Neman - umfula, ogeleza udlule ezintathu uthi

Neman - umfula, sivela e eningizimu Minsk upland. Kugeleza Lithuania, Belarus ne-Kaliningrad esifundeni. ubude - 937 amakhilomitha, futhi endaweni okulawulwa kwemithombo yamanzi kuyinto ayizinkulungwane 98 amakhilomitha square. Ezansi Nieman liwumngcele zemvelo phakathi Russian Federation naseLithuania. Umfula kubhekwa abahlanzekile kakhulu ukusakaza aqueous Belarus. Isizathu - aphansi ukwanda kwabantu kanye nokuntuleka amabhizinisi zezimboni ngasogwini futhi echibini. Neman - emfuleni ngobukhulu Lithuanian, ngobukhulu e Belarus 14 - eYurophu. It agelezela ukusakaza amanzi e Kurshskiy bay Baltic Sea. Kuyinto ichibi ophakathi kwezwe laseGrisi nenhlonhlo futhi etshekile. On ogwini ayo, lumelela edolobheni Lithuanian ka Klaipeda.

Hydrology futhi Hydrography Neman

Neman - umfula, okuyinto has a ukudla aqueous okuxubile. Kodwa ngokuyinhloko eqhweni engenhla, e sifinyelela ephansi - imvula. amanzi Pool has a high ukugeleza echibini - 2.5%. Amanzi ukusetshenziswa ngonyaka (Kusho) - 678 m ³ / s. Izikhukhula entwasahlobo ihlala isikhathi eside - kusukela maphakathi no-March, April no-May. Izikhukhula ayisibonelo ngoba ekwindla nasebusika. Ehlobo - amafishane. Freeze - ekupheleni kuka-November - ekuqaleni kuka Disemba, kodwa ngesikhathi sasebusika efudumele kungenzeka ukuvulwa yesikhashana Phakathi kwesitaladi sawo nomfula ukuqonda, bayasithola ice. Umthombo ivuliwe ugema Belarusian, endaweni engamamitha 176 amamitha. Lokhu 2 ukusakaza ezincane: Losha futhi Nemanets. Ukuze komngcele Lithuania kusukela kulezi zindawo 459 amakhilomitha.

Kodwa okuningi edlulayo. Umfula e sifinyelela layo elingenhla has a uhlamvu flat. Futhi ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo moraine emikhulu ukusakaza amanzi esigodini unciphise ngokucijile amakhilomitha eyodwa nengxenye ubude futhi ukusikeka kumuntu ka 40 amamitha ukujula. Lapha, phansi embhedeni Rapids namatshe. Ngo ayimigodi glaciolacustrine Neman esigodini inweba kufika ku amakhilomitha angu-20. Phansi iba sandy, kukhona iziqhingi emfuleni kwimfunda oxbow amachibi. Ogwini Neman njalo engalingani. Ububanzi komfula sifinyelela engenhla - bengekho ngaphezu kwama-40 metres, phakathi - hhayi ngaphezulu kuka-150 metres, emathafeni - kuze kufinyelele ngamamitha 400.

umlando Neman

Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi umfula sekuneminyaka iminyaka engaphezu kuka-1 million edlule kulezi zindawo. Njalo uzwane izinguzunga zeqhwa zaseScandinavia akazange akuvimbele ukukhandwa amanzi okuphila ukugeleza ngokushesha Kepha sebemuka laba, lapho reappeared. On osebeni Neman abantu bavela okokuqala eminyakeni engaba ngu-12,000 edlule. Esikhathini X leminyaka lwamaSlav esezinzile engenhla futhi sifinyelela ephansi - okhokho Lithuanian. Igama emfuleni yiyona izimpande Baltic futhi uhumusha ngokuthi "ekhaya," "yethu," "yakho." Neman yokuqala okukhulunywa ngayo Ipatiev Chronicle ngokuqondene ukwakhiwa Isigodlo emfuleni ekhulwini XIII. Kodwa amanzi agelezayo ivuliwe ngu uPtolemy ku "Ibalazwe European Sarmatia" ku II AD leminyaka.

izenzakalo ezithakazelisayo futhi amaqiniso ezihlobene Neman

incazelo wezobuCiko eMfuleni Neman ingatholakala imisebenzi abalobi ezifana kanye izimbongi njengo-Adamu Mitskevich, Janka Lucina, Vladislav Syrokomlya futhi Yakub Kolas. Yena enikelwe eziningi zomculo, kufaka phakathi umkhiqizo kazwelonke edume kunazo "Neman -. Umfula elimangalisayo" Phakathi ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe, umfula sekuwuphawu wobuzalwane wezempi Russian nama-pilot isiFulentshi, okuyinto sabonakala isihloko isigaba adumile "Normandy - Neman". wopiyano Polish Czeslaw Niemen wathatha igama lakhe isigaba behlonipha ukugeleza kwamanzi, okuyinto Ngakhulela amabhange.

