Ngokuvamile abantu baphuka izinqulu Yekhanda: izinhlobo, izimpawu, ukwelashwa kanye nemiphumela

Skull waphuka kukhona phakathi ukulimala kabi kakhulu. ukwephulwa okunjalo ubuqotho amathambo cranial okuyokwenzeka ngemva amagalelo ezinzima ekhanda zivame ukuhambisana ukulimala ebuchosheni. Lezi ukulimala esongela ukuphila. Futhi ngisho ne umphumela omuhle, bona nemiphumela emibi impilo isiguli. Kubalulekile usizo lokuqala for kuhlasimulise nokulimala engqondweni yanikezwa isikhathi. Lokhu kuzosiza ukuvimbela ebulalayo. Kodwa noma kunjalo, ukwelapha ukulimala enjalo lide kakhulu futhi kudinga nokuvuselelwa eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Izici skull waphuka

Ukulimala ekhanda zivamile kakhulu, ikakhulukazi esemncane phakathi. Tibangela cishe isigamu sabantu abafa phakathi kwazo zonke ukulimala. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-kokunikezwa kwe-ubuqotho amathambo cranial ngokuvamile kuholela kokucindezelwa noma ukulimala izitsha ubuchopho negazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ugebhezi has a isakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. A sebuningini amathambo zihlangene ezivuzayo, akheke lobehlukene. Ezinye amathambo lwangena ngu imithambo yegazi noma izimbotshana womoya. Hlukanisa ngaphambili kogebhezi nobuchopho. Kuyinto ebuchosheni zenzeka njalo kakhulu abalimala.

Izakhiwo cranial ithambo waphuka ukuthi kungase kungabi okuphawuleka kangako lapho umonakalo zangaphandle umthelela. Ngemva egumbini cranial siqukethe amapuleti kwangaphakathi futhi yangaphandle, phakathi lapho ithambo cancellous. ipuleti Inner ulula kakhulu, ngakho-ke lilimele phezu umthelela ngokuvamile ngisho ngaphandle kokuyekethisa ubuqotho ipuleti yangaphandle.

Izimbangela lezi ukulimala

Skull waphuka zenzeka ngenxa isicelo anamandla amakhulu. Ziyakwazi kuncike abantu abaningi esemncane phakathi, okuholela ematasa noma ezemidlalo. Futhi, notshwala yezidakamizwa namalungu zezigebengu. Bungabonakala zizathu ukuthi kukhona skull waphuka:

• ikhanda ayibhampise ku eqinile;
• bokuwa usuka endaweni ephakeme;
• ukushayisana kwezimoto;
• inxeba lomuntu odutshuliwe.

Kukhona izindlela ezimbili ukuthola ukulimala ezifana: nenkhulumombiko. Lapho sinqamukile ithambo endaweni isicelo force - kuyinto ukwa oqondile. Ngakho ngokuvamile kukhona ukulimala of egumbini cranial. Ezilimele amathambo ngokuvamile ocindezelwe futhi kulimaze meninges. Ekuqaleni kwawo-umthelela engaqondile idluliselwa ku ezinye amathambo. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho kwehla kusuka ukuphakama ungene ukhalo ngokusebenzisa emgogodleni noma imilenze idluliselwa kuya ebuyile base Yekhanda, ngokuvamile okuholela ukwa yayo.

Izimpawu ze-skull ukwa

Sendlela yokuqala ziyolekelela ngoba ukulimala ekhanda kuncike isimo okwengeziwe isiguli Kuye kwanikezwa. Uma unanoma yimiphi igalelo eziqinile ekhanda kudingeka usola ukuthi kungenzeka ukwa Yekhanda. Ngempela, ngezinye izikhathi lokhu inhlekelele hhayi ephelezelwa izimpawu ezibonakala ngokucacile. Kodwa kukhona izici ekhethekile, ezingasetshenziswa ukunquma hhayi kuphela khona ukwa, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi indawo kwasendaweni yayo futhi kwadala umonakalo meninges.

