Pear uHelen: incazelo ezihlukahlukene, nezici, izithombe

Ezweni lethu, kunzima ukuthola icebo enjalo engadini ezazingathandi sikhule amagonandoda. Yiqiniso, ngaphandle ezisenyakatho. Futhi kuze kube muva nje, le mithi yomnqumo ukushisa-onothando yamjabulisa ngoba izithelo zawo elimnandi kanye namanzi balimi ezifundazweni eziseningizimu ye ezweni lethu kuphela. Ngenxa yokuzikhandla abalimi bendawo, izinhlobo ezintsha frost ukumelana ziye ezifuywa.

Kungenzeka ukunweba ongakwenza ukukhulisa ikhowe le la izithelo langa ukuba ezindaweni ezinezinga lokushisa elithokomele. Kulesi sihloko, sizobe ukwethula ezinye amagonandoda (cv nge isithombe kanye nencazelo). Abaningi babo bebelokhu baziwa isikhathi eside, kodwa manje abalimi ntandokazi. Omunye wabo kwakungu-eliphakathi kwe-Russian ubuhle, umfuyi ezifuywa okuthiwa Institute I. V Michurina SF Chernenko. Belle Chernenko - Abanye abatshali, lokhu ezihlukahlukene is ngegama lakhe lesibili ezaziwayo.

incazelo ezihlukahlukene

Lo mbono atholakala e-Ukunqamula izinhlobo ezimbili: Bere Ardanpon futhi Ndodakazi nalutho. Ibanga zoned kanye kungase kutholakale in ukulima imaphakathi Russia. Pear ubuhle Russian - igabade izithelo zomuthi, okuyinto balimi eziningi ubheke bokwenza zayo, njengoba kwenza kube nzima ukuze amnakekele.

Umuthi has a kunalokho ezingavamile kwalolu hlobo isitshalo ewumngcingo-pyramidal umqhele. Amahlumela kukhona athe lwalugobile, ukushuba medium, ne azinakwa cranked. Basuke ababethi a glabrous iba nsundu ngokubomvu, shiny,. Sezinso izithelo makhulu, abe ukuma Isigaxa. Amahlamvu aba side, esikhulu, wakhomba, oluhlaza amnyama nge isizinda nhlonhlo emise. Plate kabi eligoqiwe, izimisele, serrulate kanye emaphethelweni, engalingani. Petiole ukujiya isilinganiso kanye nobude ngaphandle pubescence.

Izithelo zinkulu kakhulu. Ngo isisindo sabo silinganiselwa 180 amagremu. Ube ukuma side, kancane anolaka, yiba ukuminyana isilinganiso isikhumba embozwe yokuqhuma ababuthakathaka. At the stage of ukuvuthwa esikhiphekayo ababethi umbala oluhlaza nge kancane othi awube ikhava. Umbala ogqamile aphuzi, othi awube iba nsundu ngokubomvu livela phakathi umthengi ukuvuthwa. Isithelo uginindela emhlophe, kancane matt, namanzi kakhulu, kokuba polumaslyanistuyu ukungaguquguquki. Ukunambitheka okumuncu-sweet, ne iphunga olubucayi.

Pear uHelen: incazelo ezihlukahlukene

Olunye uhlobo rannezimny ukuthi sekuthandwa kakhulu emaphakathi neRussia. Leli akulona Ukukhetha entsha umkhiqizo, futhi intandokazi ne ezihlukahlukene eziningi ezinhle kakhulu futhi ithele, ezifuywa emashumini ambalwa eminyaka edlule.

Izimbali ipheya iqala maphakathi no-May futhi ihlala kungakapheli amaviki engaphezu kwemibili. Izithelo uvuthwe ngasekupheleni September. Harvest kumele kwenziwe zingakapheli izinsuku eziyishumi emva ukuvuthwa, kungenjalo amagonandoda uziwisa phansi emhlabathini. Ngaphandle nokulahlekelwa zokunambitha lomkhiqizo endaweni epholile Igumbi ipheya Elena egcinwe izinyanga ezine.

Umlando amamaki

Pear uHelen has elinye igama - Gehine. Lokhu ezihlukahlukene kutshalwa eseningizimu Central Black Earth izifunda zezwe lethu. Wayelethwa wathola e-Armenia ngo-1960, umfuyi owaziwa PG Karatyanom ngesikhathi ngokumitha kwemihlambi ngaphakamisa Bere ebusika Michurin futhi Ihlathi Nobuhle.

Izici

Elena ipheya izinhlobo - uphansi noma slaboroslye izihlahla umqhele pyramidal, nokuba degree isilinganiso density bamahlamvu. Ulibo avele ngonyaka wesikhombisa emva kokutshala. Izimbali ipheya izithelo isethi kwenzeka minyaka yonke, ngisho nasezimweni ezinzima kakhulu izimo zezulu.

Isivuno isilinganiso somuthi ovuthiwe amakhilogremu angaphezu kwamashumi amane. Izithelo zinkulu (kufika ku 200 g) kukhona imikiswe-ipheya ukuma. Basuke waqhubeka athe lwalugobile Isiqu esifushane futhi obukhulu. Ngesikhathi yokuvuthwa kukhona anemibala umbala umbala ogqamile aphuzi, othi awube kancane.

Elena has a alube ipheya uginindela namanzi nge ukuthungwa obukhulu. It has a emnandi ukunambitheka amnandi futhi iphunga olubucayi.

Namuhla kuyinto amagonandoda ngasekupheleni ethandwa kakhulu. Izinhlobonhlobo ngezithombe avame ahlukahlukene balimi amateur imibukiso okhuthaza popularization izinhlobo ezaziwayo, zizalela ujwayele imikhiqizo emisha.