Ngathatha iqhaza ukuthwetshulwa movie "Three Men in a Boat" Neman. Umfula baguqulelwa IsiZulu UMfula iThames. I inqaba Russian of Kovno, emi lapho bewela emngceleni on the amabhuloho 4 laqala ukuhlasela ibutho isimo sikaNapoleon Russian e 1812. emadolobheni okunjalo enkulu efana Kaunas, amaSoviet nasemakamu Grodno Neman emfuleni wanikela ngokuphila.

wemikhumbi

Neman - emfuleni imikhumbi. Ukukhulumisana njalo nime isikhawu phakathi edolobheni Belarusian ka Grodno futhi Druskininkai Lithuania. Sifinyelela engezansi emfuleni usike Kaunas Hydro Power Plant (1959), okuyinto lomasango ezibalulwa kanjena ngokufanele. Phakathi "amanzi okusezingeni eliphezulu" Isivivinyo bephethe izinto zokwakha, ukhuni nezinye izimpahla kungenziwa nezishiwo ngenhla confluence Berezina inflow Nieman. Ukuthumela kungenzeka kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-October. Futhi kusukela Neman, ungaya ku-Vistula futhi Dnieper ngokusebenzisa imigudu. Ngesikhathi sasehlobo, umfula ukuhamba ubumnandi izikebhe emfuleni Cruises zenziwa.

Nemingenela nemisele Neman

On the River Dnieper ihlanganisa Oginski Canal, ezakhiwe ngasekupheleni kwekhulu XVIII. Lo mzila wamanzi yakhelwe imikhumbi amancane kungenza ufike lapho kusuka khona oLwandle iBaltic kuya Black. Neman ne Vistula uxhuma Augustow Canal, eyakhelwe engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu XIX. He is an lesikhumbuzo yezakhiwo kanye ivikelwe UNESCO. Neman River nemingenela eminingi - mayelana 180. I ngobukhulu kulo bayizinkulungwane Merkis ubude 206 km; Viliia (ubude bayo - 510 km); Shchara (325 km); Shushupe (298 km); Zelvianka (170 km); Gavya (100 km). Cishe zonke imifula evela emaxhaphozini. Ngo XX leminyaka, e sifinyelela engezansi emaxhaphozini waqala sokukhipha i Peat isizinda. nemingenela waqala sijulise wesiteshi ezingeni, okuyinto iphazamiseke kakhulu umbuso kwamanzi nemingenela, nangalowo Neman.

Umhlobo eMfuleni Neman

On the amabhange Neman ikakhulu ikhula ihlathi okuxubile, okuyinto ekhombise predominance ka zezihlahla. afanayo Basic atholakala emfuleni Berezina. Lokhu Grodno Ihlathi, Nalibokskaya Ihlathi. Neman ekhangayo abadobi. Lapha evamile bream, Pike, uhlobo lwenhlazi yasemfuleni, perch, ongenathemba, perch futhi roach. Abadobi nilumana phezu Neman akuyona masingalokothi sikhononde. Ngemva kokuvalwa zidala ekuqaleni kuka June amanzi makehle ezokuvakasha asebenzayo, okungcono - boaters. Kukhona imizila ngomumo eyenziwe nge travel ejensi zendawo, kodwa angaya bebodwa. Ubude indlela kusuka Leda (lapha, ngokujwayelekile iqala uma imizila) kungenzeka kuze kube amakhilomitha angu-150. Neman ikhange ukuba zonke izinhlobo ezokuvakasha: amanzi, ibhayisikili, ihhashi noma on nyawo. Amabhange emfuleni abacebile amasayithi zemvelo, lathumela, umlando nemivubukulo.