Subculture: uhlu kusukela A to Z, futhi umthelela wabo emphakathini. subculture kwentsha: punk, emo subculture, njll US nase-USSR.

Subculture zabantu abasha zanamuhla umphakathi libhekene siqu imithetho yayo ekhethekile futhi babe umfutho yabo nentuthuko. Intsha zihluke kakhulu ukuba nombono ongafani ngeke yayo, isimo kanye imikhuba. Ngo inqubo ukuzazi bazama ukuba zibone indawo yazo ekuphileni, ukucacisa nezinhloso kanye baziqonde bona ngokwabo. Kaningi, kuseshwa kuholele ezinkingeni ngempela ezibucayi ezifana ukuluthwa utshwala kwentsha kanye nokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa ekuseni. Ngakho-ke, ithonya nemikhutshana kuleso ku intsha ingenye ukukhathazeka eziphuthuma kakhulu ezithinta ngamunye umzali.

ngezici ezinhle nezimbi yethonya nemikhutshana kuleso

I yamuva eziyimpumelelo luye lwabonisa ukuthi abantu abaningi abasha iziveze ilungu subculture ethile. Kule ngxenye ebusheni kakhulu ukuthonywa nemikhutshana kuleso okulandelanayo, okungase kube kokubili emihle nemibi. Esimweni sokuqala, intsha uthole kudingekile ukuphila emphakathini, amakhono okuhlalisana, kanti eyesibili - uthole izinga ngawo inkampani izama ngazo zonke izindlela ukulwa.

nemikhutshana kuleso Teenage ukusiza intsha bona izifiso zabo bese ukuzivumelanisa omdala futhi ukuphila ezimele. Kodwa kukhona izici ezimbi njengalezi unya amaqembu abantu athize. Ngokwesibonelo, izigilamkhuba ezahlukene kanye nobuhlanga kuthiwa, ngezimfundiso zabo, ukuba benze izenzo obugebengu abantu bezinye izizwe. Kubo, e ukuziphatha okunjalo lutho emthethweni, futhi ngenxa yalokho abaqondi ukuthi bazi ukuthi banesibophezelo izenzo ukoniwa. Kulokhu, lo subculture amantombazane abe nomthelela omubi isimo sabo, bemisa esizukulwaneni esisha kunomunye amalungu omphakathi.

ezihlukahlukene nemikhutshana kuleso

Yonke imiphakathi osemusha khona hhayi kuphela imithetho yayo siqu zokuziphatha, nezimiso okudinga ukubukeka ezithile. Ngamunye intsha imisinga kungaba ukwethusa umphakathi omdala ukubhoboza eziningi, engavamile izinwele umbala, isitayela ongavamile izingubo, izesekeli. Kaningi, ukungavumelani phakathi kwabazali nentsha kuphakama ngokunembile ngenxa yalesi simo. Abantu abasha ungathandi ukuba kwaphazamiseka ezimpilweni zabo siqu, futhi abazali abafuna ingane yabo akazange ame esixukwini.

Subculture abasebenzi abasha - Teddy-umfana

iqembu-Teddy intsha Social Boys kwamiswa 50s ekuseni ngenxa ngcono eyisihlobo izindinganiso zokuphila isigaba sabasebenzi. Lokhu subculture intsha yathi chithi saka esikhathini ngemva kwempi babegqoka inzalo isigaba sabasebenzi nge imfundo akuphelele ephakeme futhi akudingeki umsebenzi oholela kahle. isitayela yabo kukhotshelwe kusukela yokugqoka ukuziphatha amalungu kwezakhi ephakeme emphakathini. In the version zakudala we "Tedd" lalithé: ibhulukwe-amapayipi, ibhantshi okuxekethile nobuhlobo velvet collar, uthayi-string nezicathulo nge platform zenjoloba. Isithombe kwaba owesilisa ejwayelekile, naphezu ubuhle bayo.