Pear Elena has okusezingeni eliphezulu umthengi izimfanelo izithelo. Ziyakwazi ezifanele ukusetshenziswa ku ifomu fresh and okusemathinini. Enye inzuzo yokuhamba kwesikebhe ezihlukahlukene kungenziwa kubhekwe njengento ukumelana izifo eziningi fungal. Lokhu ezihlukahlukene akuphazamisi uqweqwe futhi septoria indawo.

Ukutshala kanye Ukunakekela

izitshalo Young ipheya kungenziwa itshalwe entwasahlobo and ekwindla. Abalimi abanolwazi kubhekwa isikhathi elikhulu ukutshala ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli kanye engxenyeni yokuqala ka-Okthoba. Pear Elena ukhetha loamy nenhlabathi. Bavumela ukuthi uthole okungcono (nangohlobo) kwezitshalo. Clay, efana isihlabathi, inhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala isidingo zingathuthukiswa.

Ukuze kwandiswe conductivity lomoya nenhlabathi esindayo, liyanezela enkulu emfuleni isihlabathi, Peat, umquba. Zokutshala yisithombo bambe umgodi hhayi ngaphansi kuka ayisikhombisa amasentimitha ukujula mayelana imitha ububanzi. Ezansi ungakwazi abeke ziyadliwa amagobolondo.

Ngokukhethekile kufanele banikezwe ekutshaleni ipheya kwisayithi, okuyinto zilala amanzi phansi. Ukuze ahlupheke uhlelo impande izitshalo, kubalulekile ukumba inkatho zokususa umswakama ngokweqile. Ezindaweni ezimanzi Pear Elena izonethezeka uma isitshalo akusiyo egqumeni, ekhona noma wadala eyayenziwe.

Ukunakekelwa: izihlahla

Elena ipheya izihlahla. Lo msebenzi wenziwa kwentwasahlobo, okungcono Mashi. Kuyadingeka ukuba asuse amagatsha ezomile futhi izidumbu esihlahleni futhi elidala flower efihlekile. Esinye isici sale ezihlukahlukene angabhekwa impahla Amahlumela abasebasha ukuba banike othisha sokuvuna egcwele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Ukusincwela kuyadingeka ukuze kwakhiwe le umqhele esihlahleni.

sishaye

Entwasahlobo lucwaningo izitshalo ukwelashwa kokuvimbela izifo kanye izinambuzane. Kufanele kwenziwe ngo-Ephreli noma May, lapho efihlekile eziqhakaza, bese - ngemuva ukubonakala efihlekile. Sishaye Kwenziwa okwesithathu emasontweni amathathu. Ngesikhathi sasehlobo, yonke imisebenzi yezokwelapha abazenzi kuphela khona lesi sifo. Abalimi Novice kufanele uqaphele ukuthi izihlahla sishaye chemistries kufanele inqanyulwe inyanga eyodwa ngaphambi kokuvuna kulindeleke.

top-sigqoka

amagonandoda yisithombo uqale ukondla ngonyaka wesibili emva zokutshala. Phakathi no-May kuze kube inhlabathi nitrogen Umanyolo - nitrate ammonium noma urea. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ungakwazi zalisa micronutrients isitshalo. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ezungeze lo muthi ayihlwanyelayo green umquba (izitshalo ukuthi bayakwazi ukuthuthukisa isimo somhlabathi kanye imvundo ne-nitrogen eningi). Lezi zihlanganisa:

• Phacelia;
• lwesinaphi;
• clover;
• lupins.

I kokukhulelwa ezibaluleke kakhulu Kwenziwa ekwindla. Ngaphansi umqhele amagonandoda wenza Umanyolo eziphilayo (umlotha, umquba, umcako, humus nokunye.).

ukuchelela

Pear Elena ifuna ukuba umswakama. Ehlobo, ukushisa okukhulu awukwazi ukubekezelela iphele ukuphuma emhlabathini, udinga eziningi njalo ukuchelela ke. Ngaphambi frost kuqala ekwindla, afeze okuthiwa vlagozaryad izihlahla. Ngenxa yalesi zemithi ngobuningi bazithela ukuze amanzi esezingene inhlabathi okungenani 80 cm ukujula Lokhu kuzovumela kwesihlahla kulula ukuba sikhuthazele isithwathwa -. Umhlaba Wet akuyona chilled esijule kakhulu, inhlabathi ukuphefumula, futhi uhlelo izimpande kuwo wonke ebusika uzothola amanzi.

Izifo kanye izinambuzane

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi lokhu ezihlukahlukene akuyona uqweqwe ethintekile kanye Septoria amelana izifo fungal, ke kusongelwa ezinye izifo ejwayelekile lezi zihlahla (izithelo ukubola, umdlavuza abamnyama, powdery isikhutha, nokugqwala). Uma kukhona izinyathelo enganele zokuvimbela bona kungabangela izihlahla izithelo a zikhubazeke futhi ngezinye izikhathi ungalungiseki.

Izindlela oyinhloko wokulawula nezilokazane nezifo kukhona sishaye njalo, ukushisa amaqabunga ethintekile, nokususa izingxenye onesifo of isihlahla, nezithelo.

Pear Elena: libuyekeza balimi

Ngokusho abantu abakhula lokhu ezihlukahlukene ezindaweni zabo, Kungcono kakhulu emaphakathi neRussia. Lokhu grade kunezinzuzo eziningi, phakathi okuyinto ikakhulukazi walulama balimi palatability kakhulu, ezithela ephakeme, imbiza ekuphileni okude izithelo kanye nekhono yabo beletha olude. Nokho, abaningi bathi unakekelwe isihlahla n eziyinkimbinkimbi, futhi angaphansi kwemithetho abavamile ubuchwepheshe yezolimo, inikeza ezithela kakhulu.