Munch-Sardyk. Intaba ephakeme kakhulu yezintaba ze-Sayan

I-Munku-Sardyk iyindawo ephakeme kunazo zonke yeBuryatia kanye nenhloko ephakeme kakhulu ye-Sayans yaseMpumalanga. Iyini i-Sayan? Leli yigama lentaba, elihlanganisa amapheshana amabili amakhulu eningizimu yeSiberia. Insimu abahlala kuyo i-Russia neMongolia. AmaSayane ahlukaniswe abe eNtshonalanga naseMpumalanga. Ngokuphelele, i-massif yentaba inezintaba ezingu-7. Isistimu yasempumalanga idlulela ngokuphelele ezweni lethu, silula amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane phakathi kweYenisei noBaikal. Kulapha ukuthi inani eliphakeme kakhulu lama-Sayan amanga.

I-Hydronym

Igama lesiphakamiso esilimini se-Buryat lisho ukuthi "i-loach ephakade". Kungani abantu bomdabu babe nabantu abanjalo? Futhi konke kulula kakhulu. I-Mount Munku-Sardyk igcwele njalo iqhwa neqhwa. Futhi igama elithi "char" yigama lezintaba ezingenalutho ezisemadolobheni aseMpumalanga Ekude.

Le ntaba iye yaba nethonya elikhulu emiphakathini yabantu bendawo, ukukhulunywa kobuningi kuzinhlobonhlobo zezinganekwane, izinganekwane kanye nezinganekwane, abantu abadala kuphela abakhumbula manje ukuthi bezwa koyise. Ngisho neziqongo ezingu-7 ze-massif zathola amagama abo ngesizathu, zabizwa ngamadodana ka-Abai-Gesar Khan.

Izindabakwane zaseMongolia

Ezintabeni eziningi zaseMongolia kukhona izwi elikhuluma ngeqhawe ubaba onobhakabhaka, futhi umama nguMhlaba. Wahlala ogwini lolwandle oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ngasezintabeni zensimbi futhi wayenomhlophe ngaphezu kweqhwa, lapho umnyango wawunesiliva, futhi iminyango yayiyimapharele. Le ndoda yayinesihlalo sobukhosi esinamamitha angu-23, futhi nesiliva. Umnikazi wayenezifundo eziningi nezinkomo. Akekho owaziyo ukuthi isigodlo esingumngcwabo sasikuphi nokuthi ngabe ukhona yini. Isiko lendabuko lanikeza igama elilodwa kuphela entabeni - isiliva.

Izinganekwane zezakhamuzi eziqhekekile

Kubantu bendawo, le ntaba yindawo engcwele, indawo yokuhlala ka-Abai-Geser Khan (iqhawe lamaqhawe emphakathini wezizwe zase-Asia Ephakathi) nezinye imimoya. Ukungena lapha kuvinjelwe, futhi amadoda kuphela, emva kokucela imvume emimoya, angakhuphukela entabeni, lapho kukhonjelwa khona izinkolo ezingcwele.

Incazelo yamathafa

Ukuphakama kwe-Munku-Sardyk kungu-3,491 m. Ukuphakama kutholakala emngceleni waseMongolia naseBuryatia. Izigodi zasezintabeni zokuqala kwe-glacial. Manje emithambekeni kukhona amaqhwa amane. Okuyinhloko kungenyakatho, kunomthamo wezingu-85 m ububanzi futhi ubude bufike ku-6m. Namuhla, indawo yalezi ziqhwala ziyancipha. Izindebe ezisenyakatho zentaba zivele zifike esigodini soMfula i-Irkut, amathafa aseNingizimu asezansi echibini laseKhubsugul abumnene.

Izici zomhlaba

Intaba yase-Okinskoe (epulazini e-East Sayan) itholakala enyakatho-mpumalanga yezintaba, imvelaphi yale milambo njenge-Oka, Irkut neKita. Empumalanga yeMunku-Sardyk kuneToukinsky Goltsy. Kuyintaba yasezintabeni, ukuphambuka kwempumalanga yeSayans. Ngokuqondile enyakatho kukhona i-glacial lake Aikhay, endaweni engamamitha angu-2,613. Izindawo zendawo zithokozisa futhi zimangalisa ngobuhle bayo. I-Lake Hubsugul itholakala eningizimu, ekude ibanga elingamakhilomitha angu-12 ukusuka phezulu e-Munku-Sardyk. AmaGranite ahlala emadwaleni, ezigodini zemifula nasemithambekeni kukhona amahlathi angatholakala kuze kube semamitha angu-2,100.

Ukuvakasha

Akumangazi ukuthi ukuvakasha kuthuthukiswe kakhulu kule ndawo. Intaba itholakala emngceleni waseRussia neMongolia, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuthi izinhlangothi zombili zingenayo i-visa, kodwa ngokubhaliswa nabalindi bomngcele. Ngokuvamile iqembu likhuphukela eMunch-Sardyk lwenzeka. Ngesikhathi, abantu abayizinkulungwane eziningana bangahamba kanyekanye.

Umsunguli wemvelo waseRussia uGustav Radde ngo-1858 wenza isisindo sokuqala. UMunku-Sardyk wanqoba ohlangothini lolwandle uHubsugul, okungukuthi, kusukela eningizimu. Namuhla iningi lezintaba zokuqapha eziyinkimbinkimbi ehlukene zibekwa phezulu. Kusukela ohlangothini lwaseRussia, indlela enzima kunazo zonke kubhekwa njengekhanda elikhuphuka ukusuka enyakatho yeqhwa, futhi elula ukusuka eningizimu, lapho umthambeko ulula khona.