Abameleli beNdikimba Teddy-umfana babelwela onzima ukuwanakekela baye wadala isimo "okusezingeni eliphezulu", kodwa engase iphenduke imbangela ukungqubuzana oluvelayo neminye imikhakha yomphakathi. Ngokwesibonelo, kwakukhona itholene phezulu namabutho abami kahle intsha kuhlaselwa elite intsha amakilabhu. Sekube ukuhlaselwa abokufika.

izigaba Subculture afanelekayo isigaba sabasebenzi - Fashion

Iqembu Mods absented ngokwami intsha ngemva kokuthweswa iziqu kahle amakhono adinga ezingeni lelisetulu ukulungela ukusebenza. Empeleni, i ekahle imfashini umuzwa kwadingeka betamasa, ukuba babe khona eMhlanganweni ehlonishwa futhi kuyabiza amakilabhu, zokudlela kanye nezitolo, begqoke into ebiza kakhulu. Kodwa ukuze anelise eziningi ezinjalo ke akatholakalanga, ngakho ungase uzame kuphela lokuphinda umzimba kanokusho. Kukhona izinhlobo ezine Mods:

1. uhlobo Aggressive jeans kanye amabhuzu anolaka.
2. Abanikazi Scooters, futhi, jeans nebhantshi nge hood.
3. Fashion amasudi kanye nezicathulo ophucuziwe eyabangela iningi amalungu alesi subculture. Bhala aphelele imfashini intombazane, anolaka ababukeka nezinwele ezimfishane.
4. Abafundi yobuciko ezikoleni, abafundi njalo njalo.

Subculture - rockers

Rockers uvele 60s maphakathi. Leli qembu lalinabashumayeli ikakhulukazi intsha ngaphandle imfundo noma kwemikhaya. Izimfanelo eyinhloko abomdabu lokhu subculture abe nebhantshi lesikhumba, jeans bakhathale, izicathulo enkulu emangelengele, ayesebenza emuva nezinwele ezinde futhi emzimbeni. Yiqiniso, i-rocker ngaphandle esibalulekile ezinjalo, njengoba isithuthuthu. A indawo ekhethekile rockers subculture ihlanganisa umculo isitayela idwala.

Izigilamkhuba noma x Kanye West

Amalungu aleli qembu kanye rockers, okungcono aphume naphakathi ongaphakeme ngekhono ezingeni wezisebenzi. Phakathi kwabo, abaningi kwabahlaba abangasebenzi, kahle abafundile ezingeni eliphansi kwamasiko. Izigilamkhuba abangu esakhiwe jeans phansi, amabhuzu enkulu okwe waphucula ikhanda Bald. Ngu x Kanye West ngqo eduze football ungumgulukudu. Lemibiko nemikhutshana kuleso azifane kakhulu ukwakheka kwezenhlalo. Ziyakwazi ukuziphatha united futhi ngibe nodlame, isibonelo, exhunywe ne football umentshisi.

subculture amapunk

Leli qembu ikakhulu lalinabashumayeli intsha imikhakha ongaphakeme-onekhono futhi ephansi ikhokhwe sabantu. Isimo esibucayi sabantu abasha kuye kwaholela ukuvela kwalesi subculture. Uhlu izinhlangano, ehlanganisa amalungu kabi abafundile omphakathi wajoyina amapunk. Eyeqisayo yaleli qembu ziye eduze zithandelana enolaka self-ukugomela, kodwa ngaphandle kwalokho, punk style ngokuyinhloko esekelwe ukubukwa ngokumelene nezimiso zokuziphatha bendabuko kanye namagugu. Ekuqaleni amapunk subculture esetshenziswa avuse ukubukeka zomphakathi: engavamile izinwele Umbala, zezinwele eziyinqaba, isimo okweqisayo futhi isitayela ezahlukene ingubo, kodwa ekugcineni zaqala ukusetshenziswa futhi izindlela ezinamandla kakhudlwana ethonyeni ngokusebenzisa themes udlame nokufa.

