Kuyini yokuzwa kwangaphambilini ecaleni lobugebengu?

Uyaqala umhlangano owandulelayo enqubeni lobugebengu - lena esigabeni kwecala, okuyinto engavumelekile itholakala kuphela ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile. Ayakhululwa e Art. 229, ihora. 2-CPC. Ake sixoxe ngazo kabanzi esihlokweni.

Kunemininingwane ephelele yezizathu sokulalelwa kwangaphambilini e kokuthethwa kwecala

Izimo ngaphansi okuyinto kuvunyelwe ukubika sezinqubo zihlanganisa lezi ezilandelayo:

1. Kokuthola isicelo ngomunye amaqembu ukuba ngakususi ubufakazi.
2. Ukutholakala kwalezi zimo ukubuya izinto wathi kumshushisi avunyelwe ngaphansi kwazo.
3. Ukutholakala amaqiniso, khona okungase sokuqeda noma sokumisa okwesikhashana ekuqhutshweni.
4. Kokuthola isicelo abamangalelwa lokuqoka ukuhlangana iqhaza amajaji.

Isitatimende sokuthi uba kungenzeka kumila ukuzwa kwangaphambilini e kokuthethwa kwecala zithunyelwe emva luhlolo ummangalelwa ngezinto noma zingakapheli izinsuku ezintathu emva bakuthumela umshushisi ecaleni futhi lethula icala kuncike (isiphetho).

UPK kadokotela

Uyaqala umhlangano owandulelayo enqubeni lobugebengu iqala senkantolo ezifanele. imithetho yokukhiqiza Jikelele zisekelwe Ikhodi-Criminal Procedure umphako Isivivinyo iyonke. Defined Sec. 35 no-36 ubudala Ikhodi. I yokulalela kwangaphambilini enqubeni isigebengu futhi kulawulwa ukulungiselwa okuthile. Zikhona esihlokweni. 234 Ikhodi Criminal Procedure. Leli lungiselelo icacisa ukuthi:

1. Uyaqala umhlangano owandulelayo phezu icala lobugebengu iqhutshwa ngasese yijaji elilodwa. Amaqembu ukwethula ngesikhathi izinto luhlolo.
2. Uyaqala umhlangano owandulelayo e kokuthethwa kwecala ezingase zibhekwe engekho. Kulokhu, kumelwe ayimukise sicelosikhalo.
3. Isaziso izothunyelwa emhlanganweni we amaqembu kungakadluli izinsuku ezintathu ngaphambi kosuku lapho okufanele kwenzeke ngayo.
4. Ukungabi bikho abantu ngokufanele aziswe zecala, awukwazi bakha isithiyo ekwenzeni lokho okuhleliwe.
5. Uma lesi sinyathelo kungenxa isicelo lohlangothi ukubekela eceleni ubufakazi, futhi kuvela ukuthi iqembu lesibili ukuba avumelane naye, ijaji pha it. Kulokhu, yokuzwa kwangaphambilini phezu Icala lobugebengu liye ayizange inikezwe.

imithetho eyengeziwe

Ngo inqubo ukulungiselela noma kwangaphambilini Ukuvikelwa ukuzwa Ungahambisa isicelo ngenjongo yobufakazi uqinisekise ukubandakanywa alibi kommangalelwa. Lolu hlelo lokusebenza kumele yinkantolo noma kunjalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvikela ungahambisa isicelo nokuvulwa izinto ezengeziwe noma ubufakazi. Uma inkantolo ibona ukuthi kubalulekile mayelana nokulalelwa kwecala, lesi sikhalazo sokuba banikezwe isikweletu. OFakazi kungaba noma yibaphi abalingisi abazi lutho ngezimo ukuqaliswa izenzo okuphenya, noma ukuhoxiswa yokwemukela kwemibhalo ngayo izinto umhlangano.

esibalulekile

Kufanele ucacise inombolo umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama ahambisana ukuzwa kwangaphambilini phezu icala lobugebengu. Umbiko ayohlanganisa zonke izenzakalo ezenzeka kulowo mhlangano. Umphumela kokuqhutshwa kubonakala isinqumo. Kulesi enkantolo, njengoba umthetho, asikwazi isikhalo. Ungasebenzisa kuphela inselelo isinqumo alichitha icala noma kukhethwa izinyathelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-COP ayelihlonipha admissibility amaphepha okwedlulisela phambili isicelo nge ukumiswa noma ikuphi ukushintsha yomthetho.