• Uphawu oyinhloko ophukayo skull kahle ukwazi. Kungenzeka eyethile noma ikhoma, ukulahlekelwa inkumbulo, ukudideka, ukusangana.
• Ngaphezu kwalokho, ugebhezi waphuka njalo ephelezelwa zekhanda ezinamandla, isiyezi, isicanucanu.
• Uma umonakalo ebuchosheni futhi yezinzwa waphawula ukuzwela sifo, paresis kanye nokukhubazeka.
• Uma ngenxa yalokho we ukwa abathintekayo stem ingqondo, kungaba ukuphefumula nzima, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kwegazi.
• Ekuqaleni kwawo-base skull ngokuvamile isici uphawu hematoma iso noma mastoid. Ukopha kungenziwa doped nge cerebrospinal fluid kusukela ekhaleni, izindlebe.
• kabi ubhekwa ophukayo wethambo yesikhashana. Kubangela isiyezi ezinzima, kusebentisana kahle, isicanucanu, ubuthulu, ukukhubazeka ebusweni.

Ukwahlukanisa skull ukwa

Ukulimala lamathambo cranial kungaba ezahlukene. Basuke ihlukaniswa ngokweminyaka ubunjalo ukwa, indawo kwasendaweni, nobukhali ukulimala. Abakwazi bahlukunyezwe eminyangweni ehlukahlukene Yekhanda. Ngu uhlobo ukulimala, kukhona izinhlobo ezintathu:

• Kuyinto olunzima ukwa comminuted, kuphumele meninges kakhulu futhi imithambo yegazi kungenzeka lilimele;
• ukwa ecindezelekile futhi kunemiphumela sina, ngoba naye amathambo skull kuthiwa sicindezelwe ukukhungatheka kwangaphakathi, elibangela ubuchopho kwasani;
• Ngokuvamile abantu baphuka izinqulu komugqa ezibhekwa non-enobungozi, kusukela displacement izingcezwana ithambo kwenzeka, kodwa kungabangela umonakalo semithambo kanye nokulimala;
• ezingavamile kakhulu futhi kwenzeka perforating ukwa okubangelwa inxeba lomuntu odutshuliwe, njengoba umthetho, yokulimala ezifana aluhambisani nawo ekuphileni.

Ngokusho isayithi yokulimala ukuhlukanisa ophukayo wethambo yesikhashana, le occipital futhi engaphelele. Bangabakhe ukulimala egumbini cranial. Uma kumila Nogebhezi lwawo lilimele, abangela ngokuhlaziya emathanjeni ebusweni, basuke basakaza on the emzileni, ekhaleni, ngisho meatus sokuzwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwa skull Kungavulwa noma avaliwe, eyodwa noma amaningi. Isimo isiguli kuncike ngobucayi ukulimala, izinga lomonakalo kuya meninges kakhulu futhi imithambo yegazi, kanye nesikhathi ngokuphathelene nokunakekelwa ngokwezempilo.

Ukwaphuka we egumbini cranial

It kuvela kusukela buhlungu ekhanda. Ngakho-ke, izimpawu eyinhloko yokulimala esinjalo ngesilonda noma ilimaze kule ndawo. Kodwa lo yinkimbinkimbi uphethwe ngomonakalo ngokuvamile ezilimele uma ishaya plate engaphakathi amathambo cranial ukuthi ngokusobala cishe azinakwa. Isiguli ingase ivele ngisho engqondweni, kodwa kancane kancane izimpawu ukulimala kobuchopho kuyokhula. Ukwaphuka we egumbini cranial singenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene, ngaphezu kwakho konke - ujuqu. Ikakhulukazi ukungenwa ukulimala abantu utshwala izidakamizwa ukudakwa. Umthelela ongaqondile, ezifana ehlela phezu ukhalo, kungenzeka ukuthi umataniswe nge skull Waphuka. Kulokhu, isimo lesiguli kuyinto ezinzima kakhulu, futhi ukulimala kungasho ukufa.