Le nhlangano yenkolo yokulwela ingenelisi

Lokhu subculture sekukhona e-US e-60s futhi yasheshe emhlabeni wonke. Kunesikhathi lapho savela kusukela beatniks ingenelisi, abasesigabeni esiphakathi, okuyinto yaba nethonya abomdabu leqembu isikhathi eside. Lezi subculture American isabelo esisodwa isici esiphawuleka - a evelele amazwi yekuphila. Izakhi eziyisisekelo isitayela noma ingenelisi nefilosofi lalithé:

1. Ukuthula futhi ayemelene nobudlova. Pacifism kwaba imibono esemqoka ye-hippie. Yingakho amalungu aleli qembu kwahluka Ukungalinaki igunya, nokunganaki zezombusazwe, ngoba ababusi sivuselelane impi futhi amandla abantu ukuba balwe.
2. Self-ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokukholelwa komuntu. Lezi zici bebelokhu yokusabela kuya onokuqundeka umphakathi mass.
3. yokuncishiswa ngamabomu, ie ushintsho kusukela ukuphila okunethezekile nobubha, renunciation ezibonakalayo.
4. Izidakamizwa, ucwaningo ngokobulili, wokujikeleza, imikhosi, zindlani - konke lokhu izici yesiteleka kakhulu subculture ingenelisi emphakathini.
5. Kuhlalisana - isici esasenza i-subculture ingenelisi njengoba abanye abazange balandele lokhu kuziphatha.

Hipsters

Kube le subculture kwentsha e-USSR ngasekupheleni 40-yalolucwaningo kwekhulu lama-20. Ngakho intsha Soviet uzwakalise umbhikisho eyeqisayo emphakathini. Isiqondiso eyinhloko Mods babe mbumbulu oyimpumputhe isitayela West nase-United States. Nakuba dudes ibukeka njenge-caricature: ibhulukwe ebanzi ezinemibala egqamile, baggy jackets double breast, amabhuzu ne ematheni uqweqwe isigqoko ngenhloso komphetho ububanzi futhi qiniseka ukugqoka imibala egqamile, athé ngaphansi ibhulukwe lakhe. Ezisesithombeni original kakhulu futhi inhlanganisela eliqhakazile imibala akekho ayinandaba.

Kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, eduze ngonyaka 50-th, dudes kancane zishintshile isithombe sabo. Baqala ukugqoka amabhulukwe tight futhi nenhle cut jackets ne emahlombe ezibanzi, uthayi mncane entanyeni yakhe, yebo, nabriolinennymi "ukupheka." Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi umfanekiso othile kwaba kuphela abafana, amantombazane, dudes babe aluhlaza ingubo egqamile noma isiketi senziwa iyincane, izicathulo pointy nokukwenza elikhanyayo kwenziwe. Umphakathi akazange zivumele ukwakhiwa kwalesi subculture eU.SSR yabafile ziyalahlwa futhi eshushiswa amalungu aleli qembu ezimibalabala.

subculture nomphakathi

Inqubo komphakathi kuthomba ku nemikhutshana kuleso emphakathini ishesha kakhulu. lezo zibonelo nemikhutshana kuleso ngokuthi "green" noma "isilwane abameli" ukufundisa isizukulwane esisha ukusiza nemvelo futhi anakekele imvelo. Kodwa omunye ulwazi theory akuyona njalo ngokwanele ukufundisa intsha umthwalo. Sidinga ukuzijayeza ukukhombisa umsebenzi "nemikhutshana kuleso omuhle." Isizukulwane abasebasha akufanele kuphela theorems futhi axioms, nezenzo ukuhlanganiswa kwabo kanye nemiphumela, kungenjalo akusiyo uyasiqaphela isidingo ngemisebenzi emihle.

