iningi egqoke izingxenye iyiphi esigayweni rolling.

Izingxenye kanye Izici

Zonke imiqulu isigayo ube izingxenye ezintathu ezisemqoka, kuhlanganise:

• Wemigqomo roll. Lokho kuba ukuxhumana ngqo ukucutshungulwa red-hot, futhi equliswa metal. Ngo umgqomo kukhona ezimbili eziyinhloko komugqa ipharamitha - ubude (L) futhi ububanzi (OD).
• Wesibeletho (amabombo) - esisogwini izinhlangothi umgqomo futhi lonke phezu amabombo roller. Futhi elinesimo obuphelele kanye ububanzi.
• Shayela sekupheleni.

Ukuze imiqulu-kwesigaba isigayo izinkomba ezisemqoka: enobubanzi obungu, Turners ububanzi futhi ubukhulu ukusebenza. Kulezo zimo lapho roll kweqa isetshenziselwa Ukujikeleza esebenzisa jikelele uhlobo lokuphotha, drive yayo ukuphela kuzothatha ifomu izindwani noma isilinda. Buka engu- drive ukuphela ukube Ukujikeleza roller zitholakala ngezincwadi amaqembu (umuntu kumelwe elihlangana Intermediate).

Imiqulu ngoba ishidi iphuma

imiqulu Ishidi ukwakha, ukukhiqizwa kwanoma yiziphi - inqubo kunalokho kukhathaza, ugingqe wenziwa tape emapheshana. Umgqomo imiqulu efana abushelelezi kwakheka umumo cylindrical is.

Isigaba ugingqe imiqulu esetshenziswa ukwenziwa impahla okwenyanga okungenzeka noma isiyingi noma isikwele cross-section (I-imishayo, engele).

Barrel imiqulu ukwenza ayizindunduma kancane, uma ahloselwe ugingqe abandayo seshidi iphuma metal. Kwezinye izimo, le ashisayo ugingqe ukugoqa lidlulisele umumo ngilugweda. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngesikhathi ukunyakazisa metal roll umzimba kuyothiwa ukufuthelana futhi isiqondise.

Rolls imikhiqizo eside

Umgqomo imiqulu efana has kude ekhethekile (ukusakaza), okuyinto iphrofayela kamuva okuphindaphindiwe iphuma metal. Brooks pair of imiqulu ngesikhathi kuhlangana phakathi lesikali bakha. Ubude umgqomo ezihlukahlukene ezinamasondo luncike ububanzi iphuma umkhiqizo kanye Samandla izimo.

imiqulu Primal libhekene enobubanzi obungu yobude emgqonyeni. Nokho, uma ekamu has a lot of zezitsha ezehlukene kanye ububanzi we ezinamasondo, okuyizona iyona ubukhulu umqulu kokuphothula esigayweni.

Ngu aphoyintimenti varietal imiqulu zihlukaniswe ngale ndlela:

• Ukuze esindayo roughing esigayweni.
• Ukuze krupnosortovyh futhi esigayweni rolling.
• Srednesortovogo ngomvuzo.
• Melkosortovogo ngomvuzo.
• Ukuze wire Mills.
• Ukuze shtriposvyh Mills.

Ukusakaza baphotha

ukukhiqizwa Modern imiqulu njengenye yezindlela esemqoka indlela ekubunjweni centrifugal. Le ndlela eqolo, kodwa ivumela uphenduke ngokugcwele ebusweni esiphezulu elingaphandle isakhiwo sensimbi, elisemnyango roll ukusebenza. indlela enjalo yokuhlaziya isimo singase sinyuse kakhulu ukuphila umkhiqizo.