Ukwa base skull

Izinga ukusinda ukulimala enjalo incike Ukwenza ukunakekelwa. Izinto zashintsha kule ndawo kungaba ezimele noma kuhambisane ukulimala egumbini cranial. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwa ukuhlukanisa anterior, maphakathi kanye posterior fossa. ukulimala okunjalo kuye ngokuthi indawo nobukhali ephelezelwa ngopha emakhaleni nezindlebe, usuku lokuphelelwa oludakayo. A uphawu sici anterior cranial fossa ukwa kuthiwa ilinyazwe iso. Lapho ukulimala enjalo ahlupheke zonke izitho zomzimba imizwa lesiguli: umuntu angaboni kahle, ukuzwa, ukuhogela, ukunyakaza ukubambisana. kabi ubhekwa ophukayo base Yekhanda. Ukusinda uma imayelana 50%.

ukuxilongwa ukulimala

Uma noma iyiphi inhlolovo ukulimala ekhanda uqhutshwa wokuthi yadalwa ophukayo. Ngaphezu inhlolovo ka isisulu noma izimo esihambisana ukulimala, udokotela ehlola isiguli. Esikalini ukuzwela, khona ingqondo, ihlolwe ishayela, futhi ukusabela izingane ukuthi azinazo yini ukukhanya. Kuba yisikhathi futhi lapho-X ray Yekhanda ezenziwa ezimbili. imiphumela resonance kazibuthe nekhompyutha tomography, ubuchopho kanye wokubhoboza echoencephalography esetshenziswa ukuqinisekisa uphethwe. Ukutadisha okunjalo kuyadingeka ukuze bafeze ngisho nalapho engekho imiphumela ebonakalayo umbhalo wokulinyazwa, njengoba emva umthelela kungalima- kuphela ipuleti engaphakathi amathambo skull.

Izici skull waphuka ezinganeni

Naphezu inkolelo abaningi ukuthi amathambo cranial e ingane namandla, ukulimala enjalo yenzeka njalo ezinhloko-izingane. Futhi uphethwe yabo kunzima, futhi imiphumela ngokuvamile kakhulu. skull ukwa e ingane kuyingozi ngoba ngokushesha ngemva ukuhlukumezeka isisulu singase sizizwe sijabula. Lokhu kungenxa ukuthuthukiswa enganele we iyizingxenye engaphelele kanye nezinye izifunda ubuchopho. Imiphumela avele kamuva: ukukhuphuka oqinile ingcindezi, nokulahlekelwa ukwazi, ukuhlanza, ukukhathazeka tearfulness. Isici se-ukulimala skull ezinganeni kukhona imifantu komugqa amaningi, ezivuzayo kanye kwehlukana umbono amathambo. Ngaphansi ukudlula e abadala, kukhona izwibela waphuka, hematomas nokopha. Kodwa yezinkinga kungaba nje njengoba sina: ngokuvamile ukuthuthukisa yisithuthwane ngokulandelana kwawo, iphimbo, ukulibaziseka kwamabanga, ezibukwayo nokuzwa ngandlela-thile.

usizo lokuqala

Ekwamukelweni kuhlasimulise nokulimala engqondweni kubaluleke kakhulu ngokushesha kangakanani ukwelashwa isisulu zizonikezwa. Ngokuvamile-ke ethinta ngayo ukuphila kwazo. Nakuba isisulu ingathathwa esibhedlela, makufakwe phezu eqinile ngaphandle pillows, ukuqopha ikhanda ebusweni ethambile. Uma kuwukuthi ingqondo, kungaba amanga emhlane wakho. Lapho niphele amandla isisulu ukuze ujike nganxanye, ukulungisa ezihlalweni ikhanda ngakho ligcwele ukuhlanza. Kungcono ukususa wonke amatshe ayigugu, izibuko, amazinyo okufakelwa, izingubo unbutton. Isisulu kumele unikezelwe ukufinyelela mahhala umoya.