Subculture, ethandwa emphakathini wanamuhla

subculture wobuLelesi (rockers, amapunk, emo, izigilamkhuba, njll) sebavele kokulahlekelwa phansi eRussia. Engemihle futhi ubudlova kancane kancane emfashinini. Befuna iziqondiso ezintsha asemasha invents ngendlela yalo yesimanje. Ngokwesibonelo, subculture futering ongaqhubeki ukubonakaliswa ezimbi, ngakho inkampani ibonwa kahle. Amalungu eqembu intsha musa ukugqoka izicathulo ngo yimuphi sezulu.

Ngenxa ukusabalala wonke Internet uya kuragela subculture gamers. Intsha namuhla ngokwethukela ecashele ngokoqobo emhlabeni virtual. Izingane eziningi asemasha kakade ngokuqiniseka ukuphatha amaphilisi, abafundi kanye namaselula. Kodwa kungcono esikhundleni ikakhulukazi bamanga izinkanuko real, okuyinto abeke abazali babo ukuze wonge isikhathi yabo futhi umzamo. Phela uma ingane imatasa imidlalo ukudlala kukhompyutha, awusebenzi zidinga ukunakekelwa kakhulu nokunakekela. Empeleni, inkinga yalesi subculture sijule kakhulu, futhi abazali kudingeka siqiniseke ukuba athathe izinyathelo ezithile uma ingane ine umdlalo noma ikhompyutha umlutha.

izici zayo zanamuhla intsha Amathrendi

Youth nemikhutshana kuleso zomhlaba wesimanje libhekene kwandziswa kwelinani letikhungo imisebenzi inhlangano. Ngaphezu kwalokho, intsha yanamuhla ngokuya bacwiliswa ezivulekile ze-inthanethi. Bafuna e inethiwekhi nomqondo ofanayo, ukuhlela umhlangano, ubambe nokwabelana. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu orientation emphakathini-owusizo nemikhutshana kuleso yesimanje:

1. isiqondiso Prosocial: subculture zokubekisa kanye motion Ekwenza Umlingiswa imidlalo.
2. isiqondiso Yokungabathandi: punk, metal, emo futhi hippie.
3. amaqembu Onkom 'idlayodwa, afana omdala subculture lobugebengu: izigilamkhuba ngefomu yabo emikhulu.

Uyakufanelekela subculture intsha futhi njengoba ukufakwa eqenjini emphilweni insizwa. Kukhona imisebenzi yokuziphatha kanye neqembu. Esimweni sokuqala, intsha unamathele sici neqembu isitayela yokugqoka, ukuziphatha kanye nokuxhumana. ezindaweni ezinjalo zinezikhathi abahileleki iyiphi imisebenzi. Lezi zihlanganisa Emo, hipsters futhi ukulungele. Ngamanye amazwi, lesi sizukulwane esisha zizoshintsha kuphela kwengaphandle nesitayela yokuziphatha.

Imisebenzi nemikhutshana kuleso - labo imiphakathi ukuthi zisekelwe abanothando umsebenzi othize ukuthi kudinga umsebenzi abanye. Leli qembu kungafaka parkurschikov, graffistov, roleplayers.

Yini edonsela intsha nemikhutshana kuleso

Youth subculture on ezingeni siqu - kuyindlela ukufeza ukuzethemba kanye offset isimo sengqondo esingaqondile sabanye ukuba ngokwabo. Ukunganeliseki ngezinhlelo isitayela ezabo izindinganiso zokuziphatha, umzimba, amazinga ukungafani ubufazi noma abesilisa ababhekwa ngayo. Subculture, uhlu okuyinto enkulu futhi ezihlukahlukene, ukuvumela abantu abasebasha ukuba banike othisha ngokwabo i aura ikakhulukazi eshaya ubuntu.