A motion ngakususi ubufakazi

Inqubo ngenhla sokulalelwa kwangaphambilini kule nqubo lobugebengu liye esibekiwe kuye ngezimo. Uma uthola isicelo nokungamukeleki kobufakazi, inkantolo uyothatha isinqumo on the ukususwa kolwazi oluthile ohlwini, okuyinto kuzoxoxwa ngani emhlanganweni. Lesi sitatimende izinhlangothi kumele zithunyelwe ngokubhala. Lokhu kufanele kuhlonishwe ifomu elisungulwe Art. 235 h. 2-CPC. Lesi sicelo kufanele licaciswe ukuthi ubufakazi, okuyinto, ngokusho party, kumele zisuswe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isicelo kumele anikeze izizathu zokuthi kokuthathwa kwesiqunto kanye izimo ulunge kangakanani kubo. Ijaji, esikhundleni salokho, kufanele uhlole isicelo. Phakathi nalokho kubingelelana, uyena onelungelo lokusho ukuthi embuzweni ofakazi, ukunamathisela eshiwo kulo mqulu lokusebenza kunjalo, funda ukuthi okuqukethwe izenzo kanye namanye amadokhumenti. Uma isicelo umenyezelwe ngesisekelo ukuthi ubufakazi etholwe ephula Criminal Procedure Code hlinzeka ekuphikiseni lezi zimpikiswano kufanele kube umshushisi. Kwezinye izimo, ukufakazela ukuvumelana okucabanga ukweleta ukuzivikela.

Ezenye ukuhlangabezana nesicelo

Ukwamukelwa kwesicelo kusho ukuthi ubufakazi obuphathekayo ilahlekelwa semthethweni futhi ayikwazi kunakwe lapho egweba noma ezinye izixazululo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, asikwazi ukusetshenziswa ukuphenya ekambisweni. Uma ukuzwa kwangaphambilini ku icala lobugebengu liye kudinga amajaji, amaqembu noma nezinye izinhlangano ehilelekile kuhlolwe izinto awavunyelwe ukwazisa jurors mayelana nokuba khona kwamakamu ubufakazi, inkantolo kulolu hlu. Akuvunyelwe njengoba ukuvezwa izimo ulunge kangakanani isinqumo. Esikhathini isinqumo senkantolo Yokuqashwa umhlangano imiphumela ukuzwa kwangaphambilini kumele acaciswe njengenombolo nokungamukeleki kobufakazi nezimpahla, ngokuvumelana bekene bungaveli inqubo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo avunyelwe lapho sifunda okwalandela ukumemezela uhlu lwezikhalazo ukuhlonishwa njengobukhosi evumelekile.

Izimo ukubuya izinto wathi kumshushisi

Uma kukhona uqokwa yokuzwa kwangaphambilini phezu icala lobugebengu. Lokhu uvunyelwe ngaphansi isinyathelo we ngumahluleli noma ngesicelo amaqembu. Njengoba izimo izinto kumele ibuyiselwe kumshushisi womphakathi ngaphansi kwayo, kukhona ukwephulwa yezimfuneko CCP e ukulungiswa icala (ejele) uma ukuvala amathuba sinqumo noma ezinye isinqumo esithethwe yikhotho.

