Neurology - kuyini? Lokho ephatha udokotela wezinzwa?

iziguli kaningi kufanele ubhekane nomqondo Neurology. Kuyini futhi kanjani humusha ke? Okokuqala, Neurology kuyinto isayensi ukuthi etadisha ukuthuthukiswa evamile futhi zokucabanga okubangelwa isifo isimiso sezinzwa. futhi liphathelene kwemizwa uhlelo izinguquko ezenzeka ngenxa amathonya zangaphandle noma ezinye izifo.

Indima isimiso sezinzwa emzimbeni

Isimiso sezinzwa emzimbeni womuntu ukwenza ukuqonda futhi isignali ukuhlaziywa ngaphakathi nangaphandle umzimba, unesibopho enguqulweni yabo okwengeziwe, ukucubungula impendulo. Ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso, isimiso sezinzwa kunendima umzimba yabalindi, okubonisa ushintsho zangaphandle nezinselelo ngaphakathi.

Isimiso sezinzwa sehlukaniswe neuropathy (ganglia yemisipha) kanye central (asebuchosheni nomgogodla). Endaweni ezifana izifo Neurology ngokuvamile azibonakali ngokusebenzisa ubuhlungu. Izimpawu ukuthi kungase kubonise ematfuba ukushaya isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko (ubuchopho) yilezi: ikhanda, ukuhlanekezela ebusweni, ukunyakaza komzimba, isiyezi, ukuba ndikindiki nenkinga yokukhuluma nokugwinya, umbono double. Ngezinye izikhathi kukhona ukulahleka isiguli ukwazi, ukuquleka, ubuthaka imilenze nezingalo.

iziyaluyalu kwemizwa: Izimpawu

On the yezinzwa ngesandla esisodwa - isayensi study isimiso sezinzwa somzimba womuntu, futhi ngakolunye - kule ndawo kwezokwelapha liphathelene ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa izifo zezinzwa. Izifo ezithile zesimiso sezinzwa kungase kuhambisane nemisebenzi kahle ngokwengqondo, okuyinto kubonakala ukucindezeleka kwengqondo, ukukhathazeka, ukucasuka, kwehle intelligence inkumbulo, okusheshayo nemizwa eshintshashintshayo.

izifo umgogodla ahambisana ubuhlungu, ubuthakathaka kanye ndikindiki imilenze, izingalo kanye esifubeni, ukuqunjelwa, ukuchama, imisipha yoma, Ukudlikizela. Izinkinga ze-neuropathy isimiso sezinzwa is uyabandakanyeka Neurology. Kuyini futhi zingaba kanjani iboniswe? Lena ngokuyinhloko zokugula elihlobene ne-kokucindezelwa we nemisipha noma ithambo takhiwo yezinzwa nezimpande. Yezinzwa uhlushwa ezingamahlalakhona ubuthi umzimba (umzimba ephazamisekile, ukuluthwa izidakamizwa eziyingozi, ukuluthwa utshwala).

Ikhanda elibuhlungu - uphawu phambili izifo zezinzwa

Ikhanda elibuhlungu libhekisela uhlu izimpawu, okuyizinkinga ezivamile kakhulu hhayi kuphela emkhakheni Neurology, kodwa futhi umkhuba jikelele. I symptomatology kuyinto izifo ezahlukene cishe 50 kukhawulwe ikhanda yomsindo kuphela. Umlando ugcwele amacala Neurology, nini lokhu uphawu uma kungenziwanga ephelezelwa lutho, ukudansela isiginci sakhe ukuvakashelwa lesiguli kudokotela. Ikhanda kungenziwa i-signal njengoba ukudana, ukukhathala, ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo, noma izifo ezingathi sína kwababhemayo. kokubonisana ngokushesha udokotela wezinzwa kuyadingeka uma kwenzeka ukuthi isiguli ngaphandle ikhanda kokuphazamisa izimpawu ezifana nokulahlekelwa ukwazi, isiyezi, ukuba ndikindiki, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza.