Ukuze le ndlela, umshini ekhethekile esetshenziswa kokuba eksisi evundla ka ukujikeleza centrifugal isikhunta ekusakazeni. Ifomu ngokwayo ogibele ukwesekwa ezinamasondo. I ezinamasondo drive zixhunywe ukuze ukujikeleza ngokugcwele ukuhlinzeka inqubo ukuvumelanisa. Esisogwini roller phezulu has a isihlobo ukuphepha imvume ukuze usebe kweqa isikhunta uqobo. Ukuncela kunyakaza phakathi ezinamasondo futhi ihabhu kukhona pads. vibration encishisiwe yawo eguquguqukayo ifomu aqede Amathuba ukuthola umshado.

imiqulu zokulingisa indlela centrifugal kwenziwa kusukela elixutshiwe kakhulu cast iron. Ngo uzungeza mpo-eksisi obandayo ababunjiwe yayo, kwenkululeko okuyinto ngaphakathi 95% umthamo isamba ungqimba zokusebenza umqulu.

Izinzuzo elingenakuphikwa asakazwe centrifugal yilezi:

• Ukunikeza high density umqulu.
• Ukwandisa ukuthi ukuhlala phakade roll.
• Ukungabi bikho amagobolondo, agcwalise, inclusions nonmetallic, slag.

UKWAKHA indlela

Lena indlela esibiza kakhulu ukukhiqizwa imiqulu, okuyinto kunjalo ivumela qinisa esiphezulu lonke ngokuphelele umzimba roll. Lokhu kakhulu ngcono ukuthembeka futhi ihlala isikhathi eside.

Nokwakhiwa kakhulu esifanayo wenziwa kolayini ngokuzenzakalela ekhethekile aklanywa futhi akhiwe usebenzisa izinto zobuchwepheshe obuphambili. I ukujiya zalamaqembu.I kungenzeka kuze 150 MN.

Etholwe ngale ndlela is avame ukusetshenziswa imiqulu ukuqhakaza futhi slabbing nesigaba Mills. Lezi ezinamasondo steel abe Coefficient friction okwamanje ukuxhumana workpiece iphuma. Lokhu ehilelekile kubaluleke kakhulu zezitsha ngezinga eliphezulu lokwehliswa.

Ngu uqobo, UKWAKHA kuhilela izinyathelo ezilandelayo:

• Billetirovku ingot.
• Okusalungiswa.
• Ukuqala.
• Ekwakheni usayizi Forgings.

Imiqulu ngemva ekwakheni ukucutshungulwa kuhilela ukuphathwa eziyinkimbinkimbi ukushisa, esigabeni sokugcina okuyinto ngempela kukhona ebusweni ukuqina futhi tempering.

ukukhiqizwa titanium

Namuhla, eRussia phakathi kwamazwe elawula emakethe emhlabeni steel futhi Alloys. Ngakho-ke, ukudalwa izingxenye nezingxenye ngemboni Metallurgical kuleli zwe unikezwa igunya eliphakeme. Ikakhulu, i-Magnitogorsk Plant imiqulu - omunye wabaholi ekukhiqizeni mikhiqizo.

Ngo-July 2016 ngesikhathi isitshalo, entsha ephezulu ukusebenza coreless ezaqaliswa lokungeniswa amaziko. Lezi imishini zobuchwepheshe ukuvumela ukukhiqiza Alloys eziyinkimbinkimbi, ukwehlisa inani ophethe idliwe ferroalloys. Ukwehla ukusetshenziswa kukagesi kuyoba-10%. Imodi Ukuqeda kungaba kwenziwe nge imvamisa 250 Hz, kanye yokuqedela futhi eshukumisayo - nge imvamisa 125 Hz. Libuye ukuhambisana ezibaluleke kwemvelo: nokwehlisa kwekhabhoni ayingozi la amaziko kwenzeka izikhathi 2.6.

Ngokuvamile, Urals, inkampani njalo linikeza emakethe nemikhiqizo yayo imiqulu kanye ngenkuthalo ekuthuthukiseni manje.

Sverdlovsk giant

Singeke singazinaki Kushvinsky isitshalo kweqa imiqulu. imikhiqizo yayo zonke izinhlobo imiqulu, amabhandishi ngabo. Imiqulu ibhizinisi isigayo ekhiqizwa usebenzisa izinto ezifana ngenxa ungqimba zokusebenza, ezifana:

• Indefinit.
• Indefinit, ngcono carbides ekhethekile.
• -chrome High cast iron.
• steel High-chromium.
• isivinini steel okuphezulu.