Ukungaqiniseki CCP

Ikhodi lingashoni incazelo ecacile ekuphazanyisweni ukuba senqatshelwa ukungena, noma ukulungiswa amacala isenzo. Hhayi ngokunqaba Ikhodi Criminal Procedure kanye nenqubo esingasondela ngazo ukwahlulela, kukhona kungenzeka inkantolo ukuba wenze isinqumo, noma ingekho. Kule ndaba, ngempela njalo practice kukhona izingxabano mayelana semthethweni izinqumo yakhipha phezu izinto ukubuya / non-ukubuya abashushisi. Explained ngesikhathi wanika COP futhi Sun. Eyokuqala, ikakhulukazi kuveziwe lamahlulela kabi 08.12.2003, lapho izinhlinzeko zoMthetho Art. 237 h. 1 we CCP musa ngakususi kwekhono izinkantolo ngokusuka kuzo noma ngokuhambisana nesicelo amaqembu ukuze ubuyele impahla umshushisi, uma ngokuhamba ekuqhutshweni owandulela ukuqulwa kwecala bebelokhu ukwephulwa abalulekile yomthetho, hhayi ezilahlwayo ekuqhubeni, uma angahambisani ekupheleni lwangaphambili ngesikhathi esifanayo isinqumo esinjalo uphenyo noma nophenyo. izincazelo Okuningi othile oqondile owanikwa u-Sun Plenum Lesinqumo LoMkhandlu 05.03.2004 Ikakhulukazi, iNkantolo Ephakeme waveza ukuthi kukhona okungahambi ukulungiswa icala (isiphetho) kufanele zihlonishwe njengobukhosi lokungalandeli umthetho nezinhlinzeko Art. 220, i-CPC 225, precluding kungenzeka ukwamukela izixazululo kakhulu ngokuhambisana idokhumenti. Lesi sakamuva, ngokukhethekile, kwenzeka uma:

1. Ukungabikho eziqondisweni idokhumenti ngendaba isigwebo, mayelana ukuphi, ulwazi mayelana isisulu (uma kufakiwe), njalonjalo.
2. Non-sokuhambisana amacala eziqukethwe siphetfo / isenzo, ekhona isinqumo sokuba ashushiswe umuntu njengoba ummangalelwa.
3. Ukungabikho nesignesha umphenyi / mseshi, umshushisi nenqe ukwamukelwa.

Banikezwe ngenhla, singaphetha ngokuthi yokuzwa kwangaphambilini endaweni kokuqhubeka lobugebengu esiyakuqokwa ngaphansi khona yokuphazamiseka nokubhalwa we amasamanisi / ababoshiwe uma:

1. Ziyakwazi ebalulekile.
2. Vimbela isinqumo senkantolo.
3. Ukuqedwa nemiphumela yabo kungukuthi ezihlobene kwaqedwa ukuphelela uphenyo noma nophenyo.
4. Mthetho / Ikhophi is anganikelwa esandleni ummangalelwa.
5. Ukuqedwa nemiphumela akudingi isikhathi esiningi ngokweqile 5 izinsuku.

Injongo ukubuya zokwakha umtjhutjhisi emlandwini wokuthoma, uma ikhophi yombiko awuzange ethulwa ummangalelwa, kuyaqondakala ngempela. Esemthethweni sizoqinisekisa ukuqaliswa isinyathelo okuphenya, osebenza njengokuvimbelayo amathuluzi okhiye zenqubo eziqinisekisa ukugcwaliseka isihloko ilungelo lakhe ukuzivikela. Kulokhu, inkantolo ngokwako akukwazi ulungise ukuhlukumeza. Lokhu kungenxa yokuba khona imithetho jikelele Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi inkantolo ayinawo kwesokudla ukuthatha noma yisiphi isinyathelo ezibangela ukungabaza mayelana nokuhileleka yakhe ngesikhathi kushushiswa.

Okunye izimo ubuyisele izinto wathi kumshushisi

Uma kukhona isidingo ukudweba i icala / isiphetho isinqumo isicelo wezinyathelo yezokwelapha eziphoqelelwe bunikezwe yokuzwa kwangaphambilini e ekubeni necala lobugebengu. Lokhu isimo kutholwa lapho umbuzo wabeka ummangalelwa ngaphansi kweso lwezokwelapha. Ngemva kokuthola bajwayelane mathiriyeli inkantolo ngeke uvumelana ngesinqumo esithathwe ngaleso sicelo medical sibhekwe izinyathelo. Kule ndaba, kungaba ukuqaphela ukuthi uma ukuthethwa kwecala kufanele iqhutshwe imithetho jikelele - nokwenziwa uphenyo yaphelela kanye uthathelwe Imiphumela icala lakhe / umusho. Uyaqala umhlangano owandulelayo umiswa zobulelesi futhi ku:

1. Thola izimo ivumela ukukhiqizwa ukuhlanganisa zibe munye.
2. Ukungabikho ukucaciseleka amalungelo anikezwa asolwa ngaphansi Art. 217 ihora. 5 CCP, lapho ngilifunda nezinto.
3. Isidingo izinyathelo okuphenya maqondana yokucasha kuncike enkantolo.