Kuvele udokotela abanolwazi kumelwe kuqala ukunquma uhlobo nobunjalo ikhanda. Kuze kube yimanje, ukuhlolisisa zezinzwa kwahambisana by izindlela wezinsimbi (Doppler ultrasound, Ro-graphy skull, i-MRI ikhanda). Futhi, qiniseka ukuba ibhekane luhlolo udokotela, udokotela wamazinyo, Otolaryngologist, ophthalmologist futhi abakhulule cwaningo emtholampilo. Lesi sakhiwo kuzokusiza ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze uhlole isimo umzimba wesiguli, okuyikona futhi zibeka ukwelashwa okufanele.

Izifo neuropathy isimiso sezinzwa

Mayelana 70% eziguli iphathwa izikhalazo eziningi ezivela kubantu neuropathy sezinzwa izinkinga ohlelweni. zokugula Okuvame kakhulu yomgogodla, okuyinto waziphatha vertebrobasilar-Neurology. Kuyini lokhu? Lokhu kubhekisela esenzakalweni esiyisimangaliso sifo, kuphazamisa ukusebenza emalungeni, akwazi ukugcina, ithambo izakhiwo, umsipha imisipha takhiwo ikholomu umgogodla.

Izilonda nemisipha, amalunga intervertebral futhi intervertebral disc kukhona igama ezivamile - osteochondrosis. Lapho esegugile, lesi sifo libhekwa njengento enhle, kodwa manje le uphethwe ingatholakala iziguli cishe ingane, okuyinto inkinga engathí sina. Sekuvele wesintu, lapho isifo siqhubeka iziguli ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-iminyaka engu-40. Ukuthuthukiswa lesi sifo yanda nge izinto ezifana ukudla okungenamsoco, indlela yokuphila yokwenziwa, ukuma okubi.

Thina usizo kudokotela oyisazi sezinzwa ngezindleko

Sifo, nokwelashwa iziyaluyalu isimiso sezinzwa abathintekayo wezinzwa. UMnyango Neurology okufanele ukuthi selashwe, uma zikhathazeke iqolo, ukuba buthakathaka kwezicubu, yokufikelwa, isiyezi, eliqhaqhazelayo kwamalungu omzimba, ukuqwasha noma ukulala thuthuva, incoordination, ikhanda, ukuba ndikindiki.

Ngakho abangelutho Uma unganakile, izimpawu "Izimpukane" phambi kwamehlo, noma ukuba ndikindiki eminweni ngokuvamile avele izifo zesimiso sezinzwa. Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zimpawu akunakubangelwa ukukhathala noma ukukhathala. Kodwa ngisho ne lokhu kubonakaliswa ezisencane badinga ukubona onguchwepheshe, ngoba izifo zezinzwa ukuthuthukisa kancane kancane. Umuntu ngamunye kudingeka azi ukuthi nemiphumela enqala kungaholela ekwelashweni imisiwe izifo, okuyinto waziphatha Neurology, ukuthi lena isimo esiyingozi okusongelayo ukulahlekelwa ukukhalipha, ukukhubazeka kanye nokukhubazeka. Ingozi yokuba iziyaluyalu zezinzwa kwandisa ngeminyaka. Vimbela lapho ivela khona futhi kungenzeka yabo nemiphumela can gqwa kuphela Luhlolo zezinzwa.

yezinkinga

isifo Neurology kuhlanganisa ebujameni babobusobubili kuyinkimbinkimbi. Okuvame kakhulu - ke radiculoneuritis kanye sciatica. Lezi zinkinga zihlobene ne ukuvuvukala impande umgogodla, okuyinto lapho ubuhlungu isibambo kwenzeka, ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala. radiculitis wesibeletho ephelezelwa ubuhlungu entanyeni izandla esifundeni interscapular, ehlombe, ingalo futhi ikhanda. Lapho webele sciatica kubangela ubuhlungu esifundeni thoracic, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kungase eyenziwe khona ubuhlungu esibindini futhi inhliziyo.