Umzila odumile wamaRussia

Iningi lalabo abafisa ukukhuphuka ekuqaleni kukaMe kusukela ohlangothini olusenyakatho lwenhlangano. Muva nje, lo mzila wezokuvakasha uthandwa kakhulu, ikakhulukazi izakhamizi zaseRussia. Abantu abangaba ngu-5000 bavakashela entabeni yonke inyakatho, okuyizinkulungwane ezingaba ngu-800 ezikhuphukela emfuleni. Umkhumbi uqala esigodini soMfula iBely Irkut, lapho indawo ethandwa kakhulu yi-Mugoveka, ene-canyon encane e-2 km, lapho ungabona khona amanzi amaningi angavamile amaqhwa namaqhwa amaqhwa ngezinyathelo . Ukukhuphuka kunzima kakhulu ngokuba khona kweqhwa nomthamo omkhulu, ezimweni ezinjalo, izigxobo ze-ski kanye namanye amathuluzi okukhuphuka kuyadingeka. Kodwa-ke, ngemva kokunqoba le sayithi, ungajabulela umbono omuhle kusuka phezulu, lapho ungabona khona izintaba ze- Sayan yaseMpumalanga neLake Hubsugul.

Ukuphakama okuvela eMongolia

Izintaba zezintaba zibheka abantu abaningi abanezigobo zabo ezingaziwa kanye nokubukwa okuthakazelisayo. Labo abafuna ukuvakashela lezi zingxenye, kodwa bengakakulungeli ukunqoba imizila enzima, kunconywa ukuba uhambe ngendlela esuka eMongolia. Lapha, ukukhuphuka kulula kakhulu, ngoba umthamo awukho kakhulu, cishe kufike phezulu. Leli cala lomthambeko lisetshenziselwa ukushushuluza noma ngisho ne-Hang-gliding, ngoba iqhwa lilapha kuze kube sekupheleni kukaJulayi. Zonke izintaba ezingu-7 zaseMunku-Sardyk zigcwele iqhwa, abaningi abagibelayo bafakazela iziphepho zamagnetic nezimo zezulu ezinzima. Okwamanje, izingxoxo ziqhutshwa ngokuqhubekayo neRussia ekusungulweni kwe-ski resort lapha.

Phezulu kweBaysagalanta

Ekude amakhilomitha angaba ngu-9 ukusuka eHankha (edolobhaneni elincane), kukhona inqwaba emangalisayo yaseBaysagalanta, lapho kukhona khona i-kereskur enkulu yokwakhiwa (funerary construction), cishe ngamamitha angu-12 ububanzi. Le ndawo ingcwele kubahlali bendawo, futhi abesifazane besifazane bangenqatshelwe ukungena. Akekho owedlule owakwazi ukukhumbula noma ukufunda okuthile ngomlando wale ndawo, indala kakhulu. Kuphela kwaziwa izindaba ze-lamas mayelana no-1944, lapho zakha khona isakhiwo senkolo esenziwe ngamatshe, ehlotshiswe ngamathebulethi namafulegi.

Ingqikithi yomngcele

Abantu bendawo banesiko mayelana nokuziphatha kokuqala komngcele phakathi kwamaShayina namaRussia, lapho amaqhawe omuntu avela khona. Ngokomlando, ukusuka eRussia kwahlukaniswa indawo yaseGuinea Sava, naseChina - eSasen-Ugans. Bahlukanisa izwe, babeka imingcele futhi iNtaba yaseMunku-Sardyk yayisehlangothini laseRussia. AmaShayina ayefisa ukuwina lo mhlangano futhi waqamba inkohliso: wabuza u-Gun-Sava ukuba amnike isiqephu somhlaba kusuka kule ntaba ubukhulu besikhumba senkunzi futhi lapho evumela, wathola inkunzi enkulu, wasusa isikhumba sakhe, wasibeka ngamabhande futhi wasibopha yonke indawo Intaba futhi, ngakho-ke, inani eliphakeme kakhulu liye lathuthela eChina. Kodwa entabeni, ngokusho komlando, kukhona uphawu lwesiRussia, amaShayina abhala intaba ukuze asuse uphawu, kodwa ayikwazi.

Ake sibambe imiphumela

Ekugcineni, singasho ukuthi iziqongo zezintaba ze-Sayany massif ngokungangabazeki zikhanga izivakashi eziphawulekayo. Izindawo zendawo ziphelele ngeholide elimnandi ngezinzuzo zezempilo. Ukufunda lezi zindawo nokunqoba iziqongo kuzosiza ukukhulisa ama-horizons, kuzonikeza ithuba lokungena emkhakheni ocebile we-Asia Ephakathi. Labo abafuna ukukhuphukela phezulu, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi amathafa lapha ayingozi kakhulu, ngakho-ke kudingeka ube nokuqeqeshwa okuhle ngokomzimba.

Njalo ngonyaka, izivakashi eziningi zivakashela i-Munku-Sardyk, ikakhulukazi ukuphumula, zijabulele imibono emihle yamaSayine aseMpumalanga futhi zihlanganyele ekukhuphukeni okukhulu, okuqhutshwa minyaka yonke.