ukuhlinzekwa komthetho

Lapho ngibuyela e-izisetshenziswa umshushisi kufanele inake eziningi zoMthetho. Kufanele sihlonishwe, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izimo zase isizathu ukubuya icala umshushisi. Imithetho ebekiwe okulandelayo:

1. Kukhethwa isilinganiso zokuvimbela ukuze ummangalelwa, izinto zazo ubugebengu emuva umshushisi, ijaji enquma.
2. Ubufakazi etholwe ukulungisa ukwephulwa ayenziwa e ukulungiswa icala / umbono uma wathatha izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingu-5, a priori amukelwe.

Ukumiswa noma ukwesulwa ukukhiqizwa

Inqubo lapho kuzolalelwa wokulungiselela, kokuthethwa kwecala kulokhu esiyakuqokwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo nalezo aqondise abaphenyi / abaseshi uphenyo. Noma kunjalo, sinokholo umehluko amabili abalulekile. Uhlu izimo okungase uholwe umahluleli ihlele ukuzwa kwangaphambilini e kokuthethwa kwecala, alikho ilungiselelo okukhulunywa ngayo Art. 208 h 1 p 1-CPC - .. "inhlangano ongashiwongo, okuyinto okumele icala njengoba izifele." Lokhu kuyafaneleka ngoba igunya ayikwazi ukuthola izinto awunawo icala. Nokho, uhlu izizathu kulekelelwa isimo, lapho inkantolo ingamisa amalanga wokulalelwa komlandu nayikuthi kunjalo uthumele isicelo eNkantolo yoMthethosisekelo ku nomthetho we umthetho sisetshenziswe lapho ucabangela izinto. Esinye isici lapho kwemukelwa khona isikhalo kusuka kunoma iyiphi umangalelwa nofana umangali. It litigant kumele ukhombe nokwephulwa kwamalungelo akhe ngokomthethosisekelo ngenxa isicelo noma yisiphi isicelo okungenzeka imithetho akuzona ehambisana Basic Law WaseRussia.

Ukucaciswa Armed Forces

Ngo Ukulungiswa yayo 31.10.1995, le Plenum waveza ukuthi, okokuqala nje, inkantolo kufanele zicele ngokubhala. Okwesibili, le dokhumenti ezidingekayo ukuze igama eliqondile, nosuku lokwamukelwa, inombolo, umthombo ukushicilelwa kanye neminye imininingwane ku isenzo zomthetho ukuze ihlolwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkantolo kusicelo zawo ziyokudla sinikete tizatfu lapho kwenziwa isinqumo ukuthumela isicelo. Futhi e-Armed Forces Yisinqumo Kunconywa izimo ngesikhathi esifanayo ukushintsha isilinganiso sizibambe futhi abamangalelwe lokhu uma engayifezi kahle ngaleso sikhathi yeziboshwa. Lena ngempela iphuzu elibalulekile, kusukela Ukucabangela izicelo eNkantolo yoMthethosisekelo kuthatha isikhathi eside.

izixazululo Esamukeleka

Uma sokumisa yijaji ingenza umyalelo ukubuya izinto ukuze umshushisi. Kulokhu, ezahlukeneyo ezimbili okungenzeka izixazululo:

1. Lapho Ukuphunyuka kwakhe kwenye indawo kommangalelwa esitokisini, luzakwenziwa, lapho umshushisi ukunikeza search for umuntu.
2. Uma ibhizinisi elihlala inkululeko wanyamalala, isinqumo ekuthatheni isinyathelo umahluleli wafuna, avelelwe futhi ambopha kokuboshwa.

okuhlukile

Ekulalelweni kwangaphambilini, inkantolo ingakhipha isinqumo ukuze alichitha icala uma izimo zembuliwe, okubonisa khona nokuvuselela ngezizathu yokuvala ukukhiqizwa noma ekupheleni kwecala. Kulokhu, lo mbukiso yi- yenziwa ngokuvumelana nemithetho jikelele. Lapho isiqinisekiso Kutholwe izimo nokuvuselela, inkantolo ayakuphuma i ukuthethwa yicala. Phakathi nokuqulwa kwecala kwangaphambilini bungabonakala base ezengeziwe, okuyinto uphoqa ukwenza isinqumo ekunqanyulweni. Them zokwenqaba ngumshushisi kwalawo macala. Kulokhu, kuyosebenza imithetho okukhulunywa ngayo Art. 246 h. 7-CPC.