Wesibeletho kanye core ishidi ugingqe imiqulu akhishwe insimbi eliqinile le kakhulu.

Rolls sesigaba ugingqe Izigayo zisekelwe pearlite futhi bainitic elixutshiwe yensimbi inkatho ne-graphite nodular noma ifomu lamellar.

abakhiqizi Ukrainian

E-Ukraine, kunezinhlobo ezintathu ibhizinisi main ukwenziwa imiqulu: laseDnepropetrovsk, Lutuginsky Novokramatorsky izitshalo kanye imiqulu kweqa.

Dnipro isitshalo has ehlukahlukene yasakazwa kabanzi ka ukukhiqizwa imiqulu, hhayi kuphela ngoba umkhakha kodwa nezezinye izimboni. Isikhathi esining impela, inkampani isebenza okwesikhathi ikhasimende ethile, yokuxhuma Ochwepheshe yayo abaqeqeshiwe ezivela eMnyangweni lobuchwepheshe ukudala ezihlukahlukene imidwebo onobuhle imiqulu entsha.

Lungakagqashuki nempi Donbas ku-2014 kweqoqo engcono njalo lifaka Lutuginsky isitshalo ugingqe imiqulu. imikhiqizo yayo kungukuthi kuphela ukuswela konke amabhizinisi Metallurgical Ukraine, kodwa futhi emazweni amaningi eduze phesheya naseYurophu. Nokho, empini kwaholela eqinisweni ukuthi isitshalo licima. Wahlupheka futhi fixed assets ibhizinisi. Nokho ngo-2015-ke wakwazi uqalise inkampani, futhi namuhla uqalile ukuthola oda kusukela Russian Federation.

Ukulawula izinga eshelela

Esikhathini ukukhiqizwa zonke olulodwa ugingqe roll compulsorily udabula lobuchwepheshe ukulawula izinga ukukhiqizwa yayo. Ngokukhethekile ikhokhelwa ukuze:

• I chemical ukubunjwa starting impahla.
• Ukuhlaziya isakhiwo sale impahla umkhiqizo (roll).
• ukuhlaziywa centric kanye geometry.
• Control degree of nobulukhuni ungqimba zokusebenza umqulu.
• Control degree of maholoholo we ebusweni zokusebenza.
• Ukuhlaziya isakhiwo se-ungqimba ebusweni metal.

nokupakisha

Zonke imiqulu isigayo (izimboni esikhiqiza kubo, babe ezifanele izitifiketi izinga) ezilethwa ikhasimende iphasela ekhethekile. Lokhu emaphaketheni ngokuvamile amabhokisi sokhuni nge lumangaza, okuyinto ezibekwe ngaphakathi ezinamasondo kanye izakhi clamping awashintsheki ngokuqinile. Packaging abakhiqizi esitsheni nazo ukulalelisisa, ngoba Looseness umqulu kanye nokuntuleka Ukuvikelwa esanele ukuthi isisebenzi kanye kokwehla evele kwemikhiqizo ezimbonini bungase buholele imiphumela engemihle endabeni izinga imiqulu.

isiphetho

imiqulu Owenza, kuxoxwa ngazo ukukhiqizwa ubuchwepheshe ukuthi ngokuningiliziwe ngenhla, nomthelela obalulekile kwi okuholela imikhiqizo sekupheleni ngosizo lwabo. Ngakho-ke, abakhiqizi omhlaba anothile of rolling ukukhokhela ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ukuze lesi sici. ikhanda ngalinye ibhizinisi Metallurgical wazi kahle ukuthi isimo lobuchwepheshe wokugaya sisonke kanye imiqulu entandweni ethile kakhulu zincike inzuzo yokugcina wonke ekukhiqizeni.