Magnesium oxide: Properties, Ukulungiselela, isicelo

Magnesium oxide uvame ukubizwa magnesia kalula yokushiswa noma magnesium oxide. Lokhu kwaziswa kuyinto crystalline engasindi futhi emihle powder emhlophe. Emvelweni, oxide magnesium kwenzeka njengoba periclase amaminerali. Imboni yokudla kuyinto into eyaziwa ngokuthi i-ukudla okufakiwe ngaphansi ikhodi E530.

Izakhiwo i-magnesium oxide

Formula Chemical efana: MgO. Le ngxube has cishe awekho iphunga e-ammonia kanye acid okubonakala kalula oncibilikayo emanzini, solubility kwayo 30 ° C amagremu 0,0086 kuphela / 100 ml, kanye notshwala futhi engenzi chaza. mass izinyo lomhlathi of MgO - 40,3044 g / Mol. Ngezinye 20 ° C kanye kwabantu salo 3.58 g / cm³, izinga lokushisa abilayo - 3600 ° C., encibilika - 2852 ° C. Melkokristallichesky magnesium oxide kuyinto amakhemikhali okhuthele. Umzimba womuntu ungakwazi iyavuleka carbon dioxide ukwakha carbonate okuhambisanayo:

• MgO + CO ₂ = MgCO _3;

siqala kancane, kodwa namanje ihlangana emanzini, ukwakha zingaxazululeki base ababuthakathaka :

• H ₂ O + MgO = MG (OH) _2;

is wasithukuthelela i acid:

• 2HCl + MgO = MgCl ₂ + H ₂ O

I calcined magnesium oxide ilahlekelwa reactivity yayo. Kufanele wanezela ukuthi lolu gigroskopechen powder.

Ukulungiselela i-magnesium oxide

Esikhathini umkhakha, lokhu kwakwakhe yalungiswa ngokuyisisekelo ngokudutshulwa. Izinto zokusetshenziswa kusetshenziswe amaminerali ezifana dolomite (MgCO3.CaCO3) noma magnesia (MgCO3). Ngaphezu kwalokho, magnesia Kwenziwa usebenzisa bishofit calcination (MgCl ₂ x 6H ₂ O) e umhwamuko, calcining MG (OH) 2 nezinye engazinzile lokushisa MG compounds. Ngaphansi kwezimo zelabhorathri, MgO kungenzeka okulungiselelwe ukusabela izingxenye zalo abamelwe:

• 2Mg + O ₂ = 2MgO;

noma noqhekeko ezishisayo ezinhlotsheni ezithile zikasawoti noma hydroxide:

• MgCO ₃ = MgO + CO _2.

Kuye indlela ukukhiqizwa-magnesium oxide kuyisiko ukuhlukanisa izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko compounds: ukukhanya magnesia esindayo. Eyokuqala powder kungekho nto enemibala emihle, okuyinto lula ngokwanele ukuba angene ukusabela okuhlukahlukene nge acid alulaze, lapho akhiwa MG nosawoti. Eyesibili siqukethe zinhlayiya enkulu periclase zemvelo noma zokwenziwa neziqavile ukumelana namanzi futhi inert ngaphezulu.

magnesium oxide

Esikhathini umkhakha, lokhu kwakwakhe isetshenziselwa yokukhiqiza usimende, refractory, njengoba yamathebhu e iraba futhi ukwelashwa amaminerali uwoyela. Ultralight magnesium oxide usetshenziswa njengesibonelo esihle kakhulu olwalwenza, okuyinto sasicwengwa ebusweni. Ikakhulu, isetshenziswa electronics umkhakha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, magnesia kabanzi lisetshenziswe imithi. Lapho MgO isetshenziswa ayephuli esiswini asidi ezingeni ezenzeka ngenxa ngokweqile of hydrochloric acid. Magnesium oxide futhi bazithatha zokuyithena izinto asebenzayo ngephutha sabanjwa esiswini. Esikhathini umkhakha ukudla MgO isetshenziswa njengophawu ikhodi ukudla okufakiwe (E530), okuyinto kuvimbela clumping futhi caking. Magnesia lisetshenzisiwe nangokuqondene yokuzivocavoca. Lapha, i-powder lisetshenziswa ezandleni abasubathi ukuxhumana nge imishini umsebenzi kwaba athembeke. Engeza ukuthi i-nitrous magnesium kuyinto kugqame ngokuphelele. Coefficient bubhalwe ketshezi enwetshiwe Spectral band ilingana ubunye futhi ngaleyondlela nalo kungashiwo kahle ingasetshenziswa njengendlela reference emhlophe.