amajaji

Uyaqala umhlangano owandulelayo e kokuthethwa kwecala uma kukhona isicelo bahloli Luhambo isekelwe emithethweni evamile. Nokho, unikezwa ngokucacile lokhu ukukhiqizwa, umthetho umisa eziningi caveats:

1. Ubugebengu nesibopho ezithatha izihloko ezimbalwa kubhekwe maqondana konke kubo uma okungenani oyedwa kubo wathola sicelosikhalo ngokuvusa amajaji.
2. Uma isicelo ohambelana awuthunyelwanga noma alikaqinisekiswa emhlanganweni, umangalelwa nofana umangali kwenziwe enye ingxenye enkantolo. Kuchazwa ngu imithetho yobuciko. 30 Ikhodi Criminal Procedure.
3. Ukulungiswa, okuyinto inikezwe ukuzwa kwangaphambilini ecaleni lobugebengu, ngaphezu ukuxazulula ezinye izinkinga kunqunywa inani candidates for jurors ukuba mema, okuyinto akufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-20.

Isinqumo Yokuqashwa kwecala by amajaji iyakuba kokugcina. Ngemva kwalokho, ukwehluleka ummangalelwa ukuba babheke isimo kule format kungamukelwa. Ngesicelo amaqembu zinikelwe ikhophi isinqumo.

Imininingwane yalolu inqubo

Ukuze uthole kwebalingisi egcwele yalezi ukuzwa owandulelayo Institute kumele wathi futhi esimweni ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ngezizathu ngesikhundla sakhe esisha, uba nomhlangano owodwa. Ngokusho imiphumela senze izinqumo ezifanele. Ngokwesibonelo, ngo-umkhuba akuyona into engavamile lapho ukuzwa kwangaphambilini labetibambile ngaphambi komhlangano iqhaza amajaji, okuzokwenza uthumele imibuzo futhi ekhipha ubufakazi noma ukwelekelela uhlu lwabo. Izinqumo kuvame ilungiswe isinqumo esisodwa.

isiphetho

I-CPC, ngeshwa, akusho ukucacisa umqondo sokulalelwa wokulungiselela, inqubo isigebengu uqobo. Kuyaziwa ukuba izigaba eziningana. Okwesithathu, ukuchaza izimo bazibandakanye abaphenyi noma abaphenyi. Ngemva kwalokhu, izinto ukufika umshushisi. He fikisa i icala / isiphetho kanye ubheke icala enkantolo. Ukuqhutshwa phambi kwenkantolo kungaba kwenziwe ngokuvumelana nezimiso jikelele. Nokho, kulezo zimo ezichazwe ngenhla, yokuzwa liyahlonywa esimisiwe. Ngokuvamile, kubalulekile ukususa izithiyo ekuqhutshweni ngokuvumelana nezimiso jikelele. Uma ummangalelwa has a ummeli wommangalelwa, kuzwa kwangaphambilini phezu Icala lobugebengu liye hhayi eyenziwa ngaphandle ummeli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezimweni eziningi, khona layo kubaluleke kakhulu futhi kudingekile. Ummeli uzokwazi, isibonelo, efanele, esekelwe umthetho, ukuze bathethelele izisusa nokungamukeleki kobufakazi endabeni. Esikhathini aphoyintimenti wabahluleli bakwa umhlangano kufanele bacabangele hhayi kuphela imithetho CCP, kodwa futhi izincazelo wamaKhotho koMthethosisekelo kanye Ephakeme. Lezi Izinqumo kucacisiwe imithetho zomthetho, wachaza izici isicelo sabo. Ukunakekela okukhethekile kufanele basondela ukuze kulungiswe udaba ngokuletha emhlanganweni we amajaji. Ummangalelwa ngu zokugcwalisa sicelosikhalo, kubalulekile ukucacisa izidingo oshayiwe baxwayisa ngokuthi kwenqatshwa kwalo okwalandela sokulalelwa kule format angeke amukelwe. Kufanele kahle sihlole icala, enikeziwe umshushisi.