Uma ukulimala ekhanda lakhe ukopha, sigqoka wakhe oyinyumba sisetshenziswa, ungafaka isicelo ice, kodwa awukwazi uthinte noma acindezele ukulimala. It is hhayi Kunconywa ukunikeza isiguli noma yimuphi umuthi ngaphambi kokufika udokotela, njengoba, ngokwesibonelo, opioids kungabangela nokuvaleka kwemigudu yokuphefumula. kanjani isisulu angase adinge ukuba aye kudokotela, ngisho nobe loyo muntfu bayazi futhi azizwa esihle. Ngempela, lokhu kuhlukunyezwa skull akasoze kungaqashelwa. Ngaphandle ukwelashwa esifike ngesikhathi kungabangela nemiphumela emibi ngendlela efanayo.

Izici nokwelashwa waphuka Yekhanda

Isisulu nge ukulimala ekhanda kufanele ibe esibhedlela. Kuye kobukhulu nendawo umonakalo angabelwa ukwelashwa ngoludala noma kuhlinzwa. Nakani embhedeni ukuphumula. Inhloko kufanele iphakame kancane ukunciphisa ukuvuza cerebrospinal fluid. Endabeni ukulimala base skull lidinga wokubhoboza lumbar noma amanzi. Ukuze waphuka of kobukhulu olwenziwa yokwelapha yezokwelapha phakathi nobumnene. Iziguli babelwa izidakamizwa ezifana:

• imithi yokubulala izinzwa, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory;
• isisu;
• imithi elwa namagciwane ukuze kuqedwe ukutheleleka ubovu;
• namanxusa nootropic vasotropic;
• izixazululo nokujikeleza kwegazi cerebral palsy.

Uma ukwa inzima, ezifana comminuted noma dented, ilimele amaningi amathambo ke ukwelashwa kuhlinzwa. Kuyadingeka ukuba asuse doti nezicubu izigaba necrotic, kanye igazi zanqwabelana. Ngesikhathi kokuhlinzwa futhi aqede ukonakala imizwa nemithambo yegazi. ukwelashwa Steel isetshenziswa lapho waqala ukutheleleka ubovu, okungakwazi ziyolungiswa ngosizo yokwelapha olandelanayo.

Imiphumela ukulimala ezifana

Uma komugqa skull ukwa, ngaphandle displacement amathambo hematomas esikhulu, futhi uma kugwenywe ubovu ukutheleleka, onalesi sifo ngokuphilisa ngokuvamile evumayo. Kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi ngaphandle yezinkinga siphela skull ukwa. Imiphumela ukulimala enjalo ingase ibe mibi kakhulu:

• meningitis, encephalitis;
• hematoma intracerebral kungabangela encephalopathy;
• ukopha kakhulu Imvama ukufa;
• ngemva base kwehlukana ukwa skull angagcina ukukhubazeka wonke umzimba;
• iziguli kaningi baphazamisekile ezingokwengqondo nezingokomzwelo, ukulahlekelwa yingqondo.

Ukuvuselelwa ngemva skull ukwa

Lapho wamaphaphu ukulimala yokutakula nesineke kuyashesha. Ukuvuselelwa ngokuvamile eyenziwa ekhaya futhi kuhlanganisa lonke, umoya ohlanzekile, ukuthatha neuroprotective futhi ukupholisa, olukhethekile lokudla. ukulimala Okuningi ezinzima thukela ngaphandle kwemiphumela. Ukulungiswa salezi ziguli eside, ngezinye izikhathi kuthatha iminyaka. Noma kunjalo, abaningi zikhutshaziwe futhi akakwazi ukubuyela ekuphileni ajwayelekile.