izizathu Socio-ngokwengqondo kubhekwe ezikhangayo yokuphila lokungakahleleki kudinga umthwalo, ukuphikelela nokuzimisela, ngokungafani kuya yamukelwe izimfuno zomphakathi. Kukhona nemiphumela ezintathu okungenzeka nomthelela komphakathi wobusha nemikhutshana kuleso:

1. Ukuma okuhle, okuyinto kubonakala lokuzibusa ezenhlalo nezamasiko, iSilekeleli Sokwazisa zokucwaninga zokudala ngemifanekiso, isitayela kokuziphatha nokunye.
2. isiqondiso Socio-negative, okuyinto etholakala ngokujoyina nemikhutshana kuleso lobugebengu, ziyingozi, izidakamizwa notshwala.
3. Ngamunye, lo mkhuba omubi kubonakala ku ubalekele iqiniso, ukuze bathethelele ukuziphatha kwakhe kwezinsana, kugwenywe ungubani amasiko nezenhlalo.

Yikuphi izindawo yibona endaweni subculture esithile ukunquma nzima impela. I nzima ukubona ithinta indlela isithombe yokuphila komuntu. Amathrendi Modern ukubandakanya intsha ngekwehlukana kwaso futhi ukubukeka abadelelayo nokuziphatha. Kodwa kuyafaneleka ukuthi ubulungu eqenjini elithile kwezenhlalo - into ngokuvamile lezivakashi. nemikhutshana kuleso Ngokuyinhloko wokuzilibazisa uqala at age 13 futhi iminyaka engu-19 idlula. Ngalokhu ubudala, umuntu eshintsha zokuzilibazisa zabo noma reinterprets amagugu zokuphila. Kodwa kukhona okuhlukile umkhawulo yobudala, isibonelo, Rockers subculture awunamkhawulo isikhathi. Ungahlangana futhi abavuthiwe phakathi abamele lo mphakathi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nabantu abadala. Bahlala kweqiniso izinkanuko zawo ezeve eshumini nambili futhi namanje ulalele rock umculo noma ukudlala emaqenjini. Njengomthetho, a rockers subculture ngukuthi labo bantu ngubani empilweni omdala awakulindele ukuphila wemfanelo futhi abazimele.

Izici ezikhethekile zihlanganisa nemikhutshana kuleso intsha icabangani inconstancy yabo ngokuziphatha. Intsha eningi psyche engazinzile, okuyinto ixhomeke kangakanani ubudlelwano babo nabazali babo. Uma ubuhlobo nabantu abaseduze babe remoteness, amathuba ukuthi ingane ngeke ezivumela ithonya ngaphandle, ziyanda. Phela, lo mfana udinga inkhulumomphendvulwano, iseluleko nokuqonda. Uma umndeni ongawamukeli konke lokhu, ngalokho uyakuthekela ukwesekwa kumbuthano zabantu eduze ngomoya isimo sengqondo sezisebenzi. Isikhathi esining impela ukuziphatha diviantnoe wengane entsheni lihlotshaniswa isibonelo esibi kusukela ngaphandle. Kungaba i-TV, izinto ezimbi namaqabane emazweni inkampani nokunye. Ukuze ugweme nomphumela omubi umntwana, abazali kudingeka ngixhumane noma ukudweba le njongo osemusha amadala.

Imithombo ukubukeka nemikhutshana kuleso eRussia

Intsha Russian nemikhutshana kuleso ukubukeka ngenxa yezizathu eziningana. Kule minyaka 15-20 iminyaka, nokuphila nsuku zonke izingane zomphakathi omdala uye washintsha okukhulu. I nokuvuleka abanamasiko aseNtshonalanga Kapa kanye naseMpumalanga owaba nethonya elikhulu le yalelozwe abantu, ikhambi emasikweni amaningi, kuholela ebuhlotsheni obuhlala, ukubaluleka izakhamuzi Russian. Okungenani ekuthinta kakhulu ukuphila kwabantu kanye inguquko entsha kwezesayensi nakwezobuchwepheshe, okuyinto ngokuyinhloko elihlobene ne ukuvela ezinjengokungcoliswa amakhompyutha, omakhalekhukhwini, i-internet.