Emgogodleni abasengozini enkulu kuyinto lumbosacral. Sciatica kule ndawo liveza isici ubuhlungu sacrum futhi ephansi emuva onikelwa ku izibunu, umlenze, imbilapho. Iziguli kukhona ubuhlungu buthuntu lapho oqhothé futhi eqondisa yomzimba, nobunzima ukhuphuka uvela esihlalweni noma ukugibela izitebhisi. Ekuseni ubuhlungu zimbi kakhulu, isiguli kunzima baphenduka futhi avuke embhedeni. ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo zezinzwa siyadingeka uma kukhona yezinkinga ngesimo ukuchama neziyaluyalu, convulsive imisipha Kufinyeta futhi ubuthaka imilenze.

ukuhlola

Imiphumela yaloku kuhlola okungenhla Esifike Ngesikhathi izifo ezithile zesimiso sezinzwa - lena esigabeni zokuqala zokululama. Lezi zifo lwadlulela bebodwa. Iziguli ngokuvamile wenza iphutha elikhulu, zokunqoba izimpawu, ezifana ikhanda, ngosizo izidakamizwa. Endabeni ka ukwelashwa ayilungile lesi sifo kuqhubeka kuphela, futhi amathuba yezinkinga inyuka kakhulu.

Ngenxa yokuthi lesi sifo zezinzwa e iningi amacala zinezikhathi uhlobo olufanayo izimpawu, uphethwe kufanele iqondiswe ukukhethwa ucwaningo isikimu lesifanele. Eziningi zalezi zimpawu ukuthi kungase kubonise ukuthuthukiswa isifo esithinta izinzwa kungaba kanyekanye ukhulume imiphumela emibi ekwelapheni isiphi esinye isifo, okuyinto akuhlangene ne Neurology. Uphenyo iziguli kanye nodokotela uyavuma ukuthi zokugula zezinzwa kunzima ukuxilonga, futhi unganakile bangase sizididanise isifo esihluke ngokuphelele.

Isigaba zokuxilonga

Esikhathini wezinzwa esigabeni sokuqala kumele yenze luhlolo yomtholampilo, okuzokwenza ukucacisa uhlobo nendawo sifo bese ukhetha amacebo ka ukusihlola kanye nokwelashwa. indlela ephumelelayo Uphenyo-X-ray, ngawo sithole isimo ithambo nezicubu ngokuhlanganyela sokukhubazeka komgogodla. Magnetic resonance imaging ikuvumela ukubona ithambo ezinemininingwane eminingi hhayi kuphela, kodwa izimpande umgogodla, imithambo yegazi, uqwanga, imisipha kanye nemisipha. Phakathi kwezinye izindlela ezengeziwe ngawo wafunda izifo Neurology, isixazululi nkinga yehadiwe nezinsiza ethandwa, Reflexology, homotoxicology, ukuqondiswa kwamathambo, i acupressure, Doppler ultrasound.

ukwelashwa

Ukuthuthukisa izindlela zokwelapha izifo zezinzwa bekulokhu Research Centre of Neurology. Namuhla kabanzi indlela edidiyelayo ukwelashwa. It ihlose ukubhekana nezimbangela nempumuzo izimpawu. izifo kwemizwa ziphathwa ikakhulukazi ngokusebenzisa ukwelashwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho esetshenziselwa amasu nokuvuselelwa, kuhlanganise thermotherapy, Physiotherapy, kinesitherapy, ukutshopa, ukwelashwa massage, elashwe ngokomzimba futhi imithi herbal. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona izinhlelo nokuvuselelwa ekhethekile iziguli.

Vikela umzimba okuthile zezinzwa futhi kuvimbele yezinkinga kungenzeka kuphela ngokususa kokunakekela impilo yabo, ehlanganisa yokuphila kwesokudla, ukugwema ukucindezeleka, nokuwela yokuhlolwa gqwa by isazi sezinzwa.