Phambili inqubekelaphambili yomphakathi nenqubo yayo

Emphakathini bakudala, intuthuko kwezenhlalo kakhulu slow, izinguquko ngelulwa ngezizukulwane. Izinguquko ezisobala kakhulu babonakala e emkhakheni wezepolitiki (ekuguquleni kweluhlelo lwahulumende ngalokuyimphumelelo, ukugqilazwa abantu).

Ubunjalo besintu ngokwesisekelo bafise ukulungisa umthamo wabo futhi isenzo ukuhamba emhlabeni wonke. On the umqondo kwenchubekelembili baqala ukucabanga zefilosofi zezwe lasendulo, okwakubizwa ngokuthi i ngakho elithi "intuthuko", kusukela ephansi kuya ephakeme, ukusuka kokulula kuya kokulukhuni (encwadini yomShumayeli). KaPlato no-Aristotle wayekholelwa ukuthi intuthuko kwezenhlalo iyisici eziyinkimbinkimbi.

imicabango Okokuqala mayelana isiqondiso ekuphileni kwaso sonke isintu eze ubuKristu basungulwa. Igama elithi uvele Age of Ukukhanyiselwa. Naye emsebenzini wakhe futhi wasebenzisa A.R.Tyurgo A.Kondorse. Ngesikhathi esifanayo nenqubo ye intuthuko kwezenhlalo zonke sefilosofi sazi waqonda ngezindlela ezahlukene. Nakancane sezenhlalo A.Sen-Simon, umbandela eyinhloko intuthuko okuthiwa ukuziphatha; Hegel - ukuqaphela wenkululeko zabo; F.V.Shelling - ukuthuthukiswa zomthetho; Marx - ukuthuthukiswa amabutho ithele nobudlelwane bokuhlalisana. Nokho, nenqubo efana nokuthuthukisa ithekhnoloji, inkululeko, amalungelo, intuthuko kwezenhlalo kanye nomnotho ngomqondo, lingaphelele. Ukwakha isithombe avumelanayo imiqondo le kuyadingeka synthesize, kusukela injongo eyinhloko ekukhuleni komphakathi ngcono yonke-round wokuphila e yayo yonke into kungenzeka futhi kumiswa abantu njengabantu - free, enobuntu zokudala.

intuthuko Social akuyona inqubo esebenza ngendlela eyodwa. Reform nokuvukela esikhundleni zokumelana, isikhathi umsebenzi - inkathi yokujama tsi, usizi kanye nezikhathi ezijabulisayo. Zonke izenzakalo okuqhubekayo babe izici zayo ezingezinhle: ekusungulweni kobuchwepheshe bokuthuthukisa kuhlotshaniswa kwengozi nempilo yabantu, ukwanda kokukhiqizwa ngeke akwenze ngaphandle abalimala nokuhlupheka kwabantu.

Abanye abacwaningi ukuphumula phezu kwesisekelo sokuthi ukuvulwa umbandela main kungase kubhekwe njengokwelapha amabutho lomphakathi eliwusizo, okuholela impikiswano yonke indaba waqala futhi ukhona nokwakha ukuziphendukela kwaso. Enye ingxenye abalobi ukholelwa ukuthi ezingeni yentuthuko amabutho ithele kunzima ukuqhathanisa ngoba abantu ehlukene, ngoba ubuhlobo esithuthuke kabanzana bangase babe izinga aphansi.

Uma siqhathanisa Dynamics zabo, ukuthi kukhona ubunzima kwesikhathi Ukukhetha ukuqhathanisa. Ngakho-ke, leli qembu ucwaningo ukhetha njengoba main umbandela yokukhiqiza indlela. I-agumenti salokhu ukuthi isisekelo inqubekela phambili ukuthuthukiswa mode zokukhiqiza, okuyinto, ngokuhlanganiswa ukukhula amabutho ithele kanye nobudlelwane bemvelo kusiza ukukhombisa kangcono ezingeni yentuthuko kwesihlobo abahlele omunye.

Nokho, kulesi simo, ingabe le nkinga yokunquma progressiveness of imodi entsha zokukhiqiza. Iqembu wesithathu ososayensi uhlongoza njengoba umbandela ukuthatha inhlanganisela degree of ukuthuthukiswa amabutho ithele nenkululeko emphakathini. Kodwa lezi zinto kukhona ngaphakathi esingalingani, okwenza kube abasengozini, Uma unganakile, umbandela elilungile kakhulu.

Iqembu wesine abacwaningi ukholelwa ukuthi umbandela eyisisekelo intuthuko - ukuthuthukiswa yomuntu ngokwakhe (amakhono akhe, ukuthambekela namabutho ngabanye). Ngempela, indlela umphakathi owakheke ngayo ivela kuphela ngokuthuthukisa abantu ngubani ukuqamba it.

Namuhla, intuthuko kwezenhlalo aqondwe njengokufaka indlela yokuthuthuka kanye ukuphila kohlanga lwesintu, okuyinto libhekene izinguquko ezingenakuhlehliswa kuzo zonke izici zokuphila, lapho kukhona ushintsho esimweni elula eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi eyinkimbinkimbi. abalobi abaningi bayavuma ukuthi umphakathi liyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu i umzimba, ukuthuthukiswa okuyinto kolayini abaningana. Ngakho-ke, ukukhuluma mayelana nenqubomgomo eyodwa akukho emthethweni.

Ngakho, ngaleso sikhathi ngakho akukho impendulo yombuzo othi kanjani ukuba sikuqonde intuthuko kwezenhlalo kanye nenqubo yayo, lokho kuwumgogodla eyinhloko isimiso lwesintu.