Ngokuyinhloko intsha subculture ukusakaza angesabi. Nakuba ngokuvamile kwanele ukuze isandiso esinjalo singayakha abezindaba, party, izikhotha, nokunye. Kukhona enye indlela esingathola - izinhlangano commercial futhi intsha ziyisisekelo izinhlobo intsha ezokungcebeleka, angesabi ekhona, bese wakha isiqondiso ehlelekile. Njengoba isibonelo umdanso emgwaqweni. Kodwa le nqubo futhi kudinga indlela ekhethekile. Izazi zikholelwa ukuthi ukusebenzisa ukuxhumana informals engase HIV kufanele kwenziwe imithetho emithathu: kuzomele uxhumane abaholi, abenzele konke ababekudinga ukuze izenzakalo kanye nokudidiyela imingcele ekuziphatheni nemisebenzi eyenziwa ngokuhamba izenzo.

Isu lokuthola imisebenzi intsha

Uma sicabangela imisebenzi intsha ngokombono imfundo yomphakathi, singakwazi ukuhlukanisa amasu ezintathu eziyinhloko Pedagogical. Musa unake, musa siqambe Ukungena nokuguqulwa phakathi kokuphila komphakathi kuphela emva kwalokho ukusebenza, noma ukuhlaziya bezikhali nemikhutshana kuleso intsha mayelana netindlela ezengeziwe zemfundo futhi siwasebenzise izithakazelo nentuthuko yomuntu siqu yezingane kanye intsha.

Neqiniso lokuthi intsha nemikhutshana kuleso ngokuya imfundo wukuthi izinhlobo kanye izinhlobo umsebenzi intsha futhi intsha, kungakhathaliseki noma amahhovisi athile ezemfundo khulula zokuxhumana intsha imvelo, kufanele emphakathini omuhle. Kodwa-ke kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ezifanele instrumentation Pedagogical.

Empeleni, izindlela zesimanje zemfundo cishe akukho ukuthintana nalaba imiphakathi intsha kanye nengane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo oxhumana naye kwenzeka ikakhulukazi ehlobo amakamu, izinhlangano zezingane futhi kuyaqabukela ezikoleni zamabanga.

Njengomthetho, yokuphila, ukuziphatha kanye izimpawu ezibonisa ukuthi ngiyagula nemikhutshana kuleso intsha kanye nabantu abasha ehlanganiswa ngendlela engafanele, aba nesandla ekuthuthukeni kwalo ukulingiswa asebenzayo abamele yale miphakathi ingxenye ethile asePersian kwentsha. Lokhu, emenza ukusabalala lezi nemikhutshana kuleso ngale nelilodwa izwe. Noma kunjalo, variability kanye nezinye izici nemikhutshana kuleso futhi wathonywa kakhulu nangabanye izimo yobuhlanga nezenhlalo. Ngokwesibonelo, hippie Soviet onjengalo amalungu alesi subculture lamazwe aseNtshonalanga. A izigilamkhuba yesimanje Russian zihluke kakhulu kusukela izigilamkhuba lokuqala UK.

Imibhikisho enodlame wobusha emazweni aseNtshonalanga eminyakeni 60-70, futhi esikhaleni amaSoviet nasemakamu okuthunyelwe namaSoviet engxenyeni 90s yesibili uholé hhayi kuphela ukwehlisa zenzo zomphakathi entsheni, kodwa wakhonza njengephayona ukuthuthukiswa Amathrendi ezithile maqondana ukuphumula. Isici ehlukile ezakha kakhulu ezweni lanamuhla ukuba landise inani lawo umbhikisho wobusha nemikhutshana kuleso, kanye ezihlukahlukene amafomu. Ngakho, singasho ukuthi kukhona nemikhutshana kuleso obusha uhlu